e10vq
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011
OR
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
Commission file number: 001-34872
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Maryland
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
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27-2481988
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification No.) |
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2100 Rexford Road, Suite 414, Charlotte, NC
(Address of principal executive offices)
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28211
(Zip Code) |
(704) 496-2500
(Registrants telephone number, including area code)
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted
pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period
that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of large
accelerated filer, accelerated filer and smaller reporting company in Rule 12b-2 of the
Exchange Act.
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Large accelerated filer o
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Accelerated filer o
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Non-accelerated filer þ
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Smaller reporting company o |
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(Do not check if a smaller reporting company) |
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Exchange Act).
Yes o No þ
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common stock, as
of the latest practicable date.
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Class
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Outstanding at November 4, 2011 |
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Common Stock, $0.01 par value per share
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30,711,761 shares |
FORM 10-Q
FOR THE QUARTER ENDED SEPTEMBER 30, 2011
TABLE OF CONTENTS
i
Item 1. Financial Statements
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(In thousands, except share data)
(Unaudited)
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2011 |
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2010 |
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Assets |
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Investment in real estate, net: |
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Student housing properties |
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$ |
461,333 |
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372,746 |
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Accumulated depreciation |
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(71,417 |
) |
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(57,463 |
) |
Development in process |
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32,808 |
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24,232 |
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Investment in real estate, net |
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422,724 |
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339,515 |
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Investment in unconsolidated entities |
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16,751 |
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13,751 |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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9,457 |
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2,327 |
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Restricted cash and investments |
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2,352 |
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3,305 |
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Student receivables, net of allowance for doubtful accounts
of $1,238 and $431 at September 30, 2011 and December 31,
2010, respectively |
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1,578 |
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954 |
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Cost and earnings in excess of construction billings |
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3,530 |
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1,827 |
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Other assets |
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10,452 |
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9,578 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
466,844 |
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371,257 |
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Liabilities and equity |
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Liabilities: |
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Mortgage and construction loans |
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$ |
149,178 |
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60,840 |
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Lines of credit and other debt |
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43,552 |
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42,500 |
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Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
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31,575 |
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14,597 |
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Other liabilities |
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11,056 |
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6,530 |
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Total liabilities |
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235,361 |
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124,467 |
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Equity: |
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Stockholders equity: |
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Common stock, $0.01 par value, 90,000,000 shares
authorized, 30,706,527 and 30,682,215 shares issued and
outstanding at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively |
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307 |
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307 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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248,640 |
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248,515 |
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Accumulated deficit and distributions |
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(20,929 |
) |
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(5,491 |
) |
Accumulated other comprehensive loss |
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(425 |
) |
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(172 |
) |
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Total Campus Crest Communities, Inc. stockholders equity |
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227,593 |
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243,159 |
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Noncontrolling interests |
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3,890 |
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3,631 |
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Total equity |
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231,483 |
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246,790 |
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Total liabilities and equity |
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$ |
466,844 |
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371,257 |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
1
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC. AND
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES PREDECESSOR
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(In thousands, except per share data)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2011 |
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2010 |
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2011 |
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2010 |
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Campus Crest |
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Campus Crest |
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Campus Crest |
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Campus Crest |
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Communities, |
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Communities |
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Communities, |
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Communities |
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Inc. |
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Predecessor |
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Inc. |
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Predecessor |
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Revenues: |
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Student housing rental |
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$ |
14,883 |
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12,247 |
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41,054 |
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36,690 |
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Student housing services |
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686 |
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376 |
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1,662 |
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1,521 |
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Development, construction and management
services |
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4,827 |
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4,256 |
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26,444 |
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35,121 |
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Total revenues |
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20,396 |
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16,879 |
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69,160 |
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73,332 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Student housing operations |
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7,262 |
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6,485 |
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20,086 |
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19,786 |
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Development, construction and management
services |
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4,393 |
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4,378 |
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24,229 |
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33,022 |
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General and administrative |
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1,253 |
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1,174 |
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4,923 |
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3,792 |
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Ground leases |
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52 |
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59 |
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156 |
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153 |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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4,873 |
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4,507 |
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15,239 |
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13,935 |
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Total operating expenses |
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17,833 |
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16,603 |
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64,633 |
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70,688 |
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Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities |
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(309 |
) |
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(49 |
) |
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(944 |
) |
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(243 |
) |
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Operating income |
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2,254 |
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227 |
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3,583 |
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2,401 |
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Nonoperating income (expense): |
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Interest expense |
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(1,922 |
) |
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(6,708 |
) |
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(4,657 |
) |
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(17,395 |
) |
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
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(22 |
) |
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178 |
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315 |
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|
356 |
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Other income |
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118 |
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1 |
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272 |
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45 |
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Total nonoperating expenses, net |
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(1,826 |
) |
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(6,529 |
) |
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(4,070 |
) |
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(16,994 |
) |
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Income (loss) before income taxes |
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428 |
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(6,302 |
) |
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(487 |
) |
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(14,593 |
) |
Income tax expense |
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(14 |
) |
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(214 |
) |
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Net income (loss) |
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414 |
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(6,302 |
) |
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(701 |
) |
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(14,593 |
) |
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling
interests |
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6 |
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(2,264 |
) |
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1 |
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(7,290 |
) |
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Net income (loss) attributable to Campus Crest
Communities, Inc. and Predecessor |
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$ |
408 |
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(4,038 |
) |
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(702 |
) |
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(7,303 |
) |
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Net income (loss) per share attributable to Campus
Crest Communities, Inc. common stockholders: |
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Basic and diluted |
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$ |
0.01 |
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(0.02 |
) |
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Weighted-average common shares outstanding: |
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Basic |
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30,724 |
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30,717 |
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Diluted |
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31,160 |
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30,717 |
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Distributions per common share |
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$ |
(0.16 |
) |
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(0.48 |
) |
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See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
2
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN EQUITY
AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
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Total |
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Campus Crest |
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Accumulated |
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Communities, |
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Number of |
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Additional |
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Accumulated |
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Other |
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Inc. |
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Common |
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Common |
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Paid-In |
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Deficit and |
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Comprehensive |
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Stockholders |
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Noncontrolling |
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Total |
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Shares |
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Stock |
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Capital |
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Distributions |
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Loss |
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Equity |
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Interests |
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Equity |
|
Balance, December 31, 2010
|
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|
30,682 |
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|
$ |
307 |
|
|
|
248,515 |
|
|
|
(5,491 |
) |
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|
(172 |
) |
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|
243,159 |
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|
|
3,631 |
|
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|
246,790 |
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Distributions
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
(14,736 |
) |
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|
|
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|
(14,736 |
) |
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|
(210 |
) |
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|
(14,946 |
) |
Issuance of restricted stock
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|
25 |
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|
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|
|
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|
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Amortization of restricted
stock awards and OP units
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
259 |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
259 |
|
|
|
468 |
|
|
|
727 |
|
Costs related to initial
public offering
|
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
(134 |
) |
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(134 |
) |
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|
|
|
|
|
(134 |
) |
Comprehensive loss: |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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Change in fair value of
interest rate derivatives
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(253 |
) |
|
|
(253 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(253 |
) |
Net
income (loss)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(702 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(702 |
) |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(701 |
) |
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total comprehensive loss
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
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|
(954 |
) |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
Balance, September 30, 2011
|
|
|
30,707 |
|
|
$ |
307 |
|
|
|
248,640 |
|
|
|
(20,929 |
) |
|
|
(425 |
) |
|
|
227,593 |
|
|
|
3,890 |
|
|
|
231,483 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
3
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC. AND
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES PREDECESSOR
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
|
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
|
Campus Crest
Communities,
Inc.
|
|
|
Campus Crest
Communities
Predecessor
|
|
Operating activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(701 |
) |
|
|
(14,593 |
) |
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities: |
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
15,239 |
|
|
|
13,935 |
|
Amortization of deferred financing costs |
|
|
898 |
|
|
|
637 |
|
Loss on disposal of assets |
|
|
58 |
|
|
|
|
|
Accretion of interest expense |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,481 |
|
Bad debt expense |
|
|
832 |
|
|
|
260 |
|
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
|
(337 |
) |
|
|
(4,437 |
) |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities |
|
|
944 |
|
|
|
243 |
|
Compensation expense related to share based payments |
|
|
195 |
|
|
|
|
|
Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Restricted cash and investments |
|
|
953 |
|
|
|
(638 |
) |
Student receivables |
|
|
(1,456 |
) |
|
|
(1,001 |
) |
Construction billings |
|
|
(1,810 |
) |
|
|
(371 |
) |
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
|
|
3,322 |
|
|
|
8,330 |
|
Other |
|
|
3,667 |
|
|
|
(3,325 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by operating activities |
|
|
21,804 |
|
|
|
2,521 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Investments in development in process |
|
|
(85,917 |
) |
|
|
(761 |
) |
Investments in student housing properties |
|
|
(2,945 |
) |
|
|
(1,821 |
) |
Investments in unconsolidated entities |
|
|
(3,263 |
) |
|
|
(251 |
) |
Distributions from unconsolidated entities |
|
|
6,175 |
|
|
|
|
|
Purchase of corporate fixed assets |
|
|
(176 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in investing activities |
|
|
(86,126 |
) |
|
|
(2,833 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Financing activities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payment of offering costs |
|
|
(134 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from mortgage loans |
|
|
48,518 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from construction loans |
|
|
39,820 |
|
|
|
498 |
|
Proceeds from lines of credit and other debt |
|
|
44,500 |
|
|
|
5,560 |
|
Principal payments on construction loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(338 |
) |
Payments on lines of credit and other debt |
|
|
(46,000 |
) |
|
|
(128 |
) |
Debt issuance costs |
|
|
(1,338 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Contributions from owner of Predecessor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
443 |
|
Contributions from noncontrolling interests of Predecessor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
673 |
|
Distributions to owner of Predecessor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,714 |
) |
Distributions to noncontrolling interests of Predecessor |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(2,775 |
) |
Distributions to stockholders |
|
|
(13,719 |
) |
|
|
|
|
Distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
(195 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net cash provided by financing activities |
|
|
71,452 |
|
|
|
2,219 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net change in cash and cash equivalents |
|
|
7,130 |
|
|
|
1,907 |
|
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
|
|
2,327 |
|
|
|
2,902 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
|
$ |
9,457 |
|
|
|
4,809 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest paid |
|
$ |
4,707 |
|
|
|
11,370 |
|
Income taxes paid |
|
$ |
2 |
|
|
|
|
|
Non-cash investing and financing activity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Change in payables related to distributions to stockholders |
|
$ |
1,017 |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in payables related to distributions to noncontrolling interests |
|
$ |
15 |
|
|
|
|
|
Change in payables related to capital expenditures |
|
$ |
12,624 |
|
|
|
627 |
|
Accrued costs related to investments in uncombined entities |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
225 |
|
Contribution of development in process to unconsolidated entity |
|
$ |
7,666 |
|
|
|
|
|
Assumption
of bonds related to land purchase |
|
$ |
2,552 |
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated and combined financial statements.
4
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC. AND
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES PREDECESSOR
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED AND COMBINED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
1. Organization and Description of Business
Campus Crest Communities, Inc. (along with its subsidiaries, the Company, we, us or
our) is engaged in the business of developing, constructing, owning and managing high-quality,
purpose-built student housing properties in the United States. The Company was incorporated in the
State of Maryland on March 1, 2010. Campus Crest Communities Predecessor (the Predecessor) is
not a legal entity, but rather a combination of certain vertically integrated operating companies
under common ownership. The Predecessor reflects the historical combination of all facets of the
vertically integrated business operations of the student housing related entities of the Company
prior to its ownership of these entities.
On October 19, 2010, the Company completed an initial public offering (the Offering) of
28,333,333 shares of its common stock. On November 18, 2010, underwriters of the Offering closed on
their option to purchase an additional 2,250,000 shares of common stock to cover the overallotment
option granted by the Company to its underwriters. Total Offering-related proceeds to the Company
as a result of both of these transactions totaled approximately $382.3 million. Total
Offering-related expenses were approximately $31.9 million and consisted of the underwriting
discount and other expenses payable by the Company.
As a result of the Offering and certain formation transactions entered into in connection
therewith (the Formation Transactions), the Company currently owns the sole general partner
interest and limited partner interests in Campus Crest Communities Operating Partnership, LP (the
Operating Partnership). As part of the Formation Transactions, the owner of the Predecessor and
certain third-party investors were granted limited partnership interests in the Operating
Partnership (OP units). The exchange of entities or interests therein for OP units was accounted
for as a reorganization of entities under common control. As a result, the Companys assets and
liabilities are reflected at their historical cost basis.
The Company elected and qualified to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (REIT) for
U.S. federal income tax purposes commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2010. As a
REIT, the Company generally is not subject to U.S. federal income tax on taxable income that it
distributes currently to its stockholders.
The following tables illustrate the number of properties in which the Company has interests,
both operating and under construction, at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2011 |
|
|
|
Properties |
|
|
Properties |
|
|
Effective ownership |
|
|
|
in operation |
|
|
under construction |
|
|
percentage |
|
Consolidated entities |
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
Unconsolidated entities |
|
|
8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
20 49.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2010 |
|
|
|
Properties |
|
|
Properties |
|
|
Effective ownership |
|
|
|
in operation |
|
|
under construction(1) |
|
|
percentage |
|
Consolidated entities |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
100 |
% |
Unconsolidated entities |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
49.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
27 |
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Subsequent to December 31, 2010, two wholly owned properties that
were under construction as of December 31, 2010 were contributed to an unconsolidated
entity. |
5
2. Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Basis of Presentation
The accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated and combined financial statements of the
Company and the Predecessor, respectively, have been prepared in accordance with U.S. generally
accepted accounting principles (U.S. GAAP) and instructions to Form 10-Q. They do not include
all the information and footnotes required by U.S. GAAP for complete financial statements. In the
opinion of management, all adjustments (consisting solely of normal recurring matters) necessary
for a fair presentation of the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements for these
interim periods have been included.
The condensed consolidated financial statements of the Company include the financial position,
results of operations and cash flows of the Company, the Operating Partnership and subsidiaries of
the Operating Partnership. Third-party equity interests in the Operating Partnership are reflected
as noncontrolling interests in the condensed consolidated financial statements. The condensed
combined financial statements of the Predecessor reflect the Predecessor and its subsidiaries,
including ventures in which the Predecessor had a controlling interest. Interests in combined
entities held by an entity other than the Predecessor are reflected as noncontrolling interests in
the condensed combined financial statements. The Company and Predecessor also have ownership
interests in unconsolidated real estate ventures which have ownership in several property owning
entities that are accounted for under the equity method. All significant intercompany balances and
transactions have been eliminated. Certain prior period amounts have been reclassified to conform
to the current period presentation.
The Company, which was incorporated on March 1, 2010, had no operations for the period from
its formation through October 18, 2010, as its primary purpose upon formation was to facilitate
completion of the Offering and, upon completion, continue the operations of the Predecessor. Since
the Predecessors combined results of operations reflect the operations of the Company prior to its
ownership of the entities which conduct these operations, the Predecessors condensed combined
results of operations have been prepared and presented for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2010.
The unaudited interim condensed consolidated and combined financial statements should be read
in conjunction with the Companys and the Predecessors audited consolidated and combined financial
statements, respectively, and accompanying notes for the year ended December 31, 2010 included in
the Companys Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). The results of operations and cash flows for any
interim period are not necessarily indicative of results for other interim periods or the full
year.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of consolidated and combined financial statements in conformity with U.S. GAAP
requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets
and liabilities, disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial
statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period.
Significant assumptions and estimates are used by management related to recognizing construction
and development revenue under the percentage of completion method, useful lives of student housing
properties, valuation of investment in real estate, allocation of purchase price to newly acquired
student housing properties, fair value of financial assets and liabilities, including derivatives,
and allowance for doubtful accounts. It is at least reasonably possible that these estimates could
change in the near term.
Investment in Real Estate
Investment in real estate is recorded at historical cost. Major improvements that extend the
life of an asset are capitalized and depreciated over a period equal to the shorter of the life of
the improvement or the remaining useful life of the asset. The cost of ordinary repairs and
maintenance are charged to expense when incurred. Depreciation and amortization are recorded on a
straight-line basis over the estimated useful lives of the assets as follows:
6
|
|
|
|
|
Buildings |
|
40 years |
Improvements |
|
20 years |
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
|
3-10 years |
The cost of buildings and improvements includes all pre-development, entitlement and project
costs directly associated with the development and construction of a real estate project, which
include interest, property taxes and the amortization of deferred financing costs recognized while
the project is under construction. Additionally, the Company capitalizes certain internal costs
related to the development and construction of its student housing properties. All costs are
capitalized as development in process until the asset is ready for its intended use, which is
typically upon receipt of a certificate of occupancy. Upon completion, costs are transferred into
the applicable asset category and depreciation commences. Interest totaling approximately $0.4
million and $0 was capitalized during the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010,
respectively, and approximately $1.1 million and $0.1 million was capitalized during the nine
months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Pre-development costs are capitalized until such time that management believes it is no longer
probable that a contract will be executed for the acquisition of property and/or construction will
commence. Because we frequently incur pre-development expenditures before a financing commitment
and/or required permits and authorizations have been obtained, we bear the risk of loss of these
pre-development expenditures if financing cannot ultimately be arranged on acceptable terms or we
are unable to successfully obtain the required permits and authorizations. As such, management
evaluates the status of projects where we have not yet acquired the target property or where we
have not yet commenced construction on a periodic basis and writes off any pre-development costs
related to projects whose current status indicates the acquisition or commencement of construction
is not probable. Such write-offs are included within operating expenses in the consolidated and
combined statements of operations. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, we deferred
approximately $2.3 million and $0.9 million, respectively, in pre-development costs related to
development projects that have not yet been acquired or for which construction has not commenced.
Such costs are included in development in process on the accompanying condensed consolidated
balance sheets. Also included in development in process on the accompanying condensed consolidated
balance sheets as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 are approximately $30.5 million and
$23.3 million, respectively, of costs related to projects for which construction is in process or
land has been acquired.
Management assesses whether there has been impairment in the value of our investment in real
estate whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset
may not be recoverable. Recoverability of investment in real estate is measured by a comparison of
the carrying amount of a student housing property to the estimated future undiscounted cash flows
expected to be generated by the property. Impairment is recognized when estimated future
undiscounted cash flows, including proceeds from disposition, are less than the carrying value of
the property. The estimation of future undiscounted cash flows is inherently uncertain and relies
on assumptions regarding current and future economics and market conditions. If such conditions
change, then an adjustment reducing the carrying value of our long-lived assets could occur in the
future period in which conditions change. To the extent that a property is impaired, the excess of
the carrying amount of the property over its estimated fair value is charged to operating earnings.
Fair value is determined based upon the discounted cash flows of the property, quoted market prices
or independent appraisals, as considered necessary.
Property Acquisitions
The Company allocates the purchase price of acquired properties to net tangible and identified
intangible assets based on relative fair values. Fair value estimates are based on information
obtained from independent appraisals, other market data, information obtained during due diligence,
and information related to the marketing and leasing at the specific property. The value of
in-place leases is based on the difference between (i) the property valued with existing in-place
leases adjusted to market rental rates and (ii) the property valued as-if vacant. As lease terms
are typically one year or less, rates on in-place leases generally approximate market rental rates.
Factors considered in the valuation of in-place leases include an estimate of the carrying costs
during the expected lease-up period considering current market conditions, nature of the tenancy
and costs to execute similar leases. Carrying costs include estimates of lost rentals at market
rates during the expected lease-up period, net of variable operating expenses. The value of
in-place leases is amortized on a straight-line basis over the remaining initial term of the
respective leases, generally less than one year. Amortization expense was approximately $0.1
million and $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and
approximately $0.9 million and $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010,
respectively. The amortization of in-place leases is included in
7
depreciation and amortization expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of
operations. The purchase price of property acquisitions is not expected to be allocated to tenant
relationships, considering the terms of the leases and the expected levels of lease renewals.
Deferred Financing Costs
We defer costs incurred in obtaining financing and amortize the costs over the terms of the
related loans using the effective interest method. Upon repayment of or in conjunction with a
material change in the terms of the underlying debt agreement, any unamortized costs are charged to
earnings. Deferred financing costs, net of amortization, are included in other assets on the
accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Amortization of deferred financing costs, which
is included in interest expense in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements
of operations, approximated $0.3 million and $0.3 million for the three months ended September 30,
2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximated $0.9 million and $0.6 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
Noncontrolling Interests
Noncontrolling interests represent the portion of equity in the Companys consolidated
subsidiaries which are not attributable to our stockholders. Accordingly, noncontrolling interests
are reported as a component of equity in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets but
separate from stockholders equity. On the condensed consolidated and combined statements of
operations, operating results are reported at their consolidated and combined amounts, including
both the amount attributable to us and to noncontrolling interests. See note 5.
Real Estate Ventures
We hold interests in all properties, both under development and in operation, through
interests in both consolidated and unconsolidated real estate ventures. The Company assesses its
investments in real estate ventures in accordance with applicable guidance under U.S. GAAP to
determine if a venture is a Variable Interest Entity (VIE). We consolidate entities that are
defined as VIEs and for which we are determined to be the primary beneficiary. In instances where
we are not the primary beneficiary, we do not consolidate the entity for financial reporting
purposes. For entities that are not defined as VIEs, management first considers whether we are the
general partner or a limited partner (or the equivalent in such investments which are not
structured as partnerships). We consolidate entities where: (i) we are the general partner (or the
equivalent); and (ii) the limited partners (or the equivalent) in such investments do not have
rights which would preclude control and, therefore, consolidation for financial reporting purposes.
For entities where we are the general partner (or the equivalent) but do not control the real
estate venture, as the other partners (or the equivalent) hold substantive participating rights, we
use the equity method of accounting. For entities where we are a limited partner (or the
equivalent), management considers factors such as ownership interest, voting control, authority to
make decisions, and contractual and substantive participating rights of the partners (or the
equivalent) to determine if the presumption that the general partner controls the entity is
overcome. In instances where these factors indicate we control the entity, we consolidate the
entity; otherwise, we record our investment using the equity method of accounting.
Under the equity method, investments are initially recognized on the balance sheet at cost and
are subsequently adjusted to reflect our proportionate share of net earnings or losses of the
entity, distributions received, contributions, and certain other adjustments, as appropriate. When
circumstances indicate there may have been a loss in value of an equity method investment, we
evaluate the investment for impairment by estimating our ability to recover the investment from
future expected discounted cash flows. If we determine the loss in value is other than temporary,
we recognize an impairment charge to reflect the investment at fair value.
Student Housing Revenue
Students are required to execute lease contracts with payment schedules that vary from annual
to monthly payments. We recognize revenues on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease
contracts. Generally, each executed contract is required to be accompanied by a signed parental
guaranty. Amounts received in advance of the
8
occupancy period are recorded as deferred revenues and included in other liabilities on the
accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. Service revenue is recognized when earned.
Development, Construction and Management Services
Development and construction service revenue is recognized using the percentage of completion
method, as determined by construction costs incurred relative to total estimated construction
costs. Any changes in significant judgments and/or estimates used in determining construction and
development revenue could significantly change the timing or amount of construction and development
service revenue recognized.
Development and construction service revenue is recognized for contracts with entities we do
not consolidate. For projects where the revenue is based on a fixed price, any cost overruns
incurred during construction, as compared to the original budget, will reduce the net profit
ultimately recognized on those projects. Profit derived from these projects is eliminated to the
extent of the Companys ownership interest in the unconsolidated entity. Any incentive fees, net
of the impact of our ownership interest if the entity is unconsolidated, are recognized when the
project is complete and performance has been agreed upon by all parties, or when performance has
been verified by an independent third party. If total development or construction costs at
completion exceed the fixed price set forth within the related contract, such cost overruns are
recorded as additional investment in the unconsolidated entity.
Management fees, net of elimination to the extent of our ownership interest in an
unconsolidated entity, are recognized when earned in accordance with each management contract for
entities we do not consolidate. Incentive management fees are recognized when the incentive
criteria are met.
Allowance for Doubtful Accounts
Allowances for student receivables are established when management determines that collections
of such receivables are doubtful. Balances are considered past due when payment is not received on
the contractual due date. When management has determined that receivables are uncollectible, they
are written off against the allowance for doubtful accounts.
Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
In certain instances, interest rate cap agreements and interest rate swap agreements are used
to manage floating interest rate exposure with respect to amounts borrowed, or forecasted to be
borrowed, under credit facilities or other debt obligations. These contracts effectively exchange
existing or forecasted obligations to pay interest based on floating rates for obligations to pay
interest based on fixed rates.
All derivative instruments are recognized as either assets or liabilities on the condensed
consolidated balance sheets at their respective fair values. Changes in fair value are recognized
either in earnings or as accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), depending on whether the
derivative has been designated as a fair value or cash flow hedge and whether it qualifies as part
of a hedging relationship, the nature of the exposure being hedged, and how effective the
derivative is at offsetting movements in underlying exposure. The Company discontinues hedge
accounting when: (i) it determines that the derivative is no longer effective in offsetting changes
in the fair value or cash flows of a hedged item; (ii) the derivative expires or is sold,
terminated, or exercised; (iii) it is no longer probable that the forecasted transaction will
occur; or (iv) management determines that designating the derivative as a hedging instrument is no
longer appropriate. In situations in which hedge accounting is not initially designated, or is
discontinued and a derivative remains outstanding, gains and losses related to changes in the fair
value of the derivative instrument are recorded in current period earnings as a component of the
change in fair value of interest rate derivatives line item on the accompanying condensed
consolidated and combined statements of operations. Also included within this line item are any
required monthly settlements on interest rate swaps, as well as all cash settlements paid. The
Companys counterparties are major financial institutions.
9
Fair Value of Financial Instruments
Financial instruments consist primarily of cash, cash equivalents, student receivables,
interest rate caps, interest rate swaps, accounts payable, mortgages, construction loans and lines
of credit. The carrying value of cash, cash equivalents, student receivables and accounts payable
are representative of their respective fair values due to the short-term nature of these
instruments. The estimated fair values of mortgages, construction loans and lines of credit are
determined by comparing current borrowing rates and risk spreads offered in the market to the
stated interest rates and spreads on our current mortgages, construction loans and lines of credit.
The fair values of mortgages, construction loans and lines of credit are disclosed in note 9.
The estimated fair values of interest rate caps and swaps are determined using widely accepted
valuation techniques including discounted cash flow analysis on the expected cash flows of the
derivative. This analysis reflects the contractual terms of the derivative, including the period to
maturity, and uses observable market-based inputs, including interest rate curves, implied
volatilities and the creditworthiness of counterparties.
Fair value guidance for financial assets and liabilities which are recognized and disclosed in
the consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis and nonfinancial assets on a
nonrecurring basis establishes a fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation
techniques used to measure fair value. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to unadjusted
quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (Level 1 measurements) and the
lowest priority to measurements involving significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 measurements).
The three levels of the fair value hierarchy are as follows:
Level 1Observable inputs, such as quoted prices in active markets at the measurement date
for identical, unrestricted assets or liabilities.
Level 2Other inputs that are observable directly or indirectly, such as quoted prices in
markets that are not active or inputs which are observable, either directly or indirectly, for
substantially the full term of the asset or liability.
Level 3Unobservable inputs for which there is little or no market data and which the Company
makes its own assumptions about how market participants would price the asset or liability.
Fair value is defined as the price that would be received when selling an asset or paid to
transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date
(exit price). In instances where inputs used to measure fair value fall into different levels of
the fair value hierarchy, the level in the fair value hierarchy within which the fair value
measurement in its entirety has been determined is based on the lowest level input significant to
the fair value measurement in its entirety. Our assessment of the significance of a particular
input to the fair value measurement in its entirety requires judgment and considers factors
specific to the asset or liability.
Interest rate caps and interest rate swaps measured at fair value at September 30, 2011 and
December 31, 2010 are as follows (amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quoted Prices in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Active Markets for |
|
|
Significant Other |
|
|
Significant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Identical Assets and |
|
|
Observable Inputs |
|
|
Unobservable |
|
|
Balance at |
|
|
|
Liabilities (Level 1) |
|
|
(Level 2) |
|
|
Inputs (Level 3) |
|
|
End of Period |
|
Other assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
2011 Interest
rate caps |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6 |
|
December 31, 2010
Interest rate
caps |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
103 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other liabilities: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30,
2011 Interest
rate swaps |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
(271 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(271 |
) |
December 31, 2010
Interest rate
swaps |
|
$ |
|
|
|
|
(452 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(452 |
) |
10
Commitments and Contingencies
Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation, fines,
penalties and other sources, are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred
and the amount of the assessment can be reasonably estimated. Legal costs incurred in connection
with loss contingencies are expensed as incurred.
Income Taxes
The Company elected to be treated as a REIT under Sections 856 through 859 of the Internal
Revenue Code commencing with the Companys taxable year ended on December 31, 2010. The Companys
qualification as a REIT depends upon its ability to meet on a continuing basis, through actual
investment and operating results, various complex requirements under the Internal Revenue Code
relating to, among other things, the sources of the Companys gross income, the composition and
values of its assets, its distribution levels and the diversity of ownership of its stock. The
Company believes that it is organized in conformity with the requirements for qualification and
taxation as a REIT under the Internal Revenue Code and that the Companys intended manner of
operation will enable it to meet the requirements for qualification and taxation as a REIT.
As a REIT, the Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal and state income tax on
taxable income that it distributes currently to its stockholders. If the Company fails to qualify
as a REIT in any taxable year and does not qualify for certain statutory relief provisions, the
Company will be subject to U.S. federal income tax at regular corporate rates and generally will be
precluded from qualifying as a REIT for the subsequent four taxable years following the year during
which it lost its REIT qualification. Accordingly, our failure to qualify as a REIT could
materially and adversely affect us, including our ability to make distributions to our stockholders
in the future. Even if the Company qualifies as a REIT, we will be subject to some U.S. federal,
state and local taxes on our income or property and the income of our taxable REIT subsidiaries
will be subject to taxation at normal corporate rates.
The Company wholly owns four taxable REIT subsidiary (TRS) entities that manage the
Companys non-REIT activities and each is subject to federal, state and local income and franchise
taxes. Deferred tax assets and liabilities of the TRS entities are recognized based on the
difference between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and
their respective tax basis. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax
rates in effect in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to reverse. For the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, we recorded a federal and state income tax
provision related to our TRS subsidiaries of approximately $0 and $0.2 million, respectively.
The combined entities of the Predecessor were all limited liability companies or limited
partnerships and elected to be taxed as partnerships for federal income tax purposes. As a result,
no provision for income taxes was recorded in the accompanying condensed combined financial
statements of the Predecessor as all income and losses of the Predecessor were allocated to the
owners for inclusion in their respective tax returns.
Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss includes net income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss), which
consists of unrealized gains (losses) on derivative instruments. Comprehensive loss is presented in
the accompanying condensed consolidated statement of changes in equity and comprehensive loss, and
accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) is displayed as a separate component of stockholders
equity.
Share-Based Compensation
The Company awards restricted stock and OP unit awards that vest in equal annual
installments over either a three or five year period. A restricted
stock or restricted OP unit award is an
award of the Companys common stock or OP units that are subject to restrictions on transferability
and other restrictions determined by the Companys compensation committee at the date of grant. A
grant date is established for a restricted stock award or restricted OP unit awards upon approval
from the Companys compensation committee and board of directors. The restrictions may lapse over
a specified period of employment or the satisfaction of pre-established criteria as the Companys
compensation committee may determine. Except to the extent restricted under the award agreement, a
participant awarded restricted shares or restricted OP units has all the rights of a stockholder or OP unit
holder as to these shares or units, including the right to vote the shares and the right to receive
dividends or distributions on the shares or units. The
11
fair value of the award is determined based on the market value of the Companys common stock
on the grant date and is recognized on a straight-line basis over the applicable vesting period for
the entire award with cost recognized at the end of any period being at least equal to the shares
that were then vested. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, approximately
$0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, of compensation expense was recognized in the
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements related to the vesting of restricted stock
and restricted OP units. See note 10.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued new accounting guidance
which eliminates the option to report other comprehensive income (loss) and its components in the
statement of changes in equity. Entities will have the option to present the components of net
income (loss) and other comprehensive income (loss) in either a single continuous statement or two
separate but consecutive statements. This guidance requires retrospective application and is
effective for annual periods, and interim periods contained within those annual periods, beginning
after December 31, 2011. We have not yet decided on the format that will be used in future periods.
The standard will not change the recognition or measurement of net income (loss) or comprehensive
income (loss).
In May 2011, the FASB issued new accounting guidance which provides clarification about how
fair value should be applied where it is used or permitted to be used under U.S. GAAP. This
guidance requires prospective application and is effective for interim and annual periods beginning
after December 15, 2011. We are currently evaluating what impact, if any, its adoption will have on
our consolidated financial statements.
In July 2010, the FASB issued new accounting guidance requiring additional disclosure related
to the credit quality of certain receivables and the allowance for losses. It is effective for our
annual reporting period ending December 31, 2011. We are currently evaluating what impact, if any,
its adoption will have on our consolidated financial statements.
In January 2010, the FASB issued new accounting guidance requiring additional disclosure
related to the fair value of financial instruments. Transfers between the three levels within the
fair value hierarchy, as well as changes in an entitys Level 3 fair value instruments, require
additional disclosure. This guidance was effective for us beginning on January 1, 2011. The
adoption did not have a material impact on our consolidated financial statements.
3. Earnings per Share
Basic earnings per share is computed by dividing net income (loss) attributable to the
Companys common stockholders by the weighted average number of shares of the Companys common
stock outstanding during the period. All unvested share based payment awards are included in the
computation of basic earnings per share. The computation of diluted earnings per share reflects
common shares issuable from the assumed conversion of OP units and restricted OP units and other
potentially dilutive securities in the weighted average shares. Net income attributable to
noncontrolling interests is added back to net income (loss) available to common stockholders in the
computation of diluted earnings per share. Computations of basic and diluted earnings per share are
as follows (in thousands, except share data):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
September 30, 2011 |
|
|
September 30, 2011 |
|
Basic earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
|
(702 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted earnings per share: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to common stockholders |
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
|
(702 |
) |
Add: net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to common shareholders
and participating securities |
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
|
(702 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
12
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three months ended |
|
|
Nine months ended |
|
|
|
September 30, 2011 |
|
|
September 30, 2011 |
|
Weighted average common shares outstanding: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
|
30,724,000 |
|
|
|
30,716,828 |
|
Incremental shares from assumed conversion OP units |
|
|
435,593 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Diluted |
|
|
31,159,593 |
|
|
|
30,716,828 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic and diluted earnings per share: |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
|
(0.02 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
The Company reported a net loss for the nine months ended
September 30, 2011. The effect of the inclusion of all potentially
dilutive securities would be anti-dilutive when computing diluted
earnings per share. Therefore, for the nine months ended September
30, 2011, the computation of both basic and diluted earnings per
share is the same. For the nine months ended September 30, 2011,
435,593 OP units and restricted OP units were not included in the
computation of diluted earnings per share because the effect of
their inclusion would be anti-dilutive. |
At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, accrued dividends and OP unit distributions
of approximately $5.0 million and $4.0 million, respectively, are recorded as a component of the
accounts payable and accrued expenses line item on the Companys condensed consolidated balance
sheets.
4. Student Housing Properties
Student housing properties, net, consisted of the following (amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Land |
|
$ |
33,847 |
|
|
|
26,369 |
|
Buildings and improvements |
|
|
384,356 |
|
|
|
304,447 |
|
Furniture, fixtures and equipment |
|
|
43,130 |
|
|
|
41,930 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
461,333 |
|
|
|
372,746 |
|
Accumulated depreciation |
|
|
(71,417 |
) |
|
|
(57,463 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
389,916 |
|
|
|
315,283 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5. Noncontrolling Interests
Company Noncontrolling Interests Operating Partnership Units
Certain limited partners in the Operating Partnership, which total approximately 1.5% of the
limited partnership interest in the Operating Partnership, hold their ownership units through
entities which are not affiliates or subsidiaries of the Company. OP units are exchangeable into
cash or, at the Companys election, an equal number of shares of the Companys common stock. OP
units have the same economic characteristics as shares of the Companys common stock, as they
effectively participate equally in the net income and distributions of the Operating Partnership.
The holders of OP Units have the right to require the Operating Partnership to redeem part or
all of the OP Units for cash based upon the fair market value of an equivalent number of shares of
the Companys common stock at the time of redemption. However, the Company may, in its sole
discretion, elect to redeem the OP Units in exchange for common stock. Based on this assessment,
which includes the evaluation of terms in the agreements related to redemption provisions, the
Company has classified these noncontrolling interests as a component of permanent equity on the
accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets. The share of net income (loss) allocated to
these OP units is reported on the accompanying condensed consolidated statements of operations for
the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 as net income (loss) attributable to
noncontrolling interests. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, no OP units were
redeemed.
13
Predecessor Noncontrolling Interests Third-Party Venture Partners
Prior to completion of the Offering, the Predecessor combined real estate ventures which
wholly owned 20 operating student housing properties. Each of these real estate ventures had
third-party partners other than the Predecessor or its affiliates. The third-party owners share
of the income or loss of the entities is reported on the accompanying condensed combined statements
of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010 as net loss attributable to
noncontrolling interests.
6. Property Acquisition
On October 19, 2010, we acquired from Harrison Street Real Estate, a real estate private
equity firm (HSRE), the remaining interest in Campus Crest at San Marcos, LLC, which owns The
Grove at San Marcos. Prior to this transaction, The Grove at San Marcos was wholly owned by a real
estate venture, HSRE-Campus Crest I, LLC, in which the Company and HSRE are members and had 10% and
90% member interests, respectively (see note 8). Prior to the acquisition of this interest, the
Company accounted for its ownership interest in The Grove at San Marcos under the equity method of
accounting. Subsequent to its acquisition of this interest, the Company consolidated the results of
operations of The Grove at San Marcos. In connection with the accounting for its purchase of the
remaining interest in the property, the Company recorded a gain of approximately $0.6 million
during the period from October 19, 2010 through December 31, 2010 related to the remeasurement of
its previously held equity interest in The Grove at San Marcos at the acquisition date.
7. Sales of Interests in Properties and Real Estate Ventures
In November 2009, we sold 90% of our interest in The Grove at Milledgeville to an affiliate of
HSRE. We received proceeds from the sale of approximately $3.9 million. Concurrent with the
Offering and Formation Transactions, the Company repurchased the 90% interest in The Grove at
Milledgeville, with the result that the Company owned 100% of The Grove at Milledgeville on October
19, 2010. Because of our continuing involvement in this asset and because this transaction had
financing elements, we did not record this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes.
The proceeds were recorded as a loan and the Predecessor continued to combine the balance sheet and
results of operations of Campus Crest at Milledgeville, LLC, the entity which owns the property,
through October 18, 2010. The difference between the sale proceeds and contracted repurchase price
was accreted and recorded as interest expense in the Predecessors condensed combined statement of
operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, interest expense related to
this transaction totaled approximately $0.5 million and $1.5 million, respectively.
In March 2010, we sold 99% of our interest in HSRE-Campus Crest I, LLC, which represented a
9.9% interest in the underlying venture, to an affiliate of HSRE. Total proceeds received were
approximately $2.25 million. Concurrent with the Offering and Formation Transactions, the Company
repurchased the 9.9% interest in HSRE-Campus Crest I, LLC. As a result, the transaction was
accounted for as a financing. The difference between the proceeds received and the contracted
repurchase amount was accreted and recorded as interest expense in the Predecessors condensed
combined statement of operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, interest
expense related to this transaction totaled approximately $0.4 million and $0.8 million,
respectively.
In September 2010, we sold 99.9% of our interest in The Grove at Carrollton to an affiliate of
HSRE. We received proceeds from the sale of approximately $0.8 million. Concurrent with the
Offering and Formation Transactions, the Company repurchased the 99.9% interest in The Grove at
Carrollton, with the result that the Company owned 100% of The Grove at Carrollton on October 19,
2010. Because of our continuing involvement in this asset and because the transaction had financing
elements, we did not record this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes. The
proceeds were recorded as a loan and the Predecessor continued to combine the balance sheet and
results of operations of Campus Crest at Carrollton, LLC, the entity which owns the property,
through October 18, 2010. The difference between the sale proceeds and contracted repurchase price
was accreted and recorded as interest expense in the Predecessors condensed combined statement of
operations. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, interest expense related to
this transaction totaled approximately $0.2 million.
14
8. Investment in Unconsolidated Entities
At September 30, 2011, we have investments in two real estate venture entities with HSRE. The
first real estate venture, HSRE-Campus Crest I, LLC (HSRE I), is not consolidated by the Company.
At September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, this entity, in which our investment is accounted for
under the equity method, owned six student housing properties. Three of these properties, The Grove
at Lawrence, The Grove at Moscow and The Grove at San Angelo, opened in 2009. The remaining three
properties, The Grove at Huntsville, The Grove at Conway and The Grove at Statesboro opened in
2010. We held a 49.9% noncontrolling interest in this unconsolidated entity at September 30, 2011
and December 31, 2010. Prior to the Offering and Formation Transactions, we held a 10%
noncontrolling interest in this venture. As discussed in note 6, also prior to the Offering, the
HSRE I venture owned an additional student housing property, The Grove at San Marcos. The Company
acquired the remaining ownership interest in this property, which opened in 2009, concurrent with
the Offering and Formation Transactions.
The second real estate venture, HSRE-Campus Crest IV, LLC (HSRE IV), was entered into in
January 2011. HSRE will contribute up to $50 million to the venture, which develops and operates
additional purpose-built student housing properties. The Companys investment in this real estate
venture is accounted for under the equity method. We own a 20% noncontrolling interest in this
unconsolidated entity at September 30, 2011. HSRE IV opened two student housing properties in
August 2011, The Grove at Denton and The Grove at Valdosta. The Company made contributions to HSRE
IV of approximately $3.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2011, consisting of
cash and assigned interests in Campus Crest at Denton, LP and Campus Crest at Valdosta, LLC.
We recorded equity in loss from these ventures of approximately $0.3 million and $0.1 million
for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximately $0.9
million and $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. In
addition to acting as the operating member for these ventures, the Company and its Predecessor are
entitled to receive fees for providing development and construction services (as applicable) and
management services to the ventures. The Company earned approximately $4.8 million and $4.3 million
in fees for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and approximately
$26.4 million and $35.1 million in fees for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010,
respectively, for services provided to the ventures. The development, construction and management
service fees from these unconsolidated entities are reflected in the development, construction and
management services line item in the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined statements of
operations.
The Company is the guarantor of the construction debt of these ventures, which totaled
approximately $110.8 million and $83.2 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010,
respectively. The ventures construction debt matures at various dates during 2012 and 2013.
Condensed combined financial information for unconsolidated entities as of September 30, 2011
and December 31, 2010 and for the three and nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010
are as follows (amounts in thousands):
Balance Sheets
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Assets: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student housing properties, net |
|
$ |
154,292 |
|
|
|
112,224 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
6,394 |
|
|
|
5,444 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
160,686 |
|
|
|
117,668 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities and owners equity: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction debt |
|
$ |
110,844 |
|
|
|
83,222 |
|
Other liabilities |
|
|
10,514 |
|
|
|
5,117 |
|
Owners equity |
|
|
39,328 |
|
|
|
29,329 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities and owners equity |
|
$ |
160,686 |
|
|
|
117,668 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Share of historical owners equity |
|
$ |
13,424 |
|
|
|
12,479 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Preferred investment (1, 2) |
|
|
6,839 |
|
|
|
4,781 |
|
Net difference in carrying value of investment versus
net book value of underlying net assets (3) |
|
|
(3,512 |
) |
|
|
(3,509 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carrying value of investment in unconsolidated entities |
|
$ |
16,751 |
|
|
|
13,751 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
As of September 30, 2011, the Company has a Class B member
interest in The Grove at Valdosta of approximately $1.1 million.
This preferred interest entitles the Company to a 9.0% return on
its investment but otherwise does not change the Companys
effective 20% ownership interest in this entity or operating
property. |
|
(2) |
|
As of September 30, 2011, the Company has a Class B member
interest in both The Grove at San Angelo and The Grove at Moscow
of approximately $2.8 million and $3.0 million, respectively. As
of December 31, 2010, the Company had a Class B member interest in
both The Grove at San Angelo and The Grove at Moscow of
approximately $2.3 million and $2.5 million, respectively. These
preferred interests entitle the Company to a 9.0% return on its
investment but otherwise do not change the Companys effective
49.9% ownership interest in these entities or operating
properties. |
|
(3) |
|
This amount represents the aggregate difference between our
historical cost basis and the basis reflected at the entity (i.e.,
venture) level, which is typically amortized over the life of the
related asset. The basis differential occurs primarily due to the
difference between the allocated value to acquired entity
interests and the ventures basis in those interests, the
capitalization of additional investment in the unconsolidated
entities, and the elimination of profit earned by us from services
provided to these entities to the extent of our percentage
ownership. |
Statements of Operations
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Revenues |
|
$ |
5,038 |
|
|
|
3,716 |
|
|
|
12,547 |
|
|
|
7,827 |
|
Expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
2,541 |
|
|
|
1,729 |
|
|
|
6,662 |
|
|
|
4,401 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
1,867 |
|
|
|
1,201 |
|
|
|
4,811 |
|
|
|
3,094 |
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
1,348 |
|
|
|
1,122 |
|
|
|
3,586 |
|
|
|
2,711 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total expenses |
|
|
5,756 |
|
|
|
4,052 |
|
|
|
15,059 |
|
|
|
10,206 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(718 |
) |
|
|
(336 |
) |
|
|
(2,512 |
) |
|
|
(2,379 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Companys and Predecessors share of net loss (1) |
|
$ |
(309 |
) |
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
(944 |
) |
|
|
(243 |
) |
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Amount differs from net loss multiplied by the Companys ownership
percentage due to the amortization of the aggregate difference
between our historical cost basis and our basis reflected at the
entity (i.e., venture) level. |
9. Debt
A detail of our mortgage loans, construction loans and lines of credit is presented below
(amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Fixed-rate mortgage loans |
|
$ |
109,358 |
|
|
|
60,840 |
|
Construction loans |
|
|
39,820 |
|
|
|
|
|
Lines of credit and other debt |
|
|
43,552 |
|
|
|
42,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
192,730 |
|
|
|
103,340 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16
During the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the following transactions
occurred (amounts in thousands):
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Balance at beginning of period |
|
$ |
103,340 |
|
|
|
343,172 |
|
Additions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Draws on lines of credit |
|
|
44,500 |
|
|
|
2,540 |
|
Draws under construction loans |
|
|
39,820 |
|
|
|
498 |
|
Proceeds from mortgage loans |
|
|
48,518 |
|
|
|
|
|
Proceeds from related party loan (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,020 |
|
Accretion of interest expense (1) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,481 |
|
Assumption of bonds |
|
|
2,552 |
|
|
|
|
|
Deductions: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments on lines of credit |
|
|
(46,000 |
) |
|
|
(48 |
) |
Payments on construction loans |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(338 |
) |
Payments on related party loan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(80 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at end of period |
|
$ |
192,730 |
|
|
|
352,245 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Relates to sale of 90% of our interest in Campus Crest at
Milledgeville, LLC, sale of 99% of our interest in HSRE I, and
sale of 99.9% of our interest in Campus Crest at Carrollton, LLC.
See note 7. |
The estimated fair value of our mortgage and construction loans at September 30, 2011 and
December 31, 2010 was approximately $154.9 million and approximately $62.9 million, respectively.
Estimated fair values are determined by comparing current borrowing rates and risk spreads to the
stated interest rates and risk spreads (Level 2 fair value
measurement). The estimated fair value of our revolving line of credit
approximates the outstanding balance due to the frequent market based repricing of the underlying
variable rate index.
Mortgage and construction loans are collateralized by properties and their related revenue
streams. Mortgage and construction loans at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 consisted of
the following (dollar amounts in thousands):
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Principal |
|
|
Principal |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Outstanding |
|
|
Outstanding |
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|
Stated |
|
|
Rate at |
|
|
Rate at |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Face |
|
|
at September |
|
|
December |
|
|
Interest |
|
|
September |
|
|
December |
|
|
Maturity |
|
|
Amor- |
|
|
|
Amount |
|
|
30, 2011 |
|
|
31, 2010 |
|
|
Rate |
|
|
30, 2011 |
|
|
31, 2010 |
|
|
Date |
|
|
tization |
|
Mortgage loans |
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|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
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|
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|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Grove at Nacogdoches |
|
$ |
17,160 |
|
|
|
17,160 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.01 |
% |
|
|
5.01 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
9/1/18 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Ellensburg |
|
|
16,125 |
|
|
|
16,125 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.10 |
% |
|
|
5.10 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
9/1/18 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Greeley |
|
|
15,233 |
|
|
|
15,233 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4.29 |
% |
|
|
4.29 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
10/1/18 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Asheville |
|
|
14,800 |
|
|
|
14,800 |
|
|
|
14,800 |
|
|
|
5.77 |
% |
|
|
5.77 |
% |
|
|
5.77 |
% |
|
|
4/11/17 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Carrollton |
|
|
14,650 |
|
|
|
14,650 |
|
|
|
14,650 |
|
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
10/11/16 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Las Cruces |
|
|
15,140 |
|
|
|
15,140 |
|
|
|
15,140 |
|
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
6.13 |
% |
|
|
10/11/16 |
|
|
30 years |
The Grove at Milledgeville |
|
|
16,250 |
|
|
|
16,250 |
|
|
|
16,250 |
|
|
|
6.12 |
% |
|
|
6.12 |
% |
|
|
6.12 |
% |
|
|
10/1/16 |
|
|
30 years |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction loans |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Construction loan (three properties) (1) |
|
|
37,523 |
|
|
|
26,414 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIBOR
+ 4.75% |
|
|
4.97 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
11/19/13 |
|
|
|
Interest only through 11/2012 |
|
The Grove at Columbia |
|
|
17,046 |
|
|
|
13,406 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Greater
of LIBOR
+ 3.00%
or 4.50% |
|
|
4.50 |
% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
3/4/14 |
|
|
|
Interest only through 4/2013 |
The Grove at Auburn |
|
|
16,294 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIBOR + 2.95% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
7/22/14 |
|
|
Interest only |
The Grove at Orono |
|
|
15,206 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
LIBOR
+ 2.75% |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
6/30/14 |
|
|
Interest only |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
195,427 |
|
|
|
149,178 |
|
|
|
60,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
(1) |
|
Secured by The Grove at Ames, The Grove Clarksville and The Grove
at Fort Wayne. At September 30, 2011, approximately $17.2 million
of the loan balance was hedged with a floating to fixed interest
rate swap, which when taken together with the loan interest, fixed
this portion of the loans interest rate at 6.14%. |
17
Mortgage Loans
The mortgage loans for The Grove at Ellensburg and The Grove at Nacogdoches closed in August
2011. The mortgage loan for The Grove at Greeley closed in September 2011. These three loans
require interest only payments, plus certain reserves and escrows, that are payable monthly through
September 2013. Monthly payments of principal and interest, plus certain reserve and escrows, are
due thereafter until maturity when all principal is due. Each of these loans has a 30-year
amortization and is a non-recourse obligation subject to customary exceptions. None of these loans
are cross-defaulted or cross-collateralized with any other indebtedness. These loans generally may
not be prepaid prior to maturity; in certain cases, prepayment is allowed subject to prepayment
penalties.
The mortgage loans for The Grove at Asheville, The Grove at Carrollton, The Grove at Las
Cruces and The Grove at Milledgeville generally require interest only payments, plus certain
reserves and escrows, that are payable monthly for a period of five years. Monthly payments of
principal and interest, plus certain reserve and escrow amounts, are due thereafter until maturity
when all principal is due. Each of these loans has a 30-year amortization and is a non-recourse
obligation subject to customary exceptions. None of these loans are cross-defaulted or
cross-collateralized with any other indebtedness. The loans generally may not be prepaid prior to
maturity; in certain cases, prepayment is allowed, subject to prepayment penalties.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Predecessor was party to an
additional mortgage loan which was outstanding. This loan had a principal amount of approximately
$104.0 million, was secured by six properties, had a fixed interest rate of 6.40% and had interest
only payments with a balloon maturity date of February 28, 2013. This mortgage loan was repaid in
full on October 19, 2010, upon completion of the Offering.
Construction Loans
On July 22, 2011, Campus Crest at Auburn, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with Compass Bank pursuant to which Compass Bank agreed to provide
Campus Crest at Auburn, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing capacity of approximately
$16.3 million. The construction loan will be used to finance the development of a student housing
property in Auburn, Alabama. The construction loan matures on July 22, 2014, but can be extended
until October 22, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on the construction loan
is LIBOR plus 2.95%. The construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties,
covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are
customary for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, no amounts were outstanding under this
loan.
On June 30, 2011, Campus Crest at Orono, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with TD Bank, N.A. pursuant to which TD Bank agreed to provide Campus
Crest at Orono, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing capacity of approximately $15.2
million. The construction loan will be used to finance the development of a student housing
property in Orono, Maine. The construction loan matures on June 30, 2014, but can be extended until
December 31, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on the construction loan is
LIBOR plus 2.75%. The construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties,
18
covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are customary
for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, no amounts were outstanding under this loan.
On March 4, 2011, Campus Crest at Columbia, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with BOKF, NA (d/b/a Bank of Oklahoma), pursuant to which Bank of
Oklahoma agreed to provide Campus Crest at Columbia, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing
capacity of approximately $17.0 million. The construction loan was used to finance the development
of a student housing property in Columbia, Missouri. The construction loan matures on March 4,
2014, but can be extended until March 4, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on
the construction loan is the greater of (i) LIBOR plus 3.0%, or (ii) 4.5%. Loan payments are
interest only through April 2013. The construction loan agreement contains representations,
warranties, covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other
terms that are customary for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, approximately $13.4
million was outstanding under this loan.
On November 19, 2010, the Company entered into a construction loan with The PrivateBank and
Trust Company to finance the development of student housing properties in each of Ames, Iowa,
Clarksville, Tennessee and Fort Wayne, Indiana. The construction loan initially matures on November
19, 2013, but can be extended until November 19, 2014, subject to certain conditions. The interest
rate is LIBOR plus 4.75% and the construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties,
covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are
customary for construction financing. Loan payments are interest only through November 2012. The
amount available under the construction loan totals approximately $37.5 million. At September 30,
2011 and December 31, 2010, approximately $26.4 million and $0 were outstanding under this loan,
respectively.
During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010, the Predecessor was a party to two
construction loans which were outstanding. The first construction loan had an outstanding
principal amount of approximately $148.9 million, was secured by nine properties, had an interest
rate of LIBOR plus 1.80% (when taken together with an interest rate swap, fixed the loans
rate at 6.0%) and had interest only payments with a balloon maturity date of October 31, 2010. The
second construction loan had an outstanding principal amount of approximately $15.8 million, was
secured by one property, had an interest rate equal to the greater of LIBOR plus 3.0% or 5.5% and
had a maturity date of October 31, 2010. Both construction loans were repaid in full on October 19,
2010 upon completion of the Offering.
Lines of Credit
On October 19, 2010, the Company closed a credit agreement (our revolving credit facility)
with Citibank, N.A. and certain other parties thereto relating to a three-year, $125 million senior
secured revolving credit facility. This facility was secured by 13 of our wholly owned properties.
On August 17, 2011, the Company and its lenders amended the revolving credit facility. As a
result of the amendment, the credit facility was increased to $150 million and its interest rate
was adjusted, the result of which decreased the spread over the elected floating interest rate.
Additionally, the revolving credit facility, which was formerly secured, became unsecured and now
matures on August 17, 2014, subject to a one-year extension option the Company may exercise at its
option, pursuant to certain terms and conditions.
As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, approximately $41.0 million and $42.5 million
was outstanding under our revolving credit facility, respectively. At September 30, 2011, the
Company had approximately $71.8 million of borrowing capacity under this facility. Borrowings under
our revolving credit facility were used to repay indebtedness which existed prior to the Offering
or were used to finance our required equity contribution for projects built and opened for the
2011-2012 academic year or for projects expected to be built and open for future academic years.
The amount available for us to borrow under this credit facility is based on the lesser of (i)
60.0% of the as is appraised value of our properties that form the borrowing base of the
facility, and (ii) the amount that would create a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.50
: 1.00.
Our revolving credit facility has an accordion feature that allows us to request an increase
in the total commitments of an additional $175 million up to a total commitment of $325 million.
Amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility bear interest at a floating rate equal to,
at our election, the Eurodollar Rate or the Base Rate (each as defined in the revolving credit
facility) plus a spread. The spread depends upon our leverage ratio and
19
ranges from 1.75% to 2.50% for Eurodollar Rate based borrowings and from 0.75% to 1.50% for Base Rate based borrowings. At
September 30, 2011, the interest rate on the revolving credit
facility was 1.97%.
Our ability to borrow under our revolving credit facility is subject to our ongoing compliance
with a number of customary financial covenants, including:
|
|
|
a maximum leverage ratio of 0.60 : 1.00; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.50 : 1.00; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum ratio of fixed rate debt and debt subject to hedge agreements to total debt of 66.67%; |
|
|
|
|
a maximum secured recourse debt ratio of 20%; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum tangible net worth of not less than the sum of approximately $227.1 million plus an
amount equal to 75% of the net proceeds of any additional equity issuances; and
|
|
|
|
|
a maximum secured debt ratio of not greater than 50% through February 17, 2013, and not
greater than 45% on any date thereafter. |
Under our revolving credit facility, our distributions may not exceed the greater of (i) 95.0%
of our Funds From Operations (FFO) or (ii) the amount required for us to qualify and maintain our
status as a REIT. If a default or event of default occurs and is continuing, we may be precluded
from making certain distributions (other than those required to allow us to qualify and maintain
our status as a REIT).
We and certain of our subsidiaries guarantee the obligations under our revolving credit
facility and we and certain of our subsidiaries have provided a negative pledge against specified
assets (including real property), stock and other interests. At September 30, 2011, we were in
compliance with the above financial covenants with respect to our revolving credit facility.
10. Incentive Plans
The Company has adopted the 2010 Equity Incentive Compensation Plan (the Plan). The Plan
permits the grant of incentive awards to executive officers, employees, consultants and
non-employee directors of the Company. The aggregate number of awards approved under the Plan is
2,500,000. As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, 1,953,612 shares and 2,002,236 shares,
respectively, were available for issuance under the plan.
Restricted Stock Awards
Awards to executive officers and employees of the Company vest over a three year period and
are subject to restriction based upon employment in good standing with the Company. Awards to
non-employee directors of the Company vest over a five year period and are subject to restriction
based upon continued service on the Board of Directors of the Company.
At September 30, 2011, unearned compensation totaled approximately $1.0 million, and will be
recorded as expense over the applicable vesting period of three to five years. During the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2011, stock compensation expense of approximately $0.1 million and
$0.3 million, respectively, was recognized as general and administrative expense in the
accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements related to the vesting of restricted
stock.
Restricted OP Units
At September 30, 2011, unearned compensation totaled approximately $1.3 million, and will be
recorded over the applicable vesting period of three years. During the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2011, approximately $0.2 million and $0.5 million, respectively, of compensation cost
was recognized in the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements relating to the
vesting of restricted OP units.
20
A summary of incentive plan activity as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 is
as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
Restricted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted Average |
|
|
|
Restricted OP |
|
|
Common |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Grant Date Fair |
|
|
|
Units |
|
|
Shares |
|
|
Total |
|
|
Value |
|
Nonvested balances at December 31, 2010 |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
98,882 |
|
|
|
248,882 |
|
|
$ |
12.50 |
|
Granted |
|
|
|
|
|
|
25,725 |
|
|
|
25,725 |
|
|
$ |
11.32 |
|
Forfeited |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,413 |
) |
|
|
(1,413 |
) |
|
$ |
12.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nonvested balances at September 30, 2011 |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
123,194 |
|
|
|
273,194 |
|
|
$ |
12.39 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11. Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities
We use, and expect to continue to use, significant variable rate debt to finance our
construction of student housing properties. These debt obligations expose us to variability in cash
flows due to fluctuations in interest rates. Management enters into derivative contracts to limit
variability for a portion of our interest payments and to manage exposure to interest rate risk. We
use derivative financial instruments, specifically interest rate caps and interest rate swaps, for
non-trading purposes.
As of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, the fair value of derivative contracts is
recorded within other assets and other liabilities in the accompanying condensed consolidated
balance sheets. The effective portion of changes in fair value of derivatives designated and that
qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) and is
subsequently reclassified to earnings in the period that the hedged forecasted transaction affects
earnings. The ineffective portion of changes in fair value of derivatives designated and that
qualify as cash flow hedges is recorded in earnings. If a derivative is either not designated as a
hedge or if hedge accounting is discontinued, all changes in fair value of the derivative are
recorded in earnings.
The fair value of interest rate swaps is determined using the market standard methodology of
netting the discounted future fixed cash receipts (or payments) and the discounted expected
variable cash payments (or receipts). The variable cash payments (or receipts) are based on an
expectation of future interest rates (forward curves) derived from observable market interest rate
curves. We incorporate credit valuation adjustments to appropriately reflect our own nonperformance
risk and the respective counterpartys nonperformance risk in the fair value measurements. In
adjusting the fair value of derivative contracts for the effect of nonperformance risk, we consider
the impact of netting and any applicable credit enhancements, such as collateral postings,
thresholds and guarantees. We consider such nonperformance risk insignificant to the overall
determination of fair value.
The following table is a summary of the terms, estimated fair values and classification on the
condensed consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010 of the
interest rate derivative contracts we were a party to at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010
(dollar amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest Rate |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Estimated Fair |
|
|
|
|
Derivative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Value at September |
|
|
Estimated Fair Value at |
|
Instrument |
|
Hedged Item |
|
|
Notional Amount |
|
|
Fixed Interest Rate |
|
|
Maturity Date |
|
|
30, 2011 |
|
|
December 31, 2010 |
|
Cap (1) |
|
30-day LIBOR |
|
$ |
44,000 |
|
|
|
2.50 |
% |
|
January 2011 |
|
$ |
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
Swap (2) |
|
30-day LIBOR |
|
$ |
25,488 |
|
|
|
3.44 |
% |
|
May 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
(337 |
) |
Cap (2) |
|
30-day LIBOR |
|
$ |
56,000 |
|
|
|
2.50 |
% |
|
June 2012 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
Cap (1) |
|
30-day LIBOR |
|
$ |
17,198 |
(3) |
|
|
1.25 |
% |
|
April 2013 |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
103 |
|
Swap (1) |
|
30-day LIBOR |
|
$ |
17,198 |
(3) |
|
|
1.39 |
% |
|
April 2013 |
|
|
(271 |
) |
|
|
(115 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(265 |
) |
|
|
(349 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Designated as a cash flow hedge. |
|
(2) |
|
Not designated as a hedging instrument. |
|
(3) |
|
Notional amount increases to $18,701 over the life of the derivative contract. |
21
The table below reflects the effect of interest rate derivative instruments on the
condensed consolidated and combined statements of operations for the three and nine months ended
September 30, 2011 and 2010 (amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Location of Gain (Loss) |
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
Recognized on Statements |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
of Operations |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Interest rate swaps (receive
float/pay fixed): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monthly net settlements cash settled |
|
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
$ |
(22 |
) |
|
|
(1,367 |
) |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
(4,081 |
) |
Mark to market adjustments non-cash |
|
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
|
|
|
|
|
1,545 |
|
|
|
337 |
|
|
|
4,437 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total effect of derivative
instruments on the combined statements
of operations |
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
(22 |
) |
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, approximately $0.1 million and
$0.3 million, respectively, was recognized as other comprehensive loss related to the effective
portion of the change in fair value of interest rate derivatives designated as cash flow hedges.
12. Segments
The operating segments in which management assesses performance and allocates resources are
student housing operations and development, construction and management services. Our segments
reflect managements resource allocation and performance assessment in making decisions regarding
the Company. Our student housing rental and student housing services revenues are aggregated within
the student housing operations segment and our third-party services of development, construction
and management are aggregated within the development, construction and management services segment.
The following tables set forth our segment information as of and for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 (amounts in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Student Housing Operations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from external customers |
|
$ |
15,569 |
|
|
|
12,623 |
|
|
|
42,716 |
|
|
|
38,211 |
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
12,323 |
|
|
|
11,609 |
|
|
|
35,497 |
|
|
|
35,347 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
3,246 |
|
|
|
1,014 |
|
|
|
7,219 |
|
|
|
2,864 |
|
Nonoperating expenses |
|
|
(1,503 |
) |
|
|
(3,973 |
) |
|
|
(3,043 |
) |
|
|
(11,691 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
1,743 |
|
|
|
(2,959 |
) |
|
|
4,176 |
|
|
|
(8,827 |
) |
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
18 |
|
|
|
(2,264 |
) |
|
|
42 |
|
|
|
(7,290 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to stockholders and owner |
|
$ |
1,725 |
|
|
|
(695 |
) |
|
|
4,134 |
|
|
|
(1,537 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
$ |
4,809 |
|
|
|
4,442 |
|
|
|
15,054 |
|
|
|
13,722 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment assets at end of period |
|
$ |
436,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
436,280 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Development, Construction and Management Services: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues from external customers |
|
$ |
4,827 |
|
|
$ |
4,256 |
|
|
$ |
26,444 |
|
|
$ |
35,121 |
|
Intersegment revenues |
|
|
28,330 |
|
|
|
1,075 |
|
|
|
80,245 |
|
|
|
5,722 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
33,157 |
|
|
|
5,331 |
|
|
|
106,689 |
|
|
|
40,843 |
|
Operating expenses |
|
|
31,055 |
|
|
|
4,818 |
|
|
|
99,133 |
|
|
|
36,907 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
2,102 |
|
|
|
513 |
|
|
|
7,556 |
|
|
|
3,936 |
|
22
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Nonoperating expenses |
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(250 |
) |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income |
|
|
2,087 |
|
|
|
530 |
|
|
|
7,306 |
|
|
|
3,922 |
|
Net income attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
73 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to stockholders and owner |
|
$ |
2,066 |
|
|
|
530 |
|
|
|
7,233 |
|
|
|
3,922 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Depreciation and amortization |
|
$ |
21 |
|
|
|
98 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment assets at end of period |
|
$ |
13,954 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13,954 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Reconciliations: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment revenues |
|
$ |
48,726 |
|
|
$ |
17,954 |
|
|
|
149,405 |
|
|
$ |
79,054 |
|
Elimination of intersegment revenues |
|
|
(28,330 |
) |
|
|
(1,075 |
) |
|
|
(80,245 |
) |
|
|
(5,722 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total combined revenues |
|
$ |
20,396 |
|
|
$ |
16,879 |
|
|
|
69,160 |
|
|
$ |
73,332 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment operating income |
|
$ |
5,348 |
|
|
|
1,527 |
|
|
|
14,775 |
|
|
|
6,800 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(1,922 |
) |
|
|
(6,708 |
) |
|
|
(4,657 |
) |
|
|
(17,395 |
) |
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
Net unallocated expenses and eliminations |
|
|
(2,785 |
) |
|
|
(1,251 |
) |
|
|
(10,248 |
) |
|
|
(4,156 |
) |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities |
|
|
(309 |
) |
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
(944 |
) |
|
|
(243 |
) |
Other income |
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
Income tax provision |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(214 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
|
(6,302 |
) |
|
|
(701 |
) |
|
|
(14,593 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total segment assets |
|
$ |
450,234 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
450,234 |
|
|
|
|
|
Unallocated corporate assets and eliminations |
|
|
16,610 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,610 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
$ |
466,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
466,844 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
13. Commitments and Contingencies
Commitments
In the normal course of business, we enter into various development and construction related
purchase commitments with parties that provide development and construction related goods and
services. In the event we were to terminate development or construction services prior to the
completion of projects, we could potentially be committed to satisfy outstanding or uncompleted
purchase orders with such parties. At September 30, 2011, management does not anticipate any
material deviations from schedule or budget related to development projects currently in progress.
In the ordinary course of business, certain liens related to the construction of student
housing real estate property may be attached to the assets of the Company by contractors or
suppliers. We are responsible as the general contractor for resolving these liens. There can be no
assurance that we will not be required to pay amounts greater than currently recorded liabilities
to settle these claims.
Contingencies
In the normal course of business, we are subject to claims, lawsuits and legal proceedings.
While it is not possible to ascertain the ultimate outcome of all such matters, management believes
that the aggregate amount of such liabilities, if any, in excess of amounts provided or covered by
insurance, will not have a material adverse effect on the consolidated financial position or
consolidated results of operations of the Company. We are not involved in any material litigation
nor, to managements knowledge, is any material litigation currently threatened against us or our
properties or subsidiaries, other than routine litigation arising in the ordinary course of
business.
We are not aware of any environmental liability with respect to the properties that could have
a material adverse effect on our business, assets or results of operations. However, there can be
no assurance that such a
23
material environmental liability does not exist. The existence of any such material
environmental liability could have an adverse effect on our results of operations and cash flows.
14. Subsequent Event
On
October 31, 2011, we entered into a joint venture with HSRE,
HSRE-Campus Crest V, LLC (HSRE V), that will develop and operate additional purpose-built student housing
properties. We own a 10% interest in this venture and affiliates of HSRE own the balance.
24
Item 2. Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
As used herein, references to the Company, we, us and our with respect to the period
before consummation of the initial public offering of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. on October 19,
2010, refer to the business of Campus Crest Communities, Inc.s predecessor entities through which
Campus Crest Group, LLC carried out the development, construction, ownership and management of the
properties that Campus Crest Communities, Inc. acquired upon completion of our Offering and the
Formation Transactions.
Forward-looking Statements
This report contains certain forward-looking statements that are subject to risks and
uncertainties. Forward-looking statements are generally identifiable by use of forward-looking
terminology such as may, will, should, potential, intend, expect, seek, anticipate,
estimate, approximately, believe, could, project, predict, continue, plan or other
similar words or expressions. Forward-looking statements are based on certain assumptions, discuss
future expectations, describe future plans and strategies, contain financial and operating
projections or state other forward-looking information. Our ability to predict results or the
actual effect of future events, actions, plans or strategies is inherently uncertain. Although we
believe that the expectations reflected in such forward-looking statements are based on reasonable
assumptions, our actual results and performance could differ materially from those set forth in, or
implied by, the forward-looking statements. Factors that could materially and adversely affect us
include but are not limited to:
|
|
|
the factors discussed in our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year
ended December 31, 2010, including those set forth under Risk Factors in Item 1A; |
|
|
|
|
the performance of the student housing industry in general; |
|
|
|
|
decreased occupancy or rental rates at our properties resulting from competition
or otherwise; |
|
|
|
|
the operating performance of our properties; |
|
|
|
|
the success of our development and construction activities; |
|
|
|
|
changes on the admissions or housing policies of the colleges and universities
from which we draw student-tenants; |
|
|
|
|
the availability of and our ability to attract and retain qualified personnel; |
|
|
|
|
changes in our business and growth strategies and in our ability to consummate
additional joint venture transactions; |
|
|
|
|
our capitalization and leverage level; |
|
|
|
|
our capital expenditures; |
|
|
|
|
the degree and nature of our competition, in terms of developing properties,
consummating acquisitions and in obtaining student-tenants to fill our properties; |
|
|
|
|
volatility in the real estate industry, interest rates and spreads, the debt or
equity markets, the economy generally or the local markets in which our properties
are located, whether the result of market events or otherwise; |
|
|
|
|
events or circumstances which undermine confidence in the financial markets or
otherwise have a broad impact on financial markets, such as the sudden instability or
collapse of large financial institutions or other significant corporations, terrorist attacks, natural or man-made
disasters or threatened or actual armed conflicts; |
25
|
|
|
the availability and terms of short-term and long-term financing, including
financing for development and construction activities; |
|
|
|
|
the availability of attractive development and/or acquisition opportunities in
properties that satisfy our investment criteria, including our ability to identify
and consummate successful property developments and property acquisitions; |
|
|
|
|
the credit quality of our student-tenants and parental guarantors; |
|
|
|
|
changes in personnel, including the departure of key members of our senior
management, and lack of availability of qualified personnel; |
|
|
|
|
unanticipated increases in financing and other costs, including a rise in interest
rates; |
|
|
|
|
estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the
future and our expectations as to the form of any such distributions; |
|
|
|
|
environmental costs, uncertainties and risks, especially those related to natural
disasters; |
|
|
|
|
changes in governmental regulations, accounting treatment, tax rates and similar
matters; |
|
|
|
|
legislative and regulatory changes (including changes to laws governing the
taxation of real estate investments trusts (REITs); and |
|
|
|
|
limitations imposed on our business and our ability to satisfy complex rules in
order for us to qualify as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes and the
ability of certain of our subsidiaries to qualify as taxable REIT subsidiaries for
U.S. federal income tax purposes, and our ability and the ability of our subsidiaries
to operate effectively within the limitations imposed by these rules. |
When considering forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and
other cautionary statements in this report. Readers are cautioned not to place undue reliance on
any of these forward-looking statements, which reflect our views as of the date of this report. The
matters summarized in this report could cause our actual results and performance to differ
materially from those set forth in, or implied by, our forward-looking statements. Accordingly, we
cannot guarantee future results or performance. Furthermore, except as required by law, we are
under no duty to, and we do not intend to, update any of our forward-looking statements after the
date of this report, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
Our Company
We are a self-managed, self-administered and vertically-integrated developer, builder, owner
and manager of high-quality, purpose-built student housing. We believe that we are one of the
largest vertically-integrated developers, builders, owners and managers of high-quality,
purpose-built student housing properties in the United States based on beds owned and under
management.
We were formed as a Maryland corporation on March 1, 2010 and Campus Crest Communities
Operating Partnership, LP (the Operating Partnership), of which we, through our wholly owned
subsidiary, Campus Crest Communities GP, LLC, are the sole general partner, was formed as a
Delaware limited partnership on March 4, 2010. As of September 30, 2011, we owned a 98.5% limited
partnership interest in the Operating Partnership.
As of September 30, 2011, we owned interests in 33 operating student housing properties
containing approximately 6,324 apartment units and 17,064 beds. All of our properties are recently
built, with an average age of approximately 2.7 years as of September 30, 2011. We wholly own 25 properties, containing
approximately 4,764 apartment units and 12,844 beds, and own eight properties, containing
approximately 1,560 apartment units and 4,220 beds, through joint ventures with Harrison Street
Real Estate (HSRE), in which we own interests ranging
26
from 20.0% to 49.9%. Within the last 12
months, we completed construction of four wholly owned properties and two joint venture properties,
all which commenced operations in August 2011. We expect to complete construction and commence
operations at three wholly owned properties and three joint venture properties in August 2012. All
of our communities contain modern apartment units with many resort-style amenities.
We derive substantially all of our revenue from student housing rental, student housing
services, construction and development services and management services. As of September 30, 2011,
the average occupancy for our 33 properties was approximately 89%. The average monthly total
revenue (including rental and service revenue) per occupied bed
(RevPOB) was approximately $488
and $481 for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011, respectively. Our properties are
primarily located in medium-sized college and university markets, which we define as markets
located outside of major U.S. cities that have nearby schools generally with overall enrollment of
approximately 8,000 to 20,000 students. We believe such markets are underserved and are generally
experiencing enrollment growth.
We intend to pay regular quarterly distributions to our common stockholders in amounts that
meet or exceed the requirements for our qualification as a REIT. Although we currently anticipate
making distributions to our common stockholders in cash to the extent cash is available for such
purpose, we may, in the sole discretion of our board of directors, make a distribution of capital
or of assets or a taxable distribution of our stock (as part of a distribution in which
stockholders may elect to receive stock or, subject to a limit measured as a percentage of the
total distribution, cash). On October 12, 2011, we paid a dividend for the third quarter of 2011 of
$0.16 per share of common stock to our stockholders of record as of September 28, 2011.
Our Business Segments
Management evaluates operating performance through the analysis of results of operations of
two distinct business segments: (i) student housing operations, and (ii) development, construction
and management services. Management evaluates each segments performance by net operating income,
which we define as operating income before depreciation and amortization. The accounting policies
of our reportable business segments are described in more detail in the summary of significant
accounting policies note (note 2) to our unaudited condensed consolidated and combined financial
statements. Intercompany fees are reflected at the contractually stipulated amounts, as adjusted to
reflect our proportionate ownership of unconsolidated entities.
Student Housing Operations
Our student housing operations are comprised of rental and other service revenues, such as
application fees, pet fees and late payment fees. We opened our first student housing property in
Asheville, North Carolina in 2005 for the 2005-2006 academic year. We subsequently opened three
additional properties in 2006 for the 2006-2007 academic year, six additional properties in 2007
for the 2007-2008 academic year and nine additional properties in 2008 for the 2008-2009 academic
year. In 2009, we opened one additional property that was consolidated by the Predecessor and four
additional properties that are owned by a real estate venture in which we have a noncontrolling
interest. In August 2010, we opened three additional properties for the 2010-2011 academic year
that are owned by a real estate venture in which we have a noncontrolling interest. Concurrent with
the Offering and Formation Transactions in October 2010, we purchased the remaining interest in one
of the properties owned by this real estate venture. In August 2011, we opened four wholly owned properties for
the 2011-2012 academic year and two properties for the 2011-2012 academic year that are
owned by a real estate venture in which we have a noncontrolling interest.
Due to the continuous opening of new properties in consecutive years and annual lease terms
that do not coincide with our reported fiscal (calendar) years, the comparison of our consolidated
financial results from period to period may not provide a meaningful measure of our operating
performance. For this reason, we divide the results of operations in our student housing operations
segment between new property operations and same-store operations, which we believe provides a
more meaningful indicator of comparative historical performance.
Development, Construction and Management Services
Development and Construction Services. In addition to our wholly owned properties, all of
which were developed and built by us, we also provide development and construction services to
unconsolidated joint ventures in which we have an ownership interest. We act as a general
contractor on all of our construction projects. When
27
building properties for our own account (i.e.,
for entities that are consolidated in our financial statements), construction revenues and expenses
are eliminated for accounting purposes and construction costs are ultimately reflected as capital
additions. Thus, building properties for our own account does not typically generate any revenues
or expenses in our development, construction and management services segment on a consolidated
basis.
Alternatively, when performing these services for unconsolidated joint ventures, we recognize
construction revenues based on the costs that have been contractually agreed to with the joint
venture for the construction of the property and expenses based on the actual costs incurred.
Construction revenues are recognized using the percentage of completion method, as determined by
construction costs incurred relative to total estimated construction costs, as adjusted to
eliminate our proportionate ownership of each entity. Actual construction costs are expensed as
incurred and are likewise adjusted to eliminate our proportionate ownership of each entity.
Operating income generated by our development and construction activities generally reflects the
development fee and construction fee income that is realized by providing these services to
unconsolidated real estate ventures (i.e., the spread between the contractual cost of
construction and the actual cost of construction).
Management Services. In addition to our wholly owned properties, all of which are managed by
us, we also provide management services to unconsolidated real estate ventures in which we have an
ownership interest. We recognize management fees from these entities as earned in accordance with
the property management agreement with these entities, as adjusted to eliminate our proportionate
ownership of each entity.
Our Relationship With HSRE
We are party to three joint venture arrangements with HSRE, a real estate private equity firm
founded in 2005 that has significant real estate asset holdings, including student housing
properties, senior housing/assisted living units, self-storage units, boat storage facilities and
medical office space. As of September 30, 2011, we have developed nine properties in partnership
with HSRE with total aggregate cost of approximately $176.5 million.
HSRE I. HSRE-Campus Crest I, LLC (HSRE I) indirectly owns 100% interests in the following
six properties at September 30, 2011: The Grove at Conway, The Grove at Huntsville, The Grove at
Lawrence, The Grove at Moscow, The Grove at San Angelo and The Grove at Statesboro. At September
30, 2011, the Company owned a 49.9% interest in HSRE I and HSRE owned the remaining 50.1%.
In general, the Company is responsible for the day-to-day management of HSRE Is business and
affairs, provided that major decisions (including budgeting) must be approved by the Company and
HSRE. In addition to distributions to which the Company is entitled as an investor in HSRE I, the
Company receives or has in the past received fees for providing services to the properties held by
HSRE I pursuant to development and construction agreements and property management agreements. We
granted to an entity related to HSRE I a right of first opportunity with respect to certain
development or acquisition opportunities identified by us. This right of first opportunity was to
terminate at such time as HSRE had funded at least $40 million of equity to HSRE I and/or certain
related ventures. As of December 31, 2010, HSRE had funded approximately $35 million of the $40
million right of first opportunity. This right of first opportunity was amended in conjunction with
the formation of HSRE-Campus Crest IV, LLC as discussed below. HSRE I will dissolve upon the
disposition of substantially all of its assets or the occurrence of certain events specified in the
agreement between us and HSRE.
HSRE IV. On January 20, 2011, we entered into a second venture with HSRE, HSRE-Campus Crest
IV, LLC (HSRE IV) to which HSRE will contribute up to $50 million, that develops and operates
additional purpose-built student housing properties. HSRE IV indirectly owns 100% interests in two
student housing properties, The Grove at Denton and The Grove at Valdosta, both of which opened for
the 2011-2012 academic year. We own a 20% interest in this venture and affiliates of HSRE own the
remaining 80%.
In general, we are responsible for the day-to-day management of HSRE IVs business and
affairs, provided that major decisions (including deciding to pursue a particular development
opportunity and budgeting) must be approved by us and HSRE. In addition to distributions to which
we are entitled as an investor in HSRE IV, we receive fees for providing services to HSRE IV pursuant to development and construction
agreements and property management agreements. Generally, we earn development fees equal to
approximately 4% of the total cost of each property developed by HSRE IV (excluding the cost of
land and financing costs), construction fees equal to
28
approximately 5% of the construction costs of each property developed by HSRE IV and management fees equal to approximately 3% of the gross
revenues and 3% of the net operating income of operating properties held by HSRE IV. In addition,
we receive a reimbursement of a portion of our overhead relating to each development project at a
negotiated rate. Under certain circumstances, we will be responsible for funding the amount by
which actual development costs for a project pursued by HSRE IV exceed the budgeted development
costs of such project (without any increase in our interest in the project), which could materially
and adversely affect the fee income realized from any such project. In connection with HSRE IV, we
amended HSREs right of first opportunity, originally granted with respect to HSRE I. HSRE has the
right to develop all future student housing development opportunities identified by us that are
funded in part with equity investments by parties unaffiliated with us, until such time as
affiliates of HSRE have invested $50 million in HSRE IV or caused HSRE IV to decline three
development opportunities in any calendar year. The terms of the HSRE IV venture do not prohibit us
from developing wholly owned student housing properties for our own account.
HSRE V. On October 31, 2011, we entered into a third joint venture with HSRE, HSRE-Campus
Crest V, LLC (HSRE V), that will develop and operate additional purpose-built
student housing properties. We own a 10% interest in this venture and affiliates of HSRE own the
balance. We expect that HSRE V will build three new student housing properties with completion
targeted for the 2012-2013 academic year. The properties, located in Fayetteville, Arkansas,
Laramie, Wyoming and Stillwater, Oklahoma, will contain an aggregate of approximately 1,856 beds
and will have an estimated cost of approximately $72.1 million. In connection with HSRE V, HSRE
retained its right to develop all future student housing development opportunities identified by us
that are funded in part with equity investments by parties unaffiliated with us, until such time as
affiliates of HSRE have invested a total of $50 million in both HSRE IV and HSRE V or until HSRE causes these
ventures to decline three development opportunities in any calendar year. As of November 4, 2011,
HSRE had funded approximately $11.3 million of the $50 million right of first opportunity. The
terms of the HSRE V venture do not prohibit us from developing wholly owned student housing
properties for our own account.
Factors That Affect Our Operating Results
Unique Leasing Characteristics
Student housing properties are typically leased by the bed on an individual lease liability
basis, unlike multi-family housing where leasing is by the unit. Individual lease liability limits
each student-tenants liability to his or her own rent without liability for a roommates rent. A
parent or guardian is required to execute each lease as a guarantor unless the student-tenant
provides adequate proof of income. The number of lease contracts that we administer is therefore
equivalent to the number of beds occupied rather than the number of units.
Due to our predominantly private bedroom accommodations, the high level of student-oriented
amenities offered at our properties and the individual lease liability for our student-tenants and
their parents, we believe that we typically command higher per-unit and per-square foot rental
rates than many multi-family properties located in the markets in which we operate. We are also
typically able to charge higher rental rates than on-campus student housing, which generally offers
fewer amenities.
Unlike traditional multi-family housing, most of our leases commence and terminate on the same
date. In the case of our typical 11.5-month leases (which provide for 12 equal monthly payments),
this date coincides with the commencement of the fall academic term and typically terminate at the
completion of the last subsequent summer school session. As such, we must re-lease each property in
its entirety each year, resulting in significant turnover in our tenant population from year to
year. As a result, we are highly dependent upon the effectiveness of our marketing and leasing
efforts during the annual leasing season that typically begins in January and ends in August of
each year. Our properties occupancy rates are therefore typically relatively stable during the
August to July academic year, but are susceptible to fluctuation at the commencement of each new
academic year, which may be greater than the fluctuation in occupancy rates experienced by
traditional multi-family properties. For most of our properties, the primary leasing season
concludes by the end of August (our properties located in Ellensburg, Washington and Cheney,
Washington are exceptions, where the primary leasing season typically extends into
September, as the academic year for the primary university served by each of these properties
typically starts in late September).
29
Development, Construction and Management Services
The amount and timing of revenues from development, construction and management services will
typically be contingent upon the number and size of development projects that we are able to
successfully structure and finance in our current and future unconsolidated joint ventures. We entered into a joint venture with HSRE, HSRE V, in which we have a 10% interest,
that we expect will build three student housing properties with completion targeted for the
2012-2013 academic year. We expect to receive fees for providing development and construction
services to HSRE V. Additionally, we expect to receive management fees for managing properties
owned by HSRE V once they are placed in service. No assurance can be given that HSRE V will be
successful in developing student housing properties as currently
contemplated.
Results of Operations
From our formation through October 18, 2010, we did not have material or significant corporate
activity, other than the issuance of one share of common stock to the Predecessors parent entity
in connection with our initial capitalization and other activities performed in preparation for the
Offering. Accordingly, we believe that a discussion of our results of operations for the three and
nine months ended September 30, 2010 would not be meaningful, and we have therefore set forth a
discussion comparing the consolidated operating results of our operations for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2011, and the Predecessors historical combined results of operations
for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2010. The historical results of operations
presented below should be reviewed in conjunction with the notes to the condensed consolidated and
combined financial statements included elsewhere in this report.
Comparison of the Three Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
As of September 30, 2011, our property portfolio consisted of 25 consolidated operating
properties, containing approximately 4,764 apartment units and 12,844 beds, and eight operating
properties held in unconsolidated joint ventures, containing approximately 1,560 apartment units
and 4,220 beds.
In October 2010, we acquired from HSRE the remaining interest in Campus Crest at San Marcos,
LLC, which owns The Grove at San Marcos. Prior to this transaction, The Grove at San Marcos was
wholly owned by a real estate venture in which the Company and HSRE are members and we accounted
for our ownership interest in The Grove at San Marcos under the equity method of accounting.
Subsequent to our acquisition of this interest, we consolidated the results of operations of The
Grove at San Marcos.
In September 2010, we sold The Grove at Carrollton to an affiliate of HSRE and we retained an
indirect ownership interest of 0.1%. Since we had the contractual obligation to, and did,
repurchase this ownership interest in The Grove at Carrollton upon completion of the Offering, we
did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the
operations of The Grove at Carrollton have been combined for the three months ended September 30,
2010.
In March 2010, we sold 99% of our interest in HSRE I, which represented a 9.9% interest in the
venture, to HSRE. Upon completion of the Offering, we repurchased this 9.9% interest in HSRE I. As
a result, we did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes.
Accordingly, our investment in HSRE I, accounted for under the equity method, is reflective of a
10% (i.e., pre-sale) net ownership interest through the completion of the Offering. Upon and
subsequent to completion of the Offering and Formation Transactions, we owned 49.9% of HSRE I.
In November 2009, we sold The Grove at Milledgeville to an affiliate of HSRE and we retained
an indirect ownership interest of 5%. Since we had the contractual obligation to, and did,
repurchase this ownership interest in The Grove at Milledgeville upon completion of the Offering,
we did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the operations of The Grove at Milledgeville have
been combined for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
30
The following table presents our results of operations for the three months ended September
30, 2011 and 2010, including the amount and percentage change in these results between the periods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months |
|
|
Three Months |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ended |
|
|
Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
Change |
|
|
Change |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
($) |
|
|
(%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(unaudited and in thousands) |
|
|
|
|
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student housing rental |
|
$ |
14,883 |
|
|
|
12,247 |
|
|
|
2,636 |
|
|
|
21.5 |
% |
Student housing services |
|
|
686 |
|
|
|
376 |
|
|
|
310 |
|
|
|
82.4 |
% |
Development, construction and management services |
|
|
4,827 |
|
|
|
4,256 |
|
|
|
571 |
|
|
|
13.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
20,396 |
|
|
|
16,879 |
|
|
|
3,517 |
|
|
|
20.8 |
% |
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student housing operations |
|
|
7,262 |
|
|
|
6,485 |
|
|
|
777 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
% |
Development, construction and management services |
|
|
4,393 |
|
|
|
4,378 |
|
|
|
15 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
General and administrative |
|
|
1,253 |
|
|
|
1,174 |
|
|
|
79 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
% |
Ground leases |
|
|
52 |
|
|
|
59 |
|
|
|
(7 |
) |
|
|
(11.9 |
)% |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
4,873 |
|
|
|
4,507 |
|
|
|
366 |
|
|
|
8.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
17,833 |
|
|
|
16,603 |
|
|
|
1,230 |
|
|
|
7.4 |
% |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities |
|
|
(309 |
) |
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
(260 |
) |
|
|
530.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
2,254 |
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
2,027 |
|
|
|
893.0 |
% |
Nonoperating income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(1,922 |
) |
|
|
(6,708 |
) |
|
|
4,786 |
|
|
|
(71.3 |
)% |
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
|
(22 |
) |
|
|
178 |
|
|
|
(200 |
) |
|
|
(112.4 |
)% |
Other income |
|
|
118 |
|
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
117 |
|
|
|
117.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total nonoperating expenses, net |
|
|
(1,826 |
) |
|
|
(6,529 |
) |
|
|
4,703 |
|
|
|
(72.0 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
428 |
|
|
|
(6,302 |
) |
|
|
6,730 |
|
|
|
(106.8 |
)% |
Income tax expense |
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(14 |
) |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) |
|
|
414 |
|
|
|
(6,302 |
) |
|
|
6,716 |
|
|
|
(106.6 |
)% |
Net income (loss) attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
6 |
|
|
|
(2,264 |
) |
|
|
2,270 |
|
|
|
(100.3 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income (loss) attributable to Campus Crest
Communities, Inc. and Predecessor |
|
$ |
408 |
|
|
|
(4,038 |
) |
|
|
4,446 |
|
|
|
(110.1 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student Housing Operations
Revenues (which include student housing rental and student housing service revenues) in the
student housing operations segment increased by approximately $2.9 million, while operating
expenses increased by approximately $0.8 million, for the three months ended September 30, 2011 as
compared to 2010. The increase in revenues was primarily due to the inclusion of operating results
of four wholly owned properties which opened in August 2011. Additionally, revenues increased due
to the inclusion of operating results from The Grove at San Marcos, which subsequent to the
Offering became a consolidated property. RevPOB for consolidated properties increased to $489 for
the three months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to $476 for the three months ended September
30, 2010. Operating expenses increased due to the inclusion of operating results of four wholly
owned properties which opened in August 2011 and the consolidation of the operating results of The
Grove at San Marcos in the three month period ended September 30, 2011, offset by higher operating
margins resulting from decreases in repairs and maintenance expense.
New Property Operations. In August 2011, we opened four new properties, The Grove at Ames, The
Grove at Clarksville, The Grove at Columbia and The Grove at Fort Wayne. These properties
contributed approximately $1.7 million of revenues and approximately $0.5 million of operating
expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2011. In October 2010, we acquired from HSRE the
remaining interest in The Grove at San Marcos. Prior to the acquisition of this interest, we
accounted for our ownership interest in this property under the equity method. Subsequent to our
acquisition of this interest, we consolidated the results of operations of The Grove at San Marcos.
The Grove at San Marcos contributed approximately $0.9 million of revenues and approximately $0.4
million of
31
operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2011. For the three months ended
September 30, 2010, our share of the contribution from The Grove at San Marcos was included as
equity in loss from unconsolidated entities. In August 2011, we opened two new properties owned by
an unconsolidated joint venture. In August 2010, we opened three new properties owned by an
unconsolidated joint venture. The two properties that opened in 2011 and the three properties that
opened in 2010 are discussed below under the heading Equity in Loss of Unconsolidated Entities.
Same-Store Property Operations. We had 20 properties that were operating for both the three
months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. These properties contributed approximately $13.0 million
of revenues and approximately $6.4 million of operating expenses for the three months ended
September 30, 2011 as compared to approximately $12.6 million of revenues and approximately $6.5
million of operating expenses for the three months ended September 30, 2010. Average occupancy at
our same-store properties increased to approximately 90% for the three months ended September 30,
2011 as compared to approximately 88% for the three months ended September 30, 2010 and RevPOB
increased to approximately $482 for the three months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to
approximately $476 for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Development, Construction and Management Services
Revenues and operating expenses in the development, construction and management services
segment increased by approximately $0.6 million and approximately $0, respectively, for the three
months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the three months ended September 30, 2010. Our
development, construction and management services segment recognizes revenues and operating
expenses for development, construction and management services provided to unconsolidated joint
ventures in which we have an ownership interest. We eliminate revenue and related expenses on such
transactions with our unconsolidated entities to the extent of our ownership interest. The increase
in development, construction and management services revenues was due to a shortened construction
schedule related to the two unconsolidated joint venture properties for the three months ended
September 30, 2011. Operating expenses remained flat for the three months ended September 30, 2011
due to improved operating margins on the construction contracts related to the two unconsolidated
joint venture properties for the three months ended September 30, 2011.
Our ability to generate revenues and expenses related to future development and construction
projects will depend upon our ability to enter into and provide services to existing or
new joint ventures, as well as our proportionate ownership of any such joint ventures. We commenced
building three student housing properties for our own account for the 2012-2013 academic year,
which are included in our consolidated financial statements and do not generate development,
construction and management services revenues and operating expenses for us on a consolidated
basis. We expect to complete construction of these three student housing properties and commence
operations in August 2012.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses increased from approximately $1.2 million for the three
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $1.3 million for the three months ended September
30, 2011. This increase was due to an increase in non-cash employee compensation expense related to
share based incentive compensation, as well as increases in professional fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased from approximately $4.5 million for the three
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $4.9 million for the three months ended September
30, 2011. This increase was primarily due to the opening of four new properties in August 2011 and
the consolidation of the operating results of The Grove at San Marcos during the three month period
ended September 30, 2011.
Equity in Loss of Unconsolidated Entities
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities, which represents our share of the net loss from
unconsolidated entities in which we have a noncontrolling interest, increased from a loss of $0.1
million for the three months ended September 30, 2010 to a loss of $0.3 million for the three
months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was due
32
to an increase in our ownership interest in HSRE I from 10% for the three months ended
September 30, 2010 as compared to 49.9% for the three months ended September 30, 2011, as well as
the opening of two new student housing properties in the HSRE IV venture in August 2011. Due
to depreciation expense, each of these new properties generated a net loss which we participated in
at our ownership percentage.
Nonoperating Income (Expenses)
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased from approximately $6.7 million for the three
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $1.9 million for the three months ended September
30, 2011. This decrease was primarily due to lower outstanding indebtedness during the three months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to September 30, 2010 due to the change in our capital
structure as a result of the Offering and Formation Transactions. Additionally, outstanding
indebtedness for the three months ended September 30, 2011 had a lower effective borrowing rate
than outstanding indebtedness for the three months ended September 30, 2010.
Change in Fair Value of Interest Rate Derivatives. Change in fair value of interest rate
derivatives decreased from a gain of approximately $0.2 million for the three months ended
September 30, 2010 to a loss of approximately $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This change
was due to a decrease of approximately $1.3 million related to cash settlements on interest rate
swaps, offset by a decrease in non-cash mark to market adjustments on interest rate swaps of
approximately $1.5 million.
Other Income (Expense). Other income increased from approximately $0 for the three months
ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $0.1 million for the three months ended September 30,
2011. This change was due to an increase in preferred interest income from unconsolidated entities.
Income Tax Expense
Provision for income taxes increased from $0 for the three months ended September 30, 2010 to
approximately $14,000 for the three months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was due to
federal and state income tax related to our taxable REIT subsidiaries. Prior to October 2010, no
provision for income tax was recorded as all income and losses of the Predecessor were allocated to
partners or members of Predecessor owned entities.
Comparison of the Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
As of September 30, 2011, our property portfolio consisted of 25 consolidated operating
properties, containing approximately 4,764 apartment units and 12,844 beds, and eight operating
properties held in unconsolidated joint ventures, containing approximately 1,560 apartment units
and 4,220 beds.
In October 2010, we acquired from HSRE the remaining interest in Campus Crest at San Marcos,
LLC, which owns The Grove at San Marcos. Prior to this transaction, The Grove at San Marcos was
wholly owned by a real estate venture in which the Company and HSRE are members and we accounted
for our ownership interest in The Grove at San Marcos under the equity method of accounting.
Subsequent to our acquisition of this interest, we consolidated the results of operations of The
Grove at San Marcos.
In September 2010, we sold The Grove at Carrollton to an affiliate of HSRE and we retained an
indirect ownership interest of 0.1%. Since we had the contractual obligation to, and did,
repurchase this ownership interest in The Grove at Carrollton upon completion of the Offering, we
did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly, the
operations of The Grove at Carrollton have been combined for the nine months ended September 30,
2010.
In March 2010, we sold 99% of our interest in HSRE I, which represented a 9.9% interest in the
venture, to HSRE. Upon completion of the Offering, we repurchased this 9.9% interest in HSRE I. As
a result, we did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes.
Accordingly, our investment in HSRE I, accounted for under the equity method, is reflective of a
10% (i.e., pre-sale) net ownership interest through the completion of the Offering. Upon and
subsequent to completion of the Offering and Formation Transactions, we owned 49.9% of HSRE I.
33
In November 2009, we sold The Grove at Milledgeville to an affiliate of HSRE and we
retained an indirect ownership interest of 5%. Since we had the contractual obligation to, and did,
repurchase this ownership interest in The Grove at Milledgeville upon completion of the Offering,
we did not account for this transaction as a sale for financial reporting purposes. Accordingly,
the operations of The Grove at Milledgeville have been combined for the nine months ended September
30, 2010.
34
The following table presents our results of operations for the nine months ended
September 30, 2011 and 2010, including the amount and percentage change in these results between
the periods:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months |
|
|
Nine Months |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ended |
|
|
Ended |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
Change |
|
|
Change |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
($) |
|
|
(%) |
|
|
|
(unaudited and in thousands) |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student housing rental |
|
$ |
41,054 |
|
|
|
36,690 |
|
|
|
4,364 |
|
|
|
11.9 |
% |
Student housing services |
|
|
1,662 |
|
|
|
1,521 |
|
|
|
141 |
|
|
|
9.3 |
% |
Development, construction and management services |
|
|
26,444 |
|
|
|
35,121 |
|
|
|
(8,677 |
) |
|
|
(24.7 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
|
69,160 |
|
|
|
73,332 |
|
|
|
(4,172 |
) |
|
|
(5.7 |
)% |
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student housing operations |
|
|
20,086 |
|
|
|
19,786 |
|
|
|
300 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
% |
Development, construction and management services |
|
|
24,229 |
|
|
|
33,022 |
|
|
|
(8,793 |
) |
|
|
(26.6 |
)% |
General and administrative |
|
|
4,923 |
|
|
|
3,792 |
|
|
|
1,131 |
|
|
|
29.8 |
% |
Ground leases |
|
|
156 |
|
|
|
153 |
|
|
|
3 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
% |
Depreciation and amortization |
|
|
15,239 |
|
|
|
13,935 |
|
|
|
1,304 |
|
|
|
9.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total operating expenses |
|
|
64,633 |
|
|
|
70,688 |
|
|
|
(6,055 |
) |
|
|
(8.6 |
)% |
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities |
|
|
(944 |
) |
|
|
(243 |
) |
|
|
(701 |
) |
|
|
288.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Operating income |
|
|
3,583 |
|
|
|
2,401 |
|
|
|
1,182 |
|
|
|
49.2 |
% |
Nonoperating income (expense): |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest expense |
|
|
(4,657 |
) |
|
|
(17,395 |
) |
|
|
12,738 |
|
|
|
(73.2 |
)% |
Change in fair value of interest rate derivatives |
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
(11.5 |
)% |
Other income |
|
|
272 |
|
|
|
45 |
|
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
504.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total nonoperating expenses, net |
|
|
(4,070 |
) |
|
|
(16,994 |
) |
|
|
12,924 |
|
|
|
(76.1 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loss before income taxes |
|
|
(487 |
) |
|
|
(14,593 |
) |
|
|
14,106 |
|
|
|
(96.7 |
)% |
Income tax expense |
|
|
(214 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(214 |
) |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
|
(701 |
) |
|
|
(14,593 |
) |
|
|
13,892 |
|
|
|
(95.2 |
)% |
Net loss attributable to noncontrolling interests |
|
|
1 |
|
|
|
(7,290 |
) |
|
|
7,291 |
|
|
|
(100.0 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss attributable to Campus Crest Communities,
Inc. and Predecessor |
|
$ |
(702 |
) |
|
|
(7,303 |
) |
|
|
6,601 |
|
|
|
(90.4 |
)% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Student Housing Operations
Revenues (which include student housing rental and student housing service revenues) in the
student housing operations segment increased by approximately $4.5 million, while operating
expenses increased by approximately $0.3 million, for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 as
compared to 2010. The increase in revenues was primarily due to the inclusion of operating results
of four wholly owned properties which opened in August 2011. Additionally, revenues increased due
to the inclusion of operating results from The Grove at San Marcos, which subsequent to the
Offering became a consolidated property. RevPOB for consolidated properties increased to $485 for
the nine months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to $480 for the nine months ended September
30, 2010. Operating expenses increased due to the inclusion of operating results of four wholly
owned properties which opened in August 2011 and the consolidation of the operating results of The
Grove at San Marcos in the nine month period ended September 30, 2011, offset by higher operating
margins resulting from decreases in repairs and maintenance expense.
New Property Operations. In August 2011, we opened four new properties, The Grove at Ames, The
Grove at Clarksville, The Grove at Columbia and The Grove at Fort Wayne. These properties
contributed approximately $1.7 million of revenues and approximately $0.5 million of operating
expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. In October 2010, we acquired from HSRE the
remaining interest in The Grove at San Marcos. Prior to the acquisition of this interest, we
accounted for our ownership interest in this property under the equity method. Subsequent to our
acquisition of this interest, we consolidated the results of operations of The Grove at San Marcos.
The Grove at San Marcos contributed approximately $2.6 million of revenues and approximately $1.1
million of
35
operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. For the nine months ended
September 30, 2010, our share of the contribution from The Grove at San Marcos was included as
equity in loss from unconsolidated entities. In August 2011, we opened two new properties owned by
an unconsolidated joint venture. In August 2010, we opened three new properties owned by an
unconsolidated joint venture. The two properties that opened in 2011 and the three properties that
opened in 2010 are discussed below under the heading Equity in Loss of Unconsolidated Entities.
Same-Store Property Operations. We had 20 properties that were operating for both the nine
months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. These properties contributed approximately $38.4 million
of revenues and approximately $18.5 million of operating expenses for the nine months ended
September 30, 2011 as compared to approximately $38.2 million of revenues and approximately $19.8
million of operating expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. Average occupancy at
our same-store properties increased to approximately 89% for the nine months ended September 30,
2011 as compared to approximately 88% for the nine months ended September 30, 2010. RevPOB remained flat at $480 for
the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
Development, Construction and Management Services
Revenues and operating expenses in the development, construction and management services
segment decreased by approximately $8.7 million and approximately $8.8 million, respectively, for
the nine months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Our development, construction and management services segment recognizes revenues and operating
expenses for development, construction and management services provided to unconsolidated joint
ventures in which we have an ownership interest. We eliminate revenue and related expenses on such
transactions with our unconsolidated entities to the extent of our ownership interest. The
decreases in development, construction and management services revenues and operating expenses were
primarily due to a decrease in the number of unconsolidated joint venture properties under
construction, which totaled three for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to two
unconsolidated joint venture properties for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. Additionally,
a larger ownership percentage in these unconsolidated joint venture properties resulted in the
elimination of a greater percentage of revenues and operating expenses upon consolidation.
Our ability to generate revenues and expenses related to future development and construction
projects will depend upon our ability to enter into and provide services to existing ventures or
new joint ventures, as well as our proportionate ownership of any such joint ventures. We commenced
building three student housing properties for our own account for the 2012-2013 academic year,
which are included in our consolidated financial statements and do not generate development,
construction and management services revenues and operating expenses for us on a consolidated
basis. We expect to complete construction of these three student housing properties and commence
operations in August 2012.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses increased from approximately $3.8 million for the nine
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $4.9 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2011. This increase was due to an increase in non-cash employee compensation expense related to
share based incentive compensation, as well as increases in professional fees.
Depreciation and Amortization
Depreciation and amortization expense increased from approximately $13.9 million for the nine
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $15.2 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2011. This increase was primarily due to the opening of four new properties in August 2011 and
the consolidation of the operating results of The Grove at San Marcos during the nine month period
ended September 30, 2011.
Equity in Loss of Unconsolidated Entities
Equity in loss of unconsolidated entities, which represents our share of the net loss from
unconsolidated entities in which we have a noncontrolling interest, increased from a loss of $0.2
million for the nine months ended
36
September 30, 2010 to a loss of $0.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011.
This increase was due to an increase in our ownership interest in HSRE I from 10% for the nine
months ended September 30, 2010 as compared to 49.9% for the nine months ended September 30, 2011,
as well as the opening of two new student housing properties in the HSRE IV venture in the fall of
2011. Due to depreciation expense, each of these new properties generated a net loss which we
participated in at our ownership percentage.
Nonoperating Income (Expenses)
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased from approximately $17.4 million for the nine
months ended September 30, 2010 to approximately $4.7 million for the nine months ended September
30, 2011. This decrease was primarily due to lower outstanding indebtedness during the nine months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to September 30, 2010 due to the change in our capital
structure as a result of the Offering and Formation Transactions. Additionally, outstanding
indebtedness for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 had a lower effective borrowing rate than
outstanding indebtedness for the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Other Income (Expense). Other income increased from approximately $0 for the nine months ended
September 30, 2010 to approximately $0.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. This
change was due to an increase in preferred interest income from unconsolidated entities.
Income Tax Expense
Provision for income taxes increased from $0 for the nine months ended September 30, 2010 to
approximately $0.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011. This increase was due to
federal and state income tax related to our taxable REIT subsidiaries. Prior to October 2010, no
provision for income tax was recorded as all income and losses of the Predecessor were allocated to
partners or members of Predecessor owned entities.
Cash Flows
Comparison of Nine Months Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
Operating Activities
Net cash provided by operating activities was approximately $21.8 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to approximately $2.5 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2010, an increase of approximately $19.3 million.
This change was driven by a significant decrease in interest expense and net loss during the nine months
ended September 30, 2011 compared to the nine months ended September 30, 2010.
Working capital accounts provided
approximately $4.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 while approximately $3.0
million was provided by working capital accounts for the nine months ended September 30, 2010,
representing an increase in cash provided of approximately $1.7 million. This change was driven by
improved collection of deposits and advance rental payments during the nine months ended September
30, 2011.
Investing Activities
Net cash used in investing activities totaled
approximately $86.1 million for the nine months
ended September 30, 2011 as compared to approximately $2.8 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2010, an increase of approximately $83.3 million. This increase was due to
significantly increased development and construction activity related to consolidated properties in
the nine month period ended September 30, 2011 as compared to the nine month period ended September
30, 2010, offset by cash received from HSRE related to the contribution of ownership interests in
The Grove at Denton and The Grove at Valdosta to HSRE IV.
37
Financing Activities
Net cash provided by financing
activities totaled approximately $71.5 million for the nine
months ended September 30, 2011 as compared to approximately $2.2 million for the nine months ended
September 30, 2010, an increase of approximately $69.3 million. This increase was due to proceeds
from mortgage loans, draws on our revolving credit facility and draws on secured, project-specific
construction loans to fund increased development and construction activity for wholly owned student
housing properties and to fund investments in HSRE IV, partially offset by distributions paid to
stockholders and noncontrolling interests.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As a REIT, we generally must distribute annually at least 90% of our REIT taxable income,
excluding any net capital gain, in order for corporate income tax not to apply to earnings that we
distribute. To the extent that we satisfy this distribution requirement, but distribute less than
100% of our REIT taxable income, we will be subject to U.S. federal corporate income tax on our
undistributed taxable income. In addition, we will be subject to a 4% nondeductible excise tax if
the actual amount that we distribute to our stockholders in a calendar year is less than a minimum
amount specified under U.S. federal income tax laws. We intend to make distributions to our
stockholders to comply with the requirements of the Internal Revenue Code and to avoid paying
corporate tax on undistributed income. Additionally, we intend to make distributions that exceed
these requirements. We may need to obtain financing to meet our distribution requirements because:
|
|
|
our income may not be matched by our related expenses at the time the income is
considered received for purposes of determining taxable income; and |
|
|
|
|
non-deductible capital expenditures, creation of reserves or debt service
requirements may reduce available cash but not taxable income. |
In these circumstances, we may be forced to obtain third-party financing on terms we might
otherwise find unfavorable, and we cannot assure you that we will be able to obtain such financing.
Alternatively, if we are unable or unwilling to obtain third-party financing on the available
terms, we could choose to pay a portion of our distributions in stock instead of cash, or we may
fund distributions through asset sales.
Principal Capital Resources
On October 19, 2010, we closed a credit agreement (our revolving credit facility) with
Citibank, N.A. and certain other parties thereto relating to a three-year, $125 million senior
secured revolving credit facility. This facility was secured by 13 of our wholly owned properties.
Affiliates of Citigroup Global Markets Inc. act as administrative agent, collateral agent, lead
arranger and book running manager, and affiliates of Raymond James & Associates, Inc., Citigroup
Global Markets Inc., Goldman, Sachs & Co., Barclays Capital Inc. and RBC Capital Markets
Corporation (together with other financial institutions) act as lenders under our revolving credit
facility.
On August 17, 2011, the Company and its lenders amended the revolving credit facility. As a
result of the amendment, the credit facility was increased to $150 million and its interest rate
was adjusted, the result of which decreased the spread over the elected floating interest rate.
Additionally, the revolving credit facility, which was formerly secured, became unsecured and now
matures on August 17, 2014, subject to a one-year extension option the Company may exercise at its
option, pursuant to certain terms and conditions. As of September 30, 2011, approximately $41.0
million was outstanding under our revolving credit facility and approximately $71.8 million of
borrowing capacity was available under this facility.
The amount available for us to borrow under this credit facility is based on the lesser of (i)
60.0% of the as is appraised value of our properties that form the borrowing base of the
facility, and (ii) the amount that would create a debt service coverage ratio of not less than 1.50
: 1.00. Additionally, our revolving credit facility has an accordion feature that allows us to
request an increase in the total commitments of an additional $175 million to a total commitment of
$325 million. Amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility bear interest at a floating
rate equal to, at our election, the Eurodollar Rate or the Base Rate (each as defined in our
revolving credit facility) plus a spread. The spread depends upon our leverage ratio and ranges
from 1.75% to 2.50% for Eurodollar Rate based borrowings and from 0.75% to 1.50% for Base Rate
based borrowings.
Our ability to borrow under our revolving credit facility is subject to our ongoing compliance
with a number of customary financial covenants, including:
38
|
|
|
a maximum leverage ratio of 0.60 : 1.00; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum fixed charge coverage ratio of 1.50 : 1.00; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum ratio of fixed rate debt and debt subject to hedge agreements to total debt of
66.67%; |
|
|
|
|
a maximum secured recourse debt ratio of 20%; |
|
|
|
|
a minimum tangible net worth of not less than the sum of approximately $227.1 million plus an
amount equal to 75% of the net proceeds of any additional equity issuances; and
|
|
|
|
|
a maximum secured debt ratio of not greater than 50% through February 17, 2013, and not
greater than 45% on any date thereafter. |
Under our revolving credit facility, our distributions may not exceed the greater of (i) 95.0%
of our Funds From Operations (FFO) or (ii) the amount required for us to qualify and maintain our
status as a REIT. If a default or event of default occurs and is continuing, we may be precluded
from making certain distributions (other than those required to allow us to qualify and maintain
our status as a REIT).
We and certain of our subsidiaries guarantee the obligations under our revolving credit
facility and we and certain of our subsidiaries have provided a negative pledge against specified
assets (including real property), stock and other interests.
The foregoing is only a summary of the material terms of our amended and restated revolving
credit facility. For more information, see the amended and restated credit agreement, which is
filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Current Report on Form 8-K field with the SEC on August 23, 2011.
We intend to pursue alternative, longer-term financing for some or all of the properties,
which, prior to the completion of the Offering, secured our $104.0 million mortgage loan with
Silverton Bank since they were released from the lien of that mortgage upon its repayment in full
in connection with our Offering and Formation Transactions. For eligible properties, this may
include debt financing provided by Freddie Mac or Fannie Mae. In August and September 2011, we
closed on separate seven-year mortgage loans for each of The Grove at Ellensburg, The Grove at
Greeley and The Grove at Nacogdoches. The lender for each of these mortgage loans is Freddie Mac.
On July 22, 2011, Campus Crest at Auburn, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with Compass Bank pursuant to which Compass Bank agreed to provide
Campus Crest at Auburn, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing capacity of approximately
$16.3 million. The construction loan will be used to finance the development of a student housing
property in Auburn, Alabama. The construction loan matures on July 22, 2014, but can be extended
until October 22, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on the construction loan
is LIBOR plus 2.95%. The construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties,
covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are
customary for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, no amounts were outstanding under this
loan.
On June 30, 2011, Campus Crest at Orono, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with TD Bank, N.A. pursuant to which TD Bank agreed to provide Campus
Crest at Orono, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing capacity of approximately $15.2
million. The construction loan will be used to finance the development of a student housing
property in Orono, Maine. The construction loan matures on June 30, 2014, but can be extended until
December 31, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on the construction loan is
LIBOR plus 2.75%. The construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties, covenants
(including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are customary
for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, no amounts were outstanding under this loan.
On March 4, 2011, Campus Crest at Columbia, LLC, a subsidiary of the Company, entered into a
Construction Loan Agreement with BOKF, NA (d/b/a Bank of Oklahoma), pursuant to which Bank of
Oklahoma agreed to provide Campus Crest at Columbia, LLC a construction loan with a total borrowing
capacity of approximately $17.0 million. The construction loan was used to finance the development
of a student housing
property in Columbia, Missouri. The construction loan matures on March 4, 2014, but can be
extended until March
39
4, 2015, subject to certain conditions. The interest rate on the construction
loan is the greater of (i) LIBOR plus 3.0%, or (ii) 4.5%. Loan payments are interest only through
April 2013. The construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties, covenants
(including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are customary
for construction financing. At September 30, 2011, approximately $13.4 million was outstanding
under this loan.
On November 19, 2010, the Company entered into a construction loan with The PrivateBank and
Trust Company to finance the development of student housing properties in each of Ames, Iowa,
Clarksville, Tennessee and Fort Wayne, Indiana. The construction loan initially matures on November
19, 2013, but can be extended until November 19, 2014, subject to certain conditions. The interest
rate is LIBOR plus 4.75% and the construction loan agreement contains representations, warranties,
covenants (including financial covenants upon commencement of operations) and other terms that are
customary for construction financing. Loan payments are interest only through November 2012. The
amount available under the construction loan totals approximately $37.5 million. At September 30,
2011 and December 31, 2010, approximately $26.4 million and $0, respectively, were outstanding
under this loan.
In addition to borrowings under our revolving credit facility, we may also use non-recourse
mortgage financing to make acquisitions or refinance short-term borrowings under our revolving
credit facility. We may also seek to raise additional capital through the issuance of our common
stock, preferred stock, OP units and debt or other securities or through property dispositions or
joint venture transactions. Any debt incurred or issued by us may be secured or unsecured,
long-term or short-term, fixed or variable interest rate and may be subject to such other terms as
we deem prudent. Our ability to access the lending and capital markets will be dependent on a
number of factors, including general market conditions for REITs, our historical and anticipated
financial condition, liquidity, results of operations, FFO and market perceptions about us and our
competitors.
Short-Term Liquidity Needs
The nature of our business, coupled with the requirement imposed by REIT rules that we
distribute a substantial majority of our REIT taxable income on an annual basis in order for us to
qualify as a REIT, will cause us to have substantial liquidity needs. Our short-term liquidity
needs consist primarily of funds necessary to pay operating expenses associated with our
properties, recurring capital expenditures, development and construction costs, interest expense,
scheduled debt service payments and expected distribution payments (including distributions to
persons who hold OP units). We expect to meet our short-term liquidity needs through cash flow from
operations and, to the extent necessary, borrowings under our revolving credit facility. We expect
that cash flow from operations and borrowings under our revolving credit facility will be
sufficient to meet our liquidity requirements for at least the next 12 months.
Development Expenditures
Our development activities have historically required us to fund pre-development expenditures
such as architectural fees, engineering fees and earnest deposits. Because the closing of a
development projects financing is often subject to various delays, we cannot always predict
accurately the liquidity needs of these activities. We frequently incur these pre-development
expenditures before a financing commitment has been obtained and, accordingly, bear the risk of the
loss of these pre-development expenditures if financing cannot ultimately be arranged on acceptable
terms.
We are currently building six new student housing properties, three of which are wholly owned
by us and three of which we expect will be owned by a joint venture with HSRE in which we own a 10%
interest. We expect to complete construction and commence operations at each of these properties in
August 2012, for the 2012-2013
academic year. For each of these projects, we have commenced construction, or intend to
commence construction,
40
subsequent to significant pre-development activities. We estimate that the
cost to complete the three wholly owned properties will be approximately $84.7 million.
Additionally, we will be obligated to fund our pro rata portion of the development costs of our
joint venture with HSRE, and we estimate that the cost to complete the three joint venture
properties will be approximately $72.1 million. No assurance can be given that we will complete construction of these properties in
accordance with our current expectations (including the estimated cost thereof). We intend to
finance the construction of these six properties through borrowings under our revolving credit
facility, project-specific construction indebtedness (including the project-specific indebtedness
described in note 9 to the condensed consolidated and combined financial statements) and
contributions from HSRE.
We have identified over 200 markets and approximately 80 specific sites within these markets
as potential future development opportunities, and our current business plan contemplates the
development of approximately five to seven new student housing properties per year. No assurance
can be given that we will not adjust our business plan as it relates to development, or that any
particular development opportunity will be undertaken or completed in accordance with our current
expectations.
Long-Term Liquidity Needs
Our long-term liquidity needs consist primarily of funds necessary to pay for long-term
development activities, non-recurring capital expenditures, potential acquisitions of properties
and payments of debt at maturity. Long-term liquidity needs may also include the payment of
unexpected contingencies, such as remediation of unknown environmental conditions at our properties
or at additional properties that we develop or acquire, or renovations necessary to comply with the
Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990 or other regulatory requirements. We do not expect that we
will have sufficient funds on hand to cover all of our long-term liquidity needs. We will therefore
seek to satisfy these needs through cash flow from operations, additional long-term secured and
unsecured debt, including borrowings under our revolving credit facility, the issuance of debt
securities, the issuance of equity securities and equity-related securities (including OP units),
property dispositions and joint venture transactions. We believe that we will have access to these
sources of capital to fund our long-term liquidity requirements, but we cannot make any assurance
that this will be the case, especially in difficult market conditions.
Commitments
The following table summarizes our contractual commitments as of September 30, 2011 (including
future interest payments) (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Contractual Obligations |
|
Total |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2012-2013 |
|
|
2014-2015 |
|
|
Thereafter |
|
Long-term debt obligations (1) |
|
$ |
192,730 |
|
|
|
82 |
|
|
|
15,136 |
|
|
|
70,980 |
|
|
|
106,532 |
|
Interest payments on outstanding debt obligations |
|
|
42,274 |
|
|
|
3,666 |
|
|
|
15,192 |
|
|
|
12,925 |
|
|
|
10,491 |
|
Operating lease obligations |
|
|
16,344 |
|
|
|
144 |
|
|
|
1,783 |
|
|
|
1,955 |
|
|
|
12,462 |
|
Purchase obligations (2) |
|
|
3,181 |
|
|
|
1,614 |
|
|
|
1,567 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other long-term liabilities |
|
|
289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
289 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
254,818 |
|
|
|
5,506 |
|
|
|
33,967 |
|
|
|
85,860 |
|
|
|
129,485 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Obligations do not include debt maturities related to
unconsolidated entities. Unconsolidated entities have long-term
debt obligations of approximately $110.8 million, which mature at
various dates through 2013. The Company is the guarantor of these
loans. |
|
(2) |
|
Obligations relate to subcontracts executed by Campus Crest
Construction, LLC and Campus Crest Construction, Inc. to complete projects under construction at
September 30, 2011. |
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
HSRE Joint Venture
We use joint venture arrangements to finance certain of our properties. As discussed above, at
September 30, 2011, we were party to two joint venture arrangements with HSRE. The first venture,
in which we own a 49.9%
interest and account for under the equity method, owns 100% interests in six operating
properties. The second
41
venture, in which we own a 20% interest and account for under the equity
method, owns 100% interests in two properties which opened for the 2011-2012 academic year. As
discussed in note 8 to the accompanying condensed consolidated and combined financial statements
contained in Part I herein, our investments in these ventures obligate us for a portion of the
$110.8 million construction debt held in those unconsolidated entities.
Funds From Operations (FFO)
FFO is used by industry analysts and investors as a supplemental operating performance measure
for REITs. We calculate FFO in accordance with the definition that was adopted by the Board of
Governors of the National Association of Real Estate Investment Trusts (NAREIT). FFO, as defined
by NAREIT, represents net income (loss) determined in accordance with U.S. GAAP, excluding
extraordinary items as defined under U.S. GAAP and gains or losses from sales of previously
depreciated operating real estate assets, plus specified non-cash items, such as real estate asset
depreciation and amortization, and after adjustments for unconsolidated partnerships and joint
ventures.
We use FFO as a supplemental performance measure because, in excluding real estate-related
depreciation and amortization and gains and losses from property dispositions, it provides a
performance measure that, when compared year over year, captures trends in occupancy rates, rental
rates and operating expenses. We also believe that, as a widely recognized measure of the
performance of equity REITs, FFO will be used by investors as a basis to compare our operating
performance with that of other REITs. However, because FFO excludes depreciation and amortization
and captures neither the changes in the value of our properties that result from use or market
conditions nor the level of capital expenditures necessary to maintain the operating performance of
our properties, all of which have real economic effects and could materially and adversely impact
our results of operations, the utility of FFO as a measure of our performance is limited.
While FFO is a relevant and widely used measure of operating performance of equity REITs,
other equity REITs may use different methodologies for calculating FFO and, accordingly, FFO as
disclosed by such other REITs may not be comparable to FFO published herein. Therefore, we believe
that in order to facilitate a clear understanding of our historical operating results, FFO should
be examined in conjunction with net income (loss) as presented in the condensed consolidated and combined
financial statements included elsewhere in this report. FFO should not be considered as an
alternative to net income (loss) (computed in accordance with U.S. GAAP) as an indicator of our
properties financial performance or to cash flow from operating activities (computed in accordance
with U.S. GAAP) as an indicator of our liquidity, nor is it indicative of funds available to fund
our cash needs, including our ability to pay dividends or make distributions.
The following table presents a reconciliation of our FFO to our net income (loss) for the
three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 (dollars in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
Net income (loss) |
|
$ |
414 |
|
|
|
(6,302 |
) |
|
|
(701 |
) |
|
|
(14,593 |
) |
Real estate related depreciation and amortization |
|
|
4,809 |
|
|
|
4,442 |
|
|
|
15,054 |
|
|
|
13,722 |
|
Real estate related depreciation and
amortization unconsolidated joint ventures |
|
|
627 |
|
|
|
107 |
|
|
|
1,786 |
|
|
|
264 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funds from operations (FFO) |
|
$ |
5,850 |
|
|
|
(1,753 |
) |
|
|
16,139 |
|
|
|
(607 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
In addition to FFO, we believe it is also a meaningful measure of our performance to
adjust FFO to exclude the change in fair value of interest rate derivatives. Excluding the change
in fair value of interest rate derivatives adjusts FFO to be more reflective of operating results
prior to capital replacement or expansion, debt service obligations or other commitments and
contingencies. This measure is referred to herein as FFOA.
The following table presents a reconciliation of our FFOA to our FFO for the three and nine
months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 (dollars in thousands):
42
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2011 |
|
|
2010 |
|
FFO |
|
$ |
5,850 |
|
|
|
(1,753 |
) |
|
|
16,139 |
|
|
|
(607 |
) |
Elimination of change in fair value of
interest rate derivatives |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(1,545 |
) |
|
|
(337 |
) |
|
|
(4,437 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Funds from operations adjusted (FFOA) |
|
$ |
5,850 |
|
|
|
(3,298 |
) |
|
|
15,802 |
|
|
|
(5,044 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Inflation
Our student housing leases typically do not have terms that extend beyond 12 months.
Accordingly, although on a short-term basis we would be required to bear the impact of rising costs
resulting from inflation, we have the opportunity to raise rental rates at least annually to offset
such rising costs. However, our ability to raise rental rates may be limited by a weak economic
environment, increased competition from new student housing in our primary markets and/or a
reduction in student enrollment at our principal colleges and universities.
Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk
We are exposed to market risk from changes in interest rates. We seek to limit the impact of
interest rate changes on earnings and cash flows and to lower the overall borrowing costs by
closely monitoring our variable rate debt and converting such debt to fixed rates when we deem such
conversion advantageous. As of September 30, 2011, approximately $67.4 million of our aggregate
indebtedness (approximately 35% of total indebtedness) was subject to variable interest rates.
If market rates of interest on our variable rate long-term debt fluctuate by 1.0%, interest
expense would increase or decrease, depending on rate movement, future earnings and cash flows by
approximately $0.7 million annually. This assumes that the amount outstanding under our variable
rate debt remains at $67.4 million, the balance as of September 30, 2011.
We may in the future use derivative financial instruments to manage, or hedge, interest rate
risk related to variable rate borrowings outstanding under our revolving credit facility. We do
not, and do not expect to, use derivatives for trading or speculative purposes, and we expect to
enter into contracts only with major financial institutions.
Item 4. Controls and Procedures
Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
As required by SEC Rule 13a-15(b), we have carried out an evaluation, under the supervision of
and with the participation of management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures
as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on the foregoing, our Chief Executive
Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures for the
periods covered by this report were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed
by us in reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, is
recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules and
forms and is accumulated and communicated to our management, including our Chief Executive Officer
and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required
disclosure.
43
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
Item 1. Legal Proceedings
We are not presently involved in any material litigation nor, to our knowledge, is any
material litigation threatened against us or our properties. We are involved in routine litigation
arising in the ordinary course of business, none of which we believe to be material.
Item 1A. Risk Factors
For a discussion of our potential risks and uncertainties, see the section entitled Risk
Factors beginning on page 9 of our Annual Report on Form 10-K, as amended, for the year ended
December 31, 2010. There have been no material changes to the risk factors disclosed in the Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010.
Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
None.
Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities
None.
Item 4. [Removed and Reserved]
Item 5. Other Information
As of the quarter ended
September 30, 2011, all items required to be disclosed under Form 8-K were reported under Form 8-K.
On October 31, 2011, a subsidiary of the Company and HSRE-Campus Crest VA, LLC, an affiliate of
HSRE, executed the operating agreement (the Agreement) of HSRE-Campus Crest V, LLC, a Delaware limited
liability company and newly-formed joint venture (the Joint Venture). The Joint Venture was formed to acquire,
develop, operate and manage student housing properties in separate pools comprised of student housing properties
that are expected to be completed in the same academic year. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement, the Company
and HSRE own a 10% and 90% membership interest, respectively, in the Joint Venture.
The Company will be responsible for the day-to-day management of the Joint Ventures business and
affairs, provided that major decisions (including budgeting) must be approved by the Company and HSRE. In
addition, we will earn development, construction and management fees for the development and management of the
properties developed through the Joint Venture. The Agreement also provides for the reimbursement of a portion of
our overhead relating to each property developed by the Joint Venture. Pursuant to the terms of the Agreement,
under certain circumstances, the Company will be responsible for funding the amount by which actual development
costs for a property developed by the Joint Venture exceed the budgeted development costs of such property.
The Agreement contains customary representations, warranties and covenants. The acquisition or
development of a student housing property by the Joint Venture is subject to certain funding conditions, including
the execution by our affiliate of a Non-Competition and Right of First Opportunity Agreement, whereby our affiliate
grants to HSRE a right of first opportunity to develop all future student housing development opportunities identified
by us that are funded in part with equity investments by parties unaffiliated with us, until such time as affiliates of
HSRE have invested a total of $50 million in both HSRE-Campus Crest IV, LLC and the Joint Venture or caused
these ventures to decline three development opportunities in any calendar year. The Agreement may be terminated
upon the occurrence of certain events, including an event of default under any loan document relating to Joint
Venture properties.
Item 6. Exhibits
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description of Document |
10.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, by and among Campus Crest Communities Operating
Partnership, LP, Campus Crest Communities, Inc., Citibank, N.A. and the other parties thereto,
dated as of August 17, 2011.(1) |
|
|
|
31.1 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
31.2 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
32.1 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section
1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
101 *
|
|
The following materials from Campus Crest Communities, Inc.s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended September 30, 2011 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): |
|
|
(i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets of Campus Crest Communities, Inc., (ii) the
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and
Campus Crest Communities Predecessor, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in
Equity and Comprehensive Loss of Campus Crest Communities, Inc., (iv) the Condensed Consolidated
and Combined Statements of Cash Flows of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and Campus Crest
Communities Predecessor, and (v) related notes to the Condensed Consolidated and Combined
Financial Statements of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and Campus Crest Communities Predecessor,
tagged as blocks of text. |
|
|
|
|
|
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for
purposes of
Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. |
|
|
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
(1) |
|
Previously filed as an exhibit to the registrants current report on Form 8-K filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 23, 2011 and incorporated herein by
reference. |
44
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, the registrant has
duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
Dated:
November 4, 2011
|
|
|
|
|
|
CAMPUS CREST COMMUNITIES, INC.
|
|
|
By: |
/s/ Donald L. Bobbitt, Jr.
|
|
|
|
Donald L. Bobbitt, Jr. |
|
|
|
Executive Vice President and
Chief Financial Officer (Principal
Financial Officer and Principal
Accounting Officer) |
|
45
Exhibit Index
|
|
|
Exhibit |
|
|
Number |
|
Description of Document |
10.1
|
|
Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, by and among Campus Crest Communities Operating
Partnership, LP, Campus Crest Communities, Inc., Citibank, N.A. and the other parties thereto,
dated as of August 17, 2011.(1) |
|
|
|
31.1 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
31.2 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
32.1 *
|
|
Certification of Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to 18 U.S.C. Section
1350, as Adopted Pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
|
|
|
101 *
|
|
The following materials from Campus Crest Communities, Inc.s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for
the quarter ended September 30, 2011 formatted in XBRL (eXtensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets of Campus Crest Communities, Inc., (ii) the
Condensed Consolidated and Combined Statements of Operations of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and
Campus Crest Communities Predecessor, (iii) the Condensed Consolidated Statement of Changes in
Equity and Comprehensive Loss of Campus Crest Communities, Inc., (iv) the Condensed Consolidated
and Combined Statements of Cash Flows of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and Campus Crest
Communities Predecessor, and (v) related notes to the Condensed Consolidated and Combined
Financial Statements of Campus Crest Communities, Inc. and Campus Crest Communities Predecessor,
tagged as blocks of text. |
|
|
|
|
|
As provided in Rule 406T of Regulation S-T, this information is furnished and not filed for
purposes of Sections 11 and 12 of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 18 of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934. |
|
|
|
* |
|
Filed herewith. |
|
(1) |
|
Previously filed as an exhibit to the registrants current report on Form 8-K filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission on August 23, 2011 and incorporated herein by
reference. |