Edgar Filing: KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE CO

10-Q

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-Q


x	QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2015 or


o	TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission file number 1-33348

KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)



Missouri	44-0308260
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)	(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

3520 Broadway, Kansas City, Missouri	64111-2565
(Address of principal executive offices)	(Zip Code)

816-753-7000

Registrant’s telephone number, including area code

Not Applicable

(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.



Yes x	No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).



Yes x	No o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.



Large accelerated filer o	Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o	Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).



Yes o	No x

Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer's classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.



Common Stock: $1.25 par		10,608,899 shares

Class		Outstanding September 30, 2015

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KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY

TABLE OF CONTENTS



PART I. Financial Information	3

Item 1. Financial Statements	3

Consolidated Balance Sheets	3

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income	4

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity	5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows	6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements	8

Item 2. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations	44

Item 3. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk	67

Item 4. Controls and Procedures	67

PART II. Other Information	68

Item 1. Legal Proceedings	68

Item 1A. Risk Factors	68

Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds	69

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities	69

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures	69

Item 5. Other Information	70

Item 6. Exhibits	71

Signatures	72

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Part I. Financial Information

Item 1. Financial Statements

Amounts in thousands, except share data, or as otherwise noted

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Balance Sheets



	September 30 2015			December 31 2014
	(Unaudited)
ASSETS
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale, at fair value	$	2,697,443		$	2,726,731
Equity securities available for sale, at fair value	24,758			24,881
Mortgage loans	568,952			541,180
Real estate	163,030			181,082
Policy loans	81,748			83,553
Short-term investments	23,071			39,107
Other investments	265			462
Total investments	3,559,267			3,596,996

Cash	9,699			11,011
Accrued investment income	35,775			33,078
Deferred acquisition costs	262,805			249,195
Reinsurance recoverables	200,498			194,425
Property and equipment	16,722			17,527
Other assets	53,670			63,134
Separate account assets	364,621			406,501
Total assets	$	4,503,057		$	4,571,867

LIABILITIES
Future policy benefits	$	930,478		$	930,761
Policyholder account balances	2,060,954			2,072,041
Policy and contract claims	46,405			37,452
Other policyholder funds	173,229			165,062
Other liabilities	197,530			217,291
Separate account liabilities	364,621			406,501
Total liabilities	3,773,217			3,829,108

STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Common stock, par value $1.25 per share
Authorized 36,000,000 shares, issued 18,496,680 shares	23,121			23,121
Additional paid in capital	41,025			41,007
Retained earnings	852,941			838,508
Accumulated other comprehensive income	5,554			23,040
Treasury stock, at cost (2015 - 7,887,781 shares; 2014 - 7,671,475 shares)	(192,801		)	(182,917		)
Total stockholders’ equity	729,840			742,759
Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity	$	4,503,057		$	4,571,867

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income



	Quarter Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
	(Unaudited)						(Unaudited)
REVENUES
Insurance revenues:
Net premiums	$	39,378		$	42,480		$	120,196		$	125,601
Contract charges	28,632			29,541			83,467			89,173
Total insurance revenues	68,010			72,021			203,663			214,774
Investment revenues:
Net investment income	38,277			40,608			118,175			122,650
Net realized investment gains, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses	4,475			981			6,724			3,430
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses	(419		)	(765		)	(2,189		)	(1,221		)
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(9		)	433			(171		)	620
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(428		)	(332		)	(2,360		)	(601		)
Total investment revenues	42,324			41,257			122,539			125,479
Other revenues	1,927			2,385			5,737			7,061
Total revenues	112,261			115,663			331,939			347,314

BENEFITS AND EXPENSES
Policyholder benefits	51,553			49,675			149,699			152,582
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	18,597			18,999			55,626			57,205
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	9,244			9,797			19,586			31,154
Operating expenses	24,707			25,588			73,790			74,321
Total benefits and expenses	104,101			104,059			298,701			315,262

Income before income tax expense	8,160			11,604			33,238			32,052

Income tax expense	2,725			3,644			10,126			9,795

NET INCOME	$	5,435		$	7,960		$	23,112		$	22,257

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS), NET OF TAXES
Change in net unrealized gains on securities available for sale, net of DAC and VOBA	$	(1,783	)	$	(9,096	)	$	(18,941	)	$	29,177
Change in future policy benefits	139			623			1,289			(5,939		)
Change in policyholder account balances	17			41			166			(203		)
Other comprehensive income (loss)	(1,627		)	(8,432		)	(17,486		)	23,035

COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)	$	3,808		$	(472	)	$	5,626		$	45,292

Basic and diluted earnings per share:
Net income	$	0.52		$	0.73		$	2.16		$	2.03

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statement of Stockholders’ Equity



	Nine Months Ended
	September 30, 2015
	(Unaudited)

COMMON STOCK, beginning and end of period	$	23,121

ADDITIONAL PAID IN CAPITAL
Beginning of year	41,007
Excess of proceeds over cost of treasury stock sold	18

End of period	41,025

RETAINED EARNINGS
Beginning of year	838,508
Net income	23,112
Stockholder dividends of $0.81 per share	(8,679		)

End of period	852,941

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
Beginning of year	23,040
Other comprehensive loss	(17,486		)

End of period	5,554

TREASURY STOCK, at cost
Beginning of year	(182,917		)
Cost of 216,866 shares acquired	(9,892		)
Cost of 560 shares sold	8

End of period	(192,801		)

TOTAL STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY	$	729,840

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			2014
	(Unaudited)
OPERATING ACTIVITIES
Net income	$	23,112		$	22,257
Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by operating activities:
Amortization of investment premium and discount	3,193			3,299
Depreciation	4,083			3,474
Acquisition costs capitalized	(27,639		)	(26,539		)
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	19,586			31,154
Realized investment gains	(4,364		)	(2,829		)
Changes in assets and liabilities:
Reinsurance recoverables	(6,073		)	(1,064		)
Future policy benefits	1,699			7,944
Policyholder account balances	(16,205		)	(14,493		)
Income taxes payable and deferred	4,126			545
Other, net	8,507			(3,522		)
Net cash provided	10,025			20,226

INVESTING ACTIVITIES
Purchases:
Fixed maturity securities	(202,067		)	(239,616		)
Equity securities	(38		)	(89		)
Mortgage loans	(100,370		)	(23,349		)
Real estate	(1,845		)	(5,182		)
Policy loans	(6,867		)	(8,181		)
Other investments	(134		)	—
Sales or maturities, calls, and principal paydowns:
Fixed maturity securities	193,174			151,877
Equity securities	33			15
Mortgage loans	72,007			80,268
Real estate	19,905			2,538
Policy loans	8,674			8,446
Other investments	387			5,000
Net sales of short-term investments	16,036			20,905
Acquisition of property and equipment	(426		)	(1,388		)
Net cash used	(1,531		)	(8,756		)

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows (Continued)



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			2014
	(Unaudited)
FINANCING ACTIVITIES
Proceeds from borrowings	$	1,000		$	—
Repayment of borrowings	(1,000		)	—
Deposits on policyholder account balances	167,009			187,724
Withdrawals from policyholder account balances	(169,090		)	(194,432		)
Net transfers from separate accounts	7,345			5,157
Change in other deposits	3,475			2,814
Cash dividends to stockholders	(8,679		)	(8,883		)
Net change in treasury stock	(9,866		)	(3,641		)
Net cash used	(9,806		)	(11,261		)

Increase (decrease) in cash	(1,312		)	209
Cash at beginning of year	11,011			8,197
Cash at end of period	$	9,699		$	8,406

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:
Cash paid during the period for:
Income taxes	$	6,000		$	9,250

See accompanying Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

1. Nature of Operations and Significant Accounting Policies

Basis of Presentation

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes include the accounts of the consolidated entity (the Company), which primarily consists of three life insurance companies. Kansas City Life Insurance Company (Kansas City Life) is the parent company. Sunset Life Insurance Company of America (Sunset Life) and Old American Insurance Company (Old American) are wholly-owned subsidiaries. The Company also has several non-insurance subsidiaries that individually and collectively are not material.

The unaudited interim consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the basis of U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) for interim financial reporting, along with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Regulations S-K, S-X, and other applicable regulations. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures required by GAAP for complete financial statements. As such, these unaudited interim consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended. Management believes that the disclosures are adequate to make the information presented not misleading, and all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly the financial position and the results of operations for all periods presented have been made. The results of operations for any interim period are not necessarily indicative of the Company's operating results for a full year. Significant intercompany transactions have been eliminated in consolidation and certain immaterial reclassifications have been made to prior period results to conform with the current period's presentation.

The preparation of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions relating to the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the unaudited interim consolidated financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the period. These estimates are inherently subject to change and actual results could differ from these estimates.

Significant Accounting Policies

Please refer to the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended, for a full discussion of the Company's significant accounting policies. No significant updates or changes to these policies occurred during the nine months ended September 30, 2015.

2. New Accounting Pronouncements

Accounting Pronouncements Issued, Not Yet Adopted

In May 2014, the FASB issued guidance regarding accounting for revenue recognition that identifies the accounting treatment for an entity’s contracts with customers. Certain contracts, including insurance contracts, are specifically excluded from this guidance. However, certain other types of contracts may impact the financial statements of insurance providers. In August 2015, the FASB deferred the effective date of this guidance for public entities to annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance.

In August 2014, the FASB issued guidance that requires management to evaluate whether there are concerns or events that raise substantial doubt about the entity's ability to continue as a going concern within one year after the date the financial statements are issued. Disclosures are required when certain criteria are met. This guidance is effective for annual periods ending after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance, but it does not believe that there will be a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

In February 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding the analysis that a reporting entity must perform to determine whether it should consolidate certain types of legal entities. Under this guidance, previous consolidation conclusions may change and additional disclosures may be required. This guidance is effective for public entities for fiscal years and interim periods within those fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance, but it does not believe that there will be a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

In April 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding a customer's accounting for fees paid in a cloud computing arrangement and whether a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license. If a cloud computing arrangement includes a software license, a customer should account for the software license element of the arrangement consistent with the acquisition of other software licenses. If a cloud computing arrangement does not include a software license, a customer should account for the arrangement as a service contract. The new guidance does not change the accounting for a customer's accounting for service contracts. This guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance, but it does not believe that there will be a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

In May 2015, the FASB issued guidance targeted to improve disclosures related to short-duration contracts. Additional disclosures will be required about insurance liabilities to provide information regarding the nature, amount, timing, and uncertainty of future

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

cash flows related to insurance liabilities and the effect of those cash flows on the statement of comprehensive income. This guidance is effective for public entities for annual periods beginning after December 15, 2015, and interim periods within annual periods beginning after December 15, 2016. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance, but it does not believe that there will be a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

In July 2015, the FASB issued guidance regarding employee benefit accounting. The guidance is divided into three parts. First, the guidance requires a pension plan to use contract value as the only required measure for fully benefit-responsive investment contracts. Second, the guidance simplifies and increases the effectiveness of the investment disclosure requirements for employee benefit plans. Third, the guidance provides benefit plans with a measurement date practical expedient. This guidance is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2015. The Company is currently evaluating this guidance, but it does not believe that there will be a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

All other new accounting standards and updates of existing standards issued through the date of this filing were considered by management and did not relate to accounting policies and procedures pertinent to the Company at this time or were not expected to have a material impact to the consolidated financial statements.

3. Prior Year Adoption of Accounting Principle

On December 31, 2014, the Company retrospectively adopted FASB Accounting Standards Update (ASU) No. 2014-01, Accounting for Investments in Qualified Affordable Housing Projects. Under ASU No. 2014-01, the Company elected to use the proportional amortization method, which requires an entity to amortize the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and to recognize the net investment performance in the income statement as a component of income tax expense (benefit). As a result of the retrospective adoption, results previously reported in the Company's September 30, 2014 10-Q have been adjusted as follows. Income tax expense decreased $0.2 million, net income increased $0.2 million, and net income per share increased $0.02 for the quarter ended September 30, 2014. Income tax expense decreased $0.5 million, net income increased $0.5 million, and net income per share increased $0.05 for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. The adoption did not impact net cash provided by operating activities for the quarter or nine months ended September 30, 2014.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

4. Investments

Fixed Maturity and Equity Securities Available for Sale

Securities by Asset Class

The following table provides amortized cost and fair value of securities by asset class at September 30, 2015.



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	149,268	$	10,099	$	10	$	159,357
Federal agencies ¹	19,778		1,709		—		21,487
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities¹	36,437		3,828		1		40,264
Subtotal	205,483		15,636		11		221,108
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	541,757		28,077		6,219		563,615
Energy	234,347		10,912		6,016		239,243
Communications and technology	245,259		13,591		1,220		257,630
Financial	223,185		15,808		986		238,007
Consumer	552,741		24,585		2,188		575,138
Public utilities	230,391		20,946		277		251,060
Subtotal	2,027,680		113,919		16,906		2,124,693
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities	75,671		3,688		20		79,339
Municipal securities	134,110		20,052		50		154,112
Other	99,429		3,668		2,381		100,716
Redeemable preferred stocks	17,446		367		338		17,475
Fixed maturity securities	2,559,819		157,330		19,706		2,697,443
Equity securities	23,486		1,475		203		24,758
Total	$	2,583,305	$	158,805	$	19,909	$	2,722,201

¹Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table provides amortized cost and fair value of securities by asset class at December 31, 2014.



	Amortized Cost		Gross Unrealized				Fair Value
	Amortized Cost		Gains		Losses		Fair Value
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	154,937	$	9,939	$	83	$	164,793
Federal agencies ¹	19,769		2,182		—		21,951
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities¹	44,287		4,457		2		48,742
Subtotal	218,993		16,578		85		235,486
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	527,269		33,400		1,292		559,377
Energy	219,518		14,147		3,575		230,090
Communications and technology	226,442		16,705		242		242,905
Financial	276,586		18,826		1,083		294,329
Consumer	517,050		28,290		1,261		544,079
Public utilities	225,375		24,932		228		250,079
Subtotal	1,992,240		136,300		7,681		2,120,859
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities	90,819		4,463		—		95,282
Municipal securities	135,518		22,974		—		158,492
Other	98,373		3,818		2,718		99,473
Redeemable preferred stocks	17,473		379		713		17,139
Fixed maturity securities	2,553,416		184,512		11,197		2,726,731
Equity securities	23,576		1,895		590		24,881
Total	$	2,576,992	$	186,407	$	11,787	$	2,751,612

¹ Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Contractual Maturities

The following table provides the distribution of maturities for fixed maturity securities available for sale. Expected maturities may differ from these contractual maturities since borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.



	September 30, 2015				December 31, 2014
	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Fair Value
Due in one year or less	$	122,991	$	124,970	$	165,955	$	168,913
Due after one year through five years	737,969		794,247		694,809		757,397
Due after five years through ten years	1,142,609		1,171,345		1,045,557		1,087,891
Due after ten years	379,505		418,472		438,719		490,976
Securities with variable principal payments	159,299		170,934		190,903		204,415
Redeemable preferred stocks	17,446		17,475		17,473		17,139
Total	$	2,559,819	$	2,697,443	2,553,416		2,726,731

No material derivative financial instruments were held during the first nine months of 2015 or 2014.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

Unrealized Losses on Investments

At the end of each quarter, all securities are reviewed to determine whether impairments exist and whether other-than-temporary impairments should be recorded. This quarterly process includes an assessment of the credit quality of each investment in the entire securities portfolio. Additional reporting and review procedures are conducted for those securities where fair value is less than 90% of amortized cost. The Company prepares a formal review document no less often than quarterly of all investments where fair value is less than 80% of amortized cost for six months or more and selected investments that have changed significantly from a previous period and that have a decline in fair value greater than 10% of amortized cost. For additional information on the Company's process and considerations, as well as related accounting when other-than-temporary impairments are identified, please refer to Note 4 - Investments of the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time at September 30, 2015.



	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	2,200	$	10	$	—	$	—	$	2,200	$	10
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹	32		—		313		1		345		1
Subtotal	2,232		10		313		1		2,545		11
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	111,287		5,093		4,910		1,126		116,197		6,219
Energy	55,148		3,000		35,052		3,016		90,200		6,016
Communications and technology	56,751		1,220		—		—		56,751		1,220
Financial	11,846		148		5,044		838		16,890		986
Consumer	84,097		1,802		8,143		386		92,240		2,188
Public utilities	8,895		158		3,878		119		12,773		277
Subtotal	328,024		11,421		57,027		5,485		385,051		16,906
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities	3,896		20		—		—		3,896		20
Municipal securities	3,146		50		—		—		3,146		50
Other	11,929		113		30,231		2,268		42,160		2,381
Redeemable preferred stocks	—		—		6,689		338		6,689		338
Fixed maturity securities	349,227		11,614		94,260		8,092		443,487		19,706
Equity securities	3,084		76		4,902		127		7,986		203
Total	$	352,311	$	11,690	$	99,162	$	8,219	$	451,473	$	19,909

¹Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table provides information regarding fixed maturity and equity security investments available for sale with unrealized losses by length of time at December 31, 2014.



	Less Than 12 Months				12 Months or Longer				Total
	Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Unrealized Losses
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	468	$	—	$	4,944	$	83	$	5,412	$	83
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹	60		2		281		—		341		2
Subtotal	528		2		5,225		83		5,753		85
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	15,289		184		42,830		1,108		58,119		1,292
Energy	40,493		1,962		36,789		1,613		77,282		3,575
Communications and technology	5,061		33		9,676		209		14,737		242
Financial	14,831		165		4,963		918		19,794		1,083
Consumer	10,991		165		40,185		1,096		51,176		1,261
Public utilities	—		—		6,768		228		6,768		228
Subtotal	86,665		2,509		141,211		5,172		227,876		7,681
Other	12,567		396		30,210		2,322		42,777		2,718
Redeemable preferred stocks	—		—		9,404		713		9,404		713
Fixed maturity securities	99,760		2,907		186,050		8,290		285,810		11,197
Equity securities	—		—		11,515		590		11,515		590
Total	$	99,760	$	2,907	$	197,565	$	8,880	$	297,325	$	11,787

¹Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

At September 30, 2015, the Company had 152 issues in its investment portfolio of fixed maturity and equity securities with unrealized losses. Included in this total, 123 security issues were below cost for less than one year; 23 security issues were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and six security issues were below cost for three years or more. At December 31, 2014, the Company had 96 issues in its investment portfolio of fixed maturity and equity securities with unrealized losses. Included in this total, 40 security issues were below cost for less than one year; 50 security issues were below cost for one year or more and less than three years; and six security issues were below cost for three years or more.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in fixed maturity and equity securities available for sale with unrealized losses at September 30, 2015.



	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	429,069	$	415,866	$	13,203
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	20,973		18,275		2,698
Subtotal	450,042		434,141		15,901
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	7,051		5,266		1,785
Twelve months or greater	908		594		314
Total investment grade	7,959		5,860		2,099
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	5,274		3,476		1,798
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	5,274		3,476		1,798
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	13,233		9,336		3,897
Subtotal	463,275		443,477		19,798

Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	7,997		7,938		59
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	—		—		—
Subtotal	7,997		7,938		59
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	110		58		52
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total investment grade	110		58		52
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	110		58		52
Subtotal	8,107		7,996		111
Total	$	471,382	$	451,473	$	19,909

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in securities available for sale with unrealized losses at December 31, 2014.



	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	295,543	$	286,130	$	9,413
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	8,973		7,874		1,099
Subtotal	304,516		294,004		10,512
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	908		663		245
Total investment grade	908		663		245
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	908		663		245
Subtotal	305,424		294,667		10,757

Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	—		—		—
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	—		—		—
Subtotal	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	3,688		2,658		1,030
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total investment grade	3,688		2,658		1,030
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	3,688		2,658		1,030
Subtotal	3,688		2,658		1,030
Total	$	309,112	$	297,325	$	11,787

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table provides information on fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses by actual or equivalent Standard & Poor’s rating at September 30, 2015.



	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	9,872	2	%	$	125	1	%
AA	62,534		14	%	2,205		10	%
A	129,666		29	%	2,769		14	%
BBB	214,393		49	%	11,737		60	%
Total investment grade	416,465		94	%	16,836		85	%
BB	17,519		4	%	2,755		14	%
B and below	9,503		2	%	115		1	%
Total below investment grade	27,022		6	%	2,870		15	%
	$	443,487	100	%	$	19,706	100	%

The following table provides information on fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses by actual or equivalent Standard & Poor’s rating at December 31, 2014.



	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	7,953	3	%	$	47	—	%
AA	37,702		13	%	1,670		15	%
A	91,299		32	%	2,840		26	%
BBB	132,230		46	%	4,580		41	%
Total investment grade	269,184		94	%	9,137		82	%
BB	13,969		5	%	1,031		9	%
B and below	2,657		1	%	1,029		9	%
Total below investment grade	16,626		6	%	2,060		18	%
	$	285,810	100	%	$	11,197	100	%

The Company’s residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities that were rated below investment grade were 41% of the total at September 30, 2015 and 40% of the total at December 31, 2014.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table provides the distribution of maturities for fixed maturity securities available for sale with unrealized losses. Expected maturities may differ from these contractual maturities since borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations.



	September 30, 2015				December 31, 2014
	Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Fixed maturity securities available for sale:
Due in one year or less	$	—	$	—	$	5,052	$	115
Due after one year through five years	26,401		306		21,033		960
Due after five years through ten years	350,169		15,595		202,240		5,772
Due after ten years	55,981		3,446		47,740		3,635
Total	432,551		19,347		276,065		10,482
Securities with variable principal payments	4,247		21		341		2
Redeemable preferred stocks	6,689		338		9,404		713
Total	$	443,487	$	19,706	$	285,810	$	11,197

The Company does not consider these unrealized losses to be credit-related. The unrealized losses at September 30, 2015 primarily relate to changes in interest rates and market spreads subsequent to purchase. A substantial portion of investment securities that have unrealized losses are either corporate debt issued with investment grade credit ratings or other investment securities. Other investment securities include residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities. The discounted future cash flow calculation typically becomes the primary determinant of whether any portion and to what extent an unrealized loss is due to credit on loan-backed and similar asset-backed securities with significant indications of potential other-than-temporary impairment. Such indications typically include below investment grade ratings and significant unrealized losses for an extended period of time, among other factors. The Company identified 21 and 22 non-U.S. agency mortgage-backed securities that were determined to have such indications at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. A discounted future cash flow analysis was performed for each of these securities to determine if any portion of the impairment was due to credit and deemed to be other-than-temporary. This amount is recognized as a realized loss in the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income and the carrying value of the security is written down by the same amount. The portion of an impairment that is determined not to be due to credit is recorded as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The discount rate used in calculating the present value of future cash flows was the investment yield at the time of purchase for each security. The initial default rates were assumed to remain constant or grade down over time, reflecting the Company's estimate of stabilized collateral performance in the future for such securities.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following tables present the range of significant assumptions used in projecting the future cash flows of the Company's residential mortgage-backed securities, commercial mortgage-backed securities, and asset-backed securities. The Company believes that the assumptions below are reasonable and they are based largely upon the actual historical results of the underlying security collateral.



	September 30, 2015
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2003	0.8	%	1.0	%	30	%	35	%	12.0	%	16.0	%
2004	0.8	%	7.6	%	35	%	73	%	10.0	%	16.0	%
2005	3.5	%	10.6	%	35	%	71	%	6.0	%	20.0	%
2006	8.8	%	8.8	%	85	%	85	%	8.0	%	8.0	%
2007	10.4	%	10.4	%	62	%	62	%	10.0	%	10.0	%


	December 31, 2014
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2003	0.8	%	1.0	%	30	%	35	%	12.0	%	16.0	%
2004	0.8	%	7.0	%	35	%	65	%	8.0	%	18.0	%
2005	4.8	%	12.6	%	35	%	71	%	6.0	%	18.0	%
2006	5.7	%	8.4	%	35	%	85	%	8.0	%	16.0	%
2007	11.0	%	11.0	%	59	%	59	%	8.0	%	8.0	%

Significant unrealized losses on securities can continue for extended periods of time, particularly for certain individual securities. While this can be an indication of potential credit impairments, it can also be an indication of illiquidity in a particular sector or security. In addition, the fair value of an individual security can be heavily influenced by the complexities of varying market sentiment or uncertainty regarding the prospects for an individual security. Based upon the process described above, the Company is best able to determine if and to what extent credit impairment may exist in these securities by performing present value calculations of projected future cash flows at the conclusion of each reporting period. By reviewing the most recent data available regarding the security and other relevant industry and market factors, the Company can modify assumptions used in the cash flow projections and determine the best estimate of the portion of any impairment that is due to credit at the conclusion of each period.

The Company closely monitors its investments in securities classified as subprime. Less than 1% of the Company's total investments were in these types of investments at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

The Company also monitors structured securities through a combination of an analysis of vintage, credit ratings, and other factors. Structured securities include asset-backed, residential mortgage-backed securities, along with collateralized debt obligations, and other collateralized obligations.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following tables divide these investment types among vintage and credit ratings.



	September 30, 2015
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & non-agency MBS: ¹
Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	4,563	$	4,400	$	163
2004	5,645		5,402		243
2005	2,841		2,830		11
Total investment grade	13,049		12,632		417
Below Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	2,248		2,150		98
2004	24,179		23,109		1,070
2005	44,679		42,812		1,867
2006	1,971		947		1,024
2007	2,994		2,798		196
Total below investment grade	76,071		71,816		4,255
Other structured securities:
Investment grade	60,005		59,749		256
Below investment grade	14,716		15,666		(950		)
Total other	74,721		75,415		(694		)
Total structured securities	$	163,841	$	159,863	$	3,978

¹This table accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.



	December 31, 2014
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & non-agency MBS: ¹
Investment grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	8,249	$	7,910	$	339
2004	6,459		6,177		282
Total investment grade	14,708		14,087		621
Below investment grade:
2004	29,647		28,080		1,567
2005	55,806		53,741		2,065
2006	3,528		2,406		1,122
2007	3,386		3,164		222
Total below investment grade	92,367		87,391		4,976
Other structured securities:
Investment grade	57,672		57,658		14
Below investment grade	14,728		16,073		(1,345		)
Total other	72,400		73,731		(1,331		)
Total structured securities	$	179,475	$	175,209	$	4,266

¹This table accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The Company recognized other-than-temporary impairments on corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed and other securities of $0.4 million and $0.3 million for the third quarters and $2.4 million and $0.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The following table provides a reconciliation of credit losses recognized in earnings on fixed maturity securities held by the Company for which a portion of the other-than-temporary impairment loss was recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).



	Quarter Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Credit losses on securities held at beginning of the period	$	19,811		$	16,634		$	17,889		$	16,375
Additions for credit losses not previously recognized in other-than-temporary impairment	—			20			—			24
Additions (reductions) for increases in the credit loss for which an other-than-temporary impairment was previously recognized when there was no intent to sell the security before recovery of its amortized cost basis	428			312			2,360			577
Reductions for increases in cash flows expected to be collected that are recognized over the remaining life of the security	(5		)	(4		)	(15		)	(14		)
Credit losses on securities held at the end of the period	$	20,234		$	16,962		$	20,234		$	16,962

The Company reviews and evaluates information on securities previously impaired and still owned. The identification of additional information or further deteriorations could result in additional impairments in future periods.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

Realized Gains (Losses)

The following table provides detail concerning realized investment gains and losses.



	Quarter Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Gross gains resulting from:
Sales of investment securities	$	223		$	61		$	259		$	672
Investment securities called and other	288			179			2,875			1,841
Real estate	4,212			495			4,215			834
Total gross gains	4,723			735			7,349			3,347
Gross losses resulting from:
Sales of investment securities	—			(15		)	—			(15		)
Investment securities called and other	(114		)	(46		)	(227		)	(357		)
Sale of real estate and joint venture	—			(60		)	—			(60		)
Mortgage loans	(64		)	(266		)	(269		)	(356		)
Total gross losses	(178		)	(387		)	(496		)	(788		)
Change in allowance for loan losses	(64		)	630			(102		)	926
Amortization of DAC and VOBA	(6		)	3			(27		)	(55		)
Net realized investment gains, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses	4,475			981			6,724			3,430

Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Other-than-temporary impairment losses on fixed maturity and equity securities	(419		)	(765		)	(2,189		)	(1,221		)
Portion of loss recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(9		)	433			(171		)	620
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(428		)	(332		)	(2,360		)	(601		)
Net realized investment gains	$	4,047		$	649		$	4,364		$	2,829

Proceeds From Sales of Investment Securities

The table below details proceeds from the sale of fixed maturity and equity securities, excluding maturities and calls.



	Quarter Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30				September 30
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Proceeds	$	6,248	$	9,492	$	7,287	$	22,135

Mortgage Loans

The Company invests in commercial mortgage loans that are secured by commercial real estate and are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premium and accrual of discount, less an allowance for loan losses. This allowance is maintained at a level believed by management to be adequate to absorb estimated credit losses and was $2.0 million at September 30, 2015 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2014. The Company had 16% of its total investments in commercial mortgage loans at September 30, 2015, which is an increase from 15% at December 31, 2014. In addition to the subject collateral underlying the mortgage, the Company typically requires some amount of recourse from borrowers as another potential source of repayment. The recourse requirement is determined as part of the underwriting requirements of each loan. The average loan to value ratio for the overall portfolio was 47% at September 30, 2015 and 46% at December 31, 2014. These ratios are based upon the current balance of loans relative to the appraisal of value at the time the loan was originated or acquired.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table identifies the gross mortgage loan principal outstanding and the allowance for loan losses.



	September 30 2015			December 31 2014
Principal outstanding	$	570,968		$	543,094
Allowance for loan losses	(2,016		)	(1,914		)
Carrying value	$	568,952		$	541,180

The following table summarizes the amount of mortgage loans held by the Company, segregated by year of origination. Purchased loans are shown in the year acquired by the Company, although the individual loans may have been initially originated in prior years.



	September 30 2015		% of Total		December 31 2014		% of Total
Prior to 2006	$	32,317	6	%	$	47,843	9	%
2006	12,923		2	%	16,280		3	%
2007	18,023		3	%	19,991		4	%
2008	21,826		4	%	22,938		4	%
2009	11,682		2	%	20,754		4	%
2010	38,576		7	%	51,205		9	%
2011	85,628		15	%	91,943		17	%
2012	110,896		19	%	133,912		25	%
2013	67,450		12	%	77,784		14	%
2014	58,245		10	%	60,444		11	%
2015	113,402		20	%	—		—	%
Principal outstanding	$	570,968	100	%	$	543,094	100	%

The following table identifies mortgage loans by geographic location.



	September 30 2015		% of Total		December 31 2014		% of Total
Pacific	$	126,181	22	%	$	131,109	25	%
West south central	106,430		19	%	94,122		17	%
West north central	77,990		14	%	78,027		14	%
Mountain	64,888		11	%	68,961		13	%
East north central	70,519		12	%	64,013		12	%
South Atlantic	74,707		13	%	60,557		11	%
Middle Atlantic	29,039		5	%	21,877		4	%
East south central	21,214		4	%	24,428		4	%
Principal outstanding	$	570,968	100	%	$	543,094	100	%

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table identifies the concentration of mortgage loans by state greater than 5% of total.



	September 30 2015		% of Total		December 31 2014		% of Total
California	$	105,894	19	%	$	108,683	20	%
Texas	102,387		18	%	89,923		16	%
Minnesota	57,908		10	%	55,916		10	%
Ohio	38,422		7	%	30,432		6	%
Florida	31,055		5	%	26,452		5	%
All others	235,302		41	%	231,688		43	%
Principal outstanding	$	570,968	100	%	$	543,094	100	%

The following table identifies mortgage loans by property type. The Other category consists principally of apartments and retail properties.



	September 30 2015		% of Total		December 31 2014		% of Total
Industrial	$	306,885	53	%	$	281,671	51	%
Office	169,303		30	%	165,859		31	%
Medical	28,418		5	%	25,617		5	%
Other	66,362		12	%	69,947		13	%
Principal outstanding	$	570,968	100	%	$	543,094	100	%

The table below identifies mortgage loans by maturity.



	September 30 2015		% of Total		December 31 2014		% of Total
Due in one year or less	$	27,039	5	%	$	27,607	5	%
Due after one year through five years	106,669		19	%	145,530		27	%
Due after five years through ten years	133,805		23	%	143,382		26	%
Due after ten years	303,455		53	%	226,575		42	%
Principal outstanding	$	570,968	100	%	$	543,094	100	%

The Company may refinance commercial mortgage loans prior to contractual maturity as a means of originating new loans that meet the Company's underwriting and pricing parameters. The Company refinanced seven loans with outstanding balances totaling $19.3 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2015 and four loans with outstanding balances totaling $7.8 million during the quarter ended September 30, 2014. The Company refinanced 13 loans with outstanding balances of $26.0 million during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and nine loans with outstanding balances totaling $14.4 million during the nine months ended and September 30, 2014.

In the normal course of business, the Company generally commits to fund commercial mortgage loans up to 120 days in advance. These commitments typically have fixed expiration dates. A small percentage of commitments expire due to the borrower's failure to deliver the requirements of the commitment by the expiration date. In these cases, the Company retains the commitment fee. For additional information, please see Note 16 - Commitments.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

5. Fair Value Measurements

Under GAAP, fair value represents the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability (exit price) in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is the Company’s practice to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements.

The Company categorizes its financial assets and liabilities measured at fair value in three levels, based on the inputs and assumptions used to determine the fair value. These levels are as follows:

Level 1 - Valuations are based upon unadjusted quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.

Level 2 - Valuations are based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market. Valuations are obtained from third-party pricing services or inputs that are observable or derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data.

Level 3 - Valuations are generated from techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company's assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset or liability. Valuation techniques include the use of discounted cash flow models, spread-based models, and similar techniques, using the best information available in the circumstances.

Following is a description of valuation methodologies used for assets and liabilities recorded at fair value and for estimating fair value for financial instruments not recorded at fair value but for which fair value is disclosed.

Assets

Securities Available for Sale

Fixed maturity and equity securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurement is based upon unadjusted quoted prices, if available, except as described in the subsequent paragraphs.

Cash and Short-Term Investments

Cash and short-term investments include cash and highly-liquid investments in institutional money market funds. The carrying value of cash and short-term investments approximates the fair value and are categorized as Level 1. Fair value is provided for disclosure purposes only.

Loans

The Company does not record loans at fair value. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for loans are primarily for estimating fair value for purpose of disclosure.

Fair values of mortgage loans on real estate properties are calculated by discounting contractual cash flows, using discount rates based on current industry pricing or the Company’s estimate of an appropriate risk-adjusted discount rate for loans of similar size, type, remaining maturity, likelihood of prepayment, and repricing characteristics. Mortgage loans are categorized as Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.

The Company also has loans made to policyholders. These loans cannot exceed the cash surrender value of the policy. Carrying value of policy loans approximates fair value. Policy loans are categorized as Level 3.

Separate Accounts

The separate account assets and liabilities, which are equal, are recorded at fair value based upon net asset value (NAV) of the underlying investment holdings as derived from closing prices on a national exchange or as provided by the issuer. This is the value at which a policyholder could transact with the issuer on the date. Separate accounts are categorized as Level 2.

Liabilities

Investment-Type Liabilities Included in Policyholder Account Balances and Other Policyholder Funds

The fair values of supplementary contracts and annuities without life contingencies are estimated to be the present value of payments at a market yield. The fair values of deposits with no stated maturity are estimated to be the amount payable on demand at the measurement date. These liabilities are categorized as Level 3. The Company has not estimated the fair value of the liabilities under contracts that involve significant mortality or morbidity risks, as these liabilities fall within the definition of insurance contracts. Insurance contracts are excluded from financial instruments that require disclosures of fair value.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

Guaranteed Minimum Withdrawal Benefits (GMWB) Included in Other Policyholder Funds

The Company offers a GMWB rider that can be added to new or existing variable annuity contracts. The rider provides an enhanced withdrawal benefit that guarantees a stream of payments to an owner or annuitant, regardless of the contract account value. Fair value for GMWB rider contracts is a Level 3 valuation, as it is based on models which utilize significant unobservable inputs. These models require actuarial and financial market assumptions, which reflect the assumptions market participants would use in pricing the contract, including adjustments for volatility, risk, and issuer non-performance.

Determination of Fair Value

The Company utilizes external third-party pricing services to determine the majority of its fair values on investment securities available for sale. At September 30, 2015, approximately 98% of the carrying value of these investments was from external pricing services, 1% was from brokers, and 1% was derived from internal matrices and calculations. At December 31, 2014, approximately 97% of the carrying value of these investments was from external pricing services, 1% was from brokers, and 2% was derived from internal matrices and calculations. In the event that the primary pricing service does not provide a price, the Company utilizes the price provided by a second pricing service. The Company reviews prices received from service providers for reasonableness and unusual fluctuations but generally accepts the price identified from the primary pricing service. In the event a price is not available from either third-party pricing service, the Company pursues external pricing from brokers. Generally, the Company pursues and utilizes only one broker quote per security. In doing so, the Company solicits only brokers which have previously demonstrated knowledge and experience of the subject security. If a broker price is not available, the Company determines a fair value through various valuation techniques that may include discounted cash flows, spread-based models, or similar techniques, depending upon the specific security to be priced. These techniques are primarily applied to private placement securities. The Company utilizes available market information, wherever possible, to identify inputs into the fair value determination, primarily prices and spreads on comparable securities.

Each quarter, the Company evaluates the prices received from third-party security pricing services and independent brokers to ensure that the prices represent a reasonable estimate of the fair value within the macro-economic environment, sector factors, and overall pricing trends and expectations. The Company corroborates and validates the primary pricing sources through a variety of procedures that include but are not limited to comparison to additional third-party pricing services or brokers, where possible; back testing; in-depth specific analytics on randomly selected issues; and comparison of prices to actual trades for specific securities where observable data exists. In addition, the Company analyzes the primary third-party pricing service's methodologies and related inputs and also evaluates the various types of securities in its investment portfolio to determine an appropriate fair value hierarchy. Finally, the Company also performs additional evaluations when individual prices fall outside tolerance levels when comparing prices received from third-party pricing services.

Fair value measurements for assets and liabilities where there exists limited or no observable market data are calculated using the Company’s own estimates and are categorized as Level 3. These estimates are based on current interest rates, credit spreads, liquidity premium or discount, the economic and competitive environment, unique characteristics of the asset or liability, and other pertinent factors. Therefore, these estimates cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset or liability. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any valuation technique. Further, changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future values.

The Company’s own estimates of fair value of fixed maturity and equity securities may be derived in a number of ways, including but not limited to: 1) pricing provided by brokers, where the price indicates reliability as to value; 2) fair values of comparable securities, incorporating a spread adjustment for maturity differences, collateralization, credit quality, liquidity, and other items, if applicable; 3) discounted cash flow models and margin spreads; 4) bond yield curves; 5) observable market prices and exchange transaction information not provided by external pricing services; and 6) statement values provided to the Company by fund managers.

The fair value of the GMWB embedded derivative is calculated using a discounted cash flow valuation model that projects future cash flows under multiple risk neutral stochastic equity scenarios. The risk neutral scenarios are generated using the current swap curve and projected equity volatilities and correlations. The equity correlations are based on historical price observations. For policyholder behavior assumptions, expected lapse and utilization assumptions are used and updated for actual experience. The mortality assumption uses the 2000 US Annuity Basic Mortality Table. The present value of cash flows is determined using the discount rate curve, based upon London Interbank Offered Rate (LIBOR) plus a credit spread. The fair value of the GMWB embedded derivative was not material during the first nine months of 2015 or 2014.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

Categories Reported at Fair Value

The following tables present categories reported at fair value on a recurring basis.



	September 30, 2015
	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	12,238		$	147,119		$	—		$	159,357
Federal agencies ¹	—			21,487			—			21,487
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹	—			40,264			—			40,264
Subtotal	12,238			208,870			—			221,108
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	—			563,615			—			563,615
Energy	—			239,243			—			239,243
Communications and technology	—			257,630			—			257,630
Financial	—			238,007			—			238,007
Consumer	—			575,138			—			575,138
Public utilities	—			251,060			—			251,060
Subtotal	—			2,124,693			—			2,124,693
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities	—			79,339			—			79,339
Municipal securities	—			154,112			—			154,112
Other	—			100,044			672			100,716
Redeemable preferred stocks	—			17,475			—			17,475
Fixed maturity securities	12,238			2,684,533			672			2,697,443
Equity securities	5,133			19,625			—			24,758
Total	$	17,371		$	2,704,158		$	672		$	2,722,201

Percent of total	1		%	99		%	—		%	100		%

Liabilities:
Other policyholder funds
Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits	$	—		$	—		$	(2,685	)	$	(2,685	)
Total	$	—		$	—		$	(2,685	)	$	(2,685	)

¹Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)



	December 31, 2014
	Level 1			Level 2			Level 3			Total
Assets:
U.S. Treasury securities and obligations of U.S. Government	$	12,247		$	152,546		$	—		$	164,793
Federal agencies ¹	—			21,951			—			21,951
Federal agency issued residential mortgage-backed securities ¹	—			48,742			—			48,742
Subtotal	12,247			223,239			—			235,486
Corporate obligations:
Industrial	—			559,377			—			559,377
Energy	—			230,090			—			230,090
Communications and technology	—			242,905			—			242,905
Financial	—			294,329			—			294,329
Consumer	—			544,079			—			544,079
Public utilities	—			250,079			—			250,079
Subtotal	—			2,120,859			—			2,120,859
Corporate private-labeled residential mortgage-backed securities	—			95,282			—			95,282
Municipal securities	—			158,492			—			158,492
Other	—			98,714			759			99,473
Redeemable preferred stocks	—			17,139			—			17,139
Fixed maturity securities	12,247			2,713,725			759			2,726,731
Equity securities	5,347			19,534			—			24,881
Total	$	17,594		$	2,733,259		$	759		$	2,751,612

Percent of total	1		%	99		%	—		%	100		%

Liabilities:
Other policyholder funds
Guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefits	$	—		$	—		$	(1,094	)	$	(1,094	)
Total	$	—		$	—		$	(1,094	)	$	(1,094	)

¹Federal agency securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The changes in Level 3 assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis are summarized below.



	Quarter Ended September 30, 2015
	Assets			Liabilities
	Fixed maturity securities available for sale			GMWB
Beginning balance	$	616		$	(4,558	)
Included in earnings	(1		)	1,906
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	57			—
Purchases, issuances, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases	—			—
Issuances	—			104
Sales	—			—
Other dispositions	—			(137		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	—			—
Ending balance	$	672		$	(2,685	)



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Assets			Liabilities
	Fixed maturity securities available for sale			GMWB
Beginning balance	$	759		$	(1,094	)
Included in earnings	1			(1,409		)
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	126			—
Purchases, issuances, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases	—			—
Issuances	—			294
Sales	—			—
Other dispositions	(214		)	(476		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	—			—
Ending balance	$	672		$	(2,685	)

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)



	Year Ended December 31, 2014
	Assets			Liabilities
	Fixed maturity securities available for sale			GMWB
Beginning balance	$	1,433		$	(4,703	)
Included in earnings	(12		)	3,145
Included in other comprehensive income (loss)	(421		)	—
Purchases, issuances, sales and other dispositions:
Purchases	—			—
Issuances	—			592
Sales	—			—
Other dispositions	(241		)	(128		)
Transfers into Level 3	—			—
Transfers out of Level 3	—			—
Ending balance	$	759		$	(1,094	)

Depending upon the availability of Level 1 or Level 2 pricing, specific securities may transfer into or out of Level 3. The Company did not have any transfers between any levels at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014.

The Company's primary category of assets using Level 3 fair values is fixed maturity securities, totaling $0.7 million at September 30, 2015. These assets are valued using discounted cash flow models for which the significant assumptions are not observable in the market.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table presents the valuation method for material financial instruments included in Level 3, as well as the unobservable inputs used in the valuation of those financial instruments at September 30, 2015.



	Fair Value			Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range
Embedded Derivative - GMWB	$	(2,685	)	Actuarial cash flow model	Mortality	80% of US Annuity Basic Table (2000)
					Lapse	0%-16% depending on product/duration/funded status of guarantee
					Benefit Utilization	0%-80% depending on age/duration/funded status of guarantee
					Nonperformance Risk	0.75%-1.80%



	Fair Value			Valuation Technique	Unobservable Inputs	Range
Embedded Derivative - GMWB	$	(1,094	)	Actuarial cash flow model	Mortality	80% of US Annuity Basic Table (2000)
					Lapse	0%-16% depending on product/duration/funded status of guarantee
					Benefit Utilization	0%-80% depending on age/duration/funded status of guarantee
					Nonperformance Risk	0.73%-1.35%

The GMWB liability is sensitive to changes in observable and unobservable inputs. Observable inputs include risk-free rates, index returns, volatilities, and correlations. Increases in risk-free rates and equity returns reduce the liability, while increases in volatilities increase the liability. The Company's mortality, lapse, benefit utilization and nonperformance risk adjustment are unobservable. Increases in mortality, lapses and credit spreads used for nonperformance risk reduce the liability, while increases in benefit utilization increase the liability.

The Company estimates that the impact of unobservable inputs at September 30, 2015 is as follows: a 10% increase in the mortality assumption would reduce the liability $0.1 million; a 10% decrease in the lapse assumption would increase the liability less than $0.2 million; a 10% increase in the benefit utilization would increase the liability $0.8 million; and a 10 basis point increase in the credit spreads used for non-performance would decrease the liability $0.3 million.

The Company estimates that the impact of unobservable inputs at December 31, 2014 is as follows: a 10% increase in the mortality assumption would reduce the liability less than $0.1 million; a 10% decrease in the lapse assumption would increase the liability $0.3 million; a 10% increase in the benefit utilization would increase the liability $0.9 million; and a 10 basis point increase in the credit spreads used for non-performance would decrease the liability $0.4 million.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following tables present a summary of fair value estimates for financial instruments. The Company has not included assets and liabilities that are not financial instruments in this disclosure. The total of the fair value calculations presented below may not be indicative of the value that can be obtained.



	September 30, 2015						December 31, 2014
	Carrying Value			Fair Value			Carrying Value			Fair Value
Assets:
Investments:
Fixed maturity securities available for sale	$	2,697,443		$	2,697,443		$	2,726,731		$	2,726,731
Equity securities available for sale	24,758			24,758			24,881			24,881
Mortgage loans	568,952			597,822			541,180			567,435
Policy loans	81,748			81,748			83,553			83,553
Cash and short-term investments	32,770			32,770			50,118			50,118
Separate account assets	364,621			364,621			406,501			406,501

Liabilities:
Individual and group annuities	$	1,077,896		$	1,059,243		$	1,080,322		$	1,061,067
Supplementary contracts and annuities without life contingencies	54,019			52,783			54,949			53,744
Separate account liabilities	364,621			364,621			406,501			406,501
Other policyholder funds - GMWB	(2,685		)	(2,685		)	(1,094		)	(1,094		)

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

6. Financing Receivables

The Company has financing receivables that have both a specific maturity date, either on demand or on a fixed or determinable date, and are recognized as assets in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The table below identifies the Company’s financing receivables by classification amount.



	September 30 2015		December 31 2014
Receivables:
Agent receivables, net (allowance $1,095; 2014 - $2,003)	$	1,721	$	1,727
Investment-related financing receivables:
Mortgage loans, net (allowance $2,016; 2014 - $1,914)	568,952		541,180
Total financing receivables	$	570,673	$	542,907

The following table details the activity of the allowance for doubtful accounts on agent receivables. Any recoveries are included as deductions.



	September 30 2015			December 31 2014
Beginning of year	$	2,003		$	2,245
Additions	19			306
Deductions	(927		)	(548		)
End of period	$	1,095		$	2,003

The following table details the mortgage loan portfolio as collectively or individually evaluated for impairment.



	September 30 2015			December 31 2014
Mortgage loans collectively evaluated for impairment	$	563,462		$	535,398
Mortgage loans individually evaluated for impairment	7,506			7,696
Allowance for loan losses	(2,016		)	(1,914		)
Carrying value	$	568,952		$	541,180

The following table details the activity of the allowance for mortgage loan losses. Any recoveries are included as deductions.



	September 30 2015		December 31 2014
Beginning of year	$	1,914	$	3,251
Provision	102		—
Deductions	—		(1,337		)
End of period	$	2,016	$	1,914

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

Agent Receivables

The Company has agent receivables that are classified as financing receivables and are reduced by an allowance for doubtful accounts. These trade receivables from agents are long-term in nature and are specifically assessed as to the collectability of each receivable. The Company's gross agent receivables totaled $2.8 million at September 30, 2015 with an allowance for doubtful accounts totaling $1.1 million. Gross agent receivables totaled $3.7 million with an allowance for doubtful accounts of $2.0 million at December 31, 2014. The Company has two types of agent receivables including:


•	Agent specific loans. At both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, these loans totaled $1.0 million and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.3 million.


•	Other agent receivables. Gross agent receivables in this category totaled $1.8 million, and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $0.8 million at September 30, 2015. Gross agent receivables in this category totaled $2.7 million, and the allowance for doubtful accounts was $1.7 million at December 31, 2014.

Mortgage Loans

The Company considers its mortgage loan portfolio to be long-term financing receivables. Mortgage loans are stated at cost, adjusted for amortization of premium and accrual of discount, less an allowance for loan losses. Mortgage loan interest income is recognized on an accrual basis with any premium or discount amortized over the life of the loan. Prepayment and late fees are recorded on the date of collection. Loans in foreclosure, loans considered impaired, or loans past due 90 days or more are placed on non-accrual status. Payments received on loans on non-accrual status for these reasons are applied first to interest income not collected while on non-accrual status, followed by fees, accrued and past-due interest, and principal.

If a mortgage loan is determined to be on non-accrual status, the Company does not accrue interest income into its financial statements. The loan is independently monitored and evaluated as to potential impairment or foreclosure. This evaluation includes assessing the probability of receiving future cash flows, along with consideration of many of the factors described below. If delinquent payments are made and the loan is brought current, then the Company returns the loan to active status and accrues income accordingly.

Generally, the Company considers its mortgage loans to be a portfolio segment. The Company considers its primary class to be property type. The Company primarily uses loan-to-value as its credit risk quality indicator but also monitors additional secondary risk factors, such as geographic distribution both on a regional and specific state basis. The mortgage loan portfolio segment is presented by property type in a table in Note 4 - Investments, as are geographic distributions by both region and state. These measures are also supplemented with various other analytics to provide additional information concerning potential impairment of mortgage loans and management's assessment of financing receivables.

The following tables present an aging schedule for delinquent payments for both principal and interest by property type.



			Amount of Payments Past Due
	Book Value		30-59 Days		60-89 Days		> 90 Days		Total
September 30, 2015
Industrial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Office	1,759		14		—		—		14
Medical	—		—		—		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	1,759	$	14	$	—	$	—	$	14

December 31, 2014
Industrial	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—
Office	—		—		—		—		—
Medical	—		—		—		—		—
Other	—		—		—		—		—
Total	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—	$	—

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

As of September 30, 2015, there was one mortgage loan that was over 30 days or more past due. Payment was subsequently received on this delinquent loan. As of December 31, 2014, there were no mortgage loans that were past due or were in the process of foreclosure.

Management's periodic evaluation and assessment of the adequacy of the allowance for loan losses is based on known and inherent risks in the portfolio, historical and industry data, current economic conditions, and other relevant factors. The Company assesses the amount it maintains in the mortgage loan allowance through an assessment of what the Company believes are relevant factors at both the macro-environmental level and specific loan basis. A loan is considered impaired if it is probable that contractual amounts due will not be collected. For information regarding management's periodic evaluation and assessment of mortgage loans and the allowance for loan losses, please refer to Note 6 - Financing Receivables in the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

7. Variable Interest Entities

The Company invests in certain affordable housing and real estate joint ventures which are considered to be variable interest entities (VIEs) and are included in Real Estate in the Consolidated Balance Sheets. The assets held in affordable housing real estate joint venture VIEs are primarily residential real estate properties that are restricted to provide affordable housing under federal or state programs for varying periods of time. The restrictions primarily apply to the rents that may be paid by tenants residing in the properties during the term of an agreement to remain in the affordable housing program. Investments in affordable housing real estate joint ventures are equity interests in partnerships or limited liability companies that may or may not participate in profits or residual value. The Company's investments in these entities generate a return primarily through the realization of federal and state income tax credits and other tax benefits, such as tax deductions from operating losses of the investments, over specified time periods. The Company amortizes the initial cost of the investment in proportion to the tax credits and other tax benefits received and recognizes the net investment performance in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income as a component of income tax expense. The tax credits are recognized as a reduction of tax expense. The Company realized federal income tax credits related to these investments of $0.7 million for the third quarters and $2.1 million for the nine months ended both September 30, 2015 and 2014. The Company also recognized $0.2 million and $0.4 million of amortization related to these investments for the third quarters and $1.0 million for both the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014. The Company's investments in other real estate VIEs are recorded using the equity method. Cash distributions from the VIE and cash contributions to the VIE are recorded as decreases or increases, respectively, in the carrying value of the VIE. Certain other equity investments in VIEs, where permitted, are recorded on an amortized cost basis. The operating performance of investments in the VIE is recorded in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income as investment income or as a component of income tax expense, depending upon the nature and primary design of the investment. The Company evaluates the carrying value of VIEs for impairment on an ongoing basis to assess whether the carrying value is expected to be realized during the anticipated life of the investment. In certain cases, the Company may issue fixed-rate senior mortgage loan investments secured by properties controlled by VIEs. These investments are classified as mortgage loans in the Consolidated Balance Sheets, and the income received from such investments is recorded as investment income in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

Investments in the affordable housing and real estate joint ventures are interests that will absorb portions of the VIE's expected losses or receive portions of expected residual returns of the VIE's net assets exclusive of variable interests. The Company makes an assessment of whether it is the primary beneficiary of a VIE at the time of the initial investment and on an ongoing basis thereafter. The Company considers many factors when making this determination based upon a review of the underlying investment agreement and other information related to the specific investment. The first factor is whether the Company has the ability to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE's economic performance. The power to direct the activities of the VIE is generally vested in the managing general partner or managing member of the VIE, which is not the position held by the Company in these investments. Other factors include the entity's equity investment at risk, decision-making abilities, obligations to absorb economic risks, the right to receive economic rewards of the entity, and the extent to which the Company shares in the VIE's expected losses and residual returns.

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table presents the carrying amount and maximum exposure to loss relating to VIEs for which the Company holds a variable interest, but is not the primary beneficiary, and which had not been consolidated at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. The table includes investments in five real estate joint ventures and 23 affordable housing real estate joint ventures at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.



	September 30 2015				December 31 2014
	Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss		Carrying Amount		Maximum Exposure to Loss
Real estate joint ventures	$	21,286	$	21,286	$	21,415	$	21,415
Affordable housing real estate joint ventures	11,923		53,701		13,153		54,028
Total	$	33,209	$	74,987	$	34,568	$	75,443

The maximum exposure to loss relating to the real estate joint ventures and affordable housing real estate joint ventures, as shown in the table above, is equal to the carrying amounts plus any unfunded equity commitments, exposure to potential recapture of tax credits, guarantees of debt, or other obligations of the VIE with recourse to the Company. Unfunded equity and loan commitments typically require financial or operating performance by other parties and have not yet become due or payable but which may become due in the future.

At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, the Company had no mortgage loan or equity commitments outstanding to the real estate joint venture VIEs. The Company has contingent commitments to fund additional equity contributions for operating support to certain real estate joint venture VIEs, which could result in additional exposure to loss. However, the Company is not able to quantify the amount of these contingent commitments.

In addition, the maximum exposure to loss on affordable housing joint ventures at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 included $29.9 million and $27.7 million, respectively, of losses which could be realized if the tax credits received by the VIEs were recaptured. Recapture events would cause the Company to reverse some or all of the benefit previously recognized by the Company or third parties to whom the tax credit interests were transferred. A recapture event can occur at any time during a 15-year required compliance period. The principal causes of recapture include financial default and non-compliance with affordable housing program requirements by the properties controlled by the VIE. The potential exposure due to recapture may be mitigated by guarantees from the managing member or managing partner in the VIE, insurance contracts, or changes in the residual value accruing to the Company's interests in the VIEs.

8. Separate Accounts

Separate account assets and liabilities arise from the sale of variable universal life insurance and variable annuity products. The separate account represents funds segregated for the benefit of certain policyholders who bear the investment risk. The assets are legally segregated and are not subject to claims which may arise from any other business of the Company. The separate account assets and liabilities, which are equal, are recorded at fair value based upon NAV of the underlying investment holdings as derived from closing prices on a national exchange or as provided by the issuer. Policyholder account deposits and withdrawals, investment income, and realized investment gains and losses are excluded from the amounts reported in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. Revenues to the Company from separate accounts consist principally of contract charges, which include maintenance charges, administrative fees, and mortality and expense charges.

The Company has a guaranteed minimum withdrawal benefit (GMWB) rider that can be added to new or existing variable annuity contracts. The value of the separate accounts with the GMWB rider is recorded at fair value of $115.8 million at September 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $132.3 million). The GMWB guarantee liability was $(2.7) million at September 30, 2015 (December 31, 2014 - $(1.1) million). The change in this value is included in policyholder benefits in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income. The value of variable annuity separate accounts with the GMWB rider is recorded in separate account liabilities, and the value of the rider is included in other policyholder funds in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

The Company has two blocks of variable universal life policies and variable annuity contracts from which the Company receives fees. The fees are based upon both specific transactions and the fund value of the blocks of policies. The Company has a direct block of ongoing business identified in the Consolidated Balance Sheets as separate account assets, totaling $364.6 million at September 30, 2015 and $406.5 million at December 31, 2014, and corresponding separate account liabilities of an equal amount. In addition, the Company has an assumed closed block of business that is recorded in the Company's financial statements in accordance with modified coinsurance accounting for variable insurance business. This block of separate account fund balances

Table of Contents

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

totaled $279.6 million at September 30, 2015 and $318.1 million at December 31, 2014. The Company also records separate accounts invested in the general account for the direct block of business. In addition, in accordance with coinsurance reinsurance transaction accounting, the Company also records the assumed block of fixed accounts under its general account. The future policy benefits for the direct block approximated $0.5 million and $0.4 million at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, respectively. The future policy benefits for the assumed block approximated $0.6 million at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

9. Notes Payable

The Company had no notes payable outstanding at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014.

As a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Des Moines (FHLB) with a capital investment of $4.9 million at September 30, 2015, the Company has the ability to borrow on a collateralized basis from the FHLB. The Company received an insignificant amount of dividends on the capital investment in both the third quarters and nine months of 2015 and 2014.

The Company had unsecured revolving lines of credit of $70.0 million with two major commercial banks with no balances outstanding at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014. The lines of credit are at variable interest rates based upon short-term indices, and will mature in June of 2016. The Company anticipates renewing these lines of credit as they come due.

10. Income Taxes

The following table provides a reconciliation of the federal income tax rate to the Company's effective income tax rate for the third quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014, respectively.



	Quarter Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30				September 30
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Federal income tax rate	35	%	35	%	35	%	35	%
Tax credits, net of equity adjustment	(4	)%	(2	)%	(3	)%	(3	)%
Permanent differences	2	%	(2	)%	(2	)%	(1	)%
Effective income tax rate	33	%	31	%	30	%	31	%

The Company had uncertain tax positions of $0.1 million at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

At September 30, 2015, the Company had a current tax liability of $0.7 million and a $66.4 million net deferred tax liability, compared to a $2.3 million current tax asset and a $75.9 million net deferred tax liability at December 31, 2014.

11. Pensions and Other Postemployment Benefits (OPEB)

The following tables provide the components of net periodic benefit cost.



	Pension Benefits						OPEB
	Quarter Ended						Quarter Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	172		$	153
Interest cost	1,356			1,551			350			375
Expected return on plan assets	(2,480		)	(2,582		)	—			—
Amortization of:
Unrecognized actuarial net loss	600			430			117			22
Unrecognized prior service credit	—			—			(285		)	(287		)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	(524	)	$	(601	)	$	354		$	263

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)



	Pension Benefits						OPEB
	Nine Months Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Service cost	$	—		$	—		$	514		$	459
Interest cost	4,068			4,652			1,052			1,124
Expected return on plan assets	(7,440		)	(7,743		)	—			—
Amortization of:
Unrecognized actuarial net loss	1,801			1,289			353			65
Unrecognized prior service credit	—			—			(859		)	(860		)
Net periodic benefit cost (credit)	$	(1,571	)	$	(1,802	)	$	1,060		$	788

12. Share-Based Payment

The Company has a long-term incentive plan for senior management that provides a cash award to participants for the increase in the share price of the Company's common stock through units (phantom shares) assigned by the Board of Directors. The cash award is calculated over a three-year interval on a calendar year basis. At the conclusion of each three-year interval, participants will receive a cash award based on the increase in the share price during a defined measurement period, multiplied by the number of units attributable to each participant. The increase in the share price is determined based on the change in the share price from the beginning to the end of the three-year interval. Amounts representing dividends are accrued and paid at the end of each three-year interval to the extent that they exceed negative stock price appreciation. Plan payments are contingent on the continued employment of the participant unless termination is due to a qualifying event such as death, disability, or retirement. In addition, all payments are lump sum with no deferrals allowed. The plan does not make any payments in shares, warrants, or options.

During the first nine months of both 2015 and 2014, the plan made cash payments totaling $3.8 million. No payments were made during the third quarters of 2015 or 2014.

At each reporting period, an estimate of the share-based compensation expense is accrued, utilizing the share price at the period end. The cost of share-based compensation accrued as an operating expense in the third quarters of 2015 and 2014 was $0.4 million and $0.6 million, net of tax, respectively. The cost of share-based compensation accrued as an operating expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014 was $0.4 million and $0.7 million, net of tax, respectively.

13. Comprehensive Income (Loss)

Comprehensive income (loss) is comprised of net income and other comprehensive income (loss). Other comprehensive income (loss) includes the unrealized investment gains or losses on securities available for sale (net of reclassifications for realized investment gains or losses) net of adjustments to deferred acquisition costs (DAC) and value of business acquired (VOBA), future policy benefits, and policyholder account balances (including deferred revenue liability). In addition, other comprehensive income (loss) includes the change in the liability for benefit plan obligations. Other comprehensive income (loss) reflects these items net of tax.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The tables below provide information about comprehensive income (loss).



	Quarter Ended September 30, 2015
	Pre-Tax Amount			Tax Expense (Benefit)			Net-of-Tax Amount

Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Fixed maturity securities	$	(3,452	)	$	(1,207	)	$	(2,245	)
Equity securities	(5		)	(2		)	(3		)
Less reclassification adjustments:
Net realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses	432			151			281
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(428		)	(150		)	(278		)
Net unrealized losses excluding impairment losses	(3,461		)	(1,210		)	(2,251		)
Effect on DAC and VOBA	719			251			468
Future policy benefits	213			74			139
Policyholder account balances	26			9			17
Other comprehensive loss	$	(2,503	)	$	(876	)	(1,627		)
Net income							5,435
Comprehensive income							$	3,808



	Quarter Ended September 30, 2014
	Pre-Tax Amount			Tax Expense (Benefit)			Net-of-Tax Amount

Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Fixed maturity securities	$	(18,222	)	$	(6,378	)	$	(11,844	)
Equity securities	41			14			27
Less reclassification adjustments:
Net realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses	178			62			116
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(332		)	(116		)	(216		)
Net unrealized losses excluding impairment losses	(18,027		)	(6,310		)	(11,717		)
Effect on DAC and VOBA	4,033			1,412			2,621
Future policy benefits	959			336			623
Policyholder account balances	63			22			41
Other comprehensive loss	$	(12,972	)	$	(4,540	)	(8,432		)
Net income							7,960
Comprehensive loss							$	(472	)

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2015
	Pre-Tax Amount			Tax Expense (Benefit)			Net-of-Tax Amount

Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Fixed maturity securities	$	(35,166	)	$	(12,308	)	$	(22,858	)
Equity securities	(32		)	(11		)	(21		)
Less reclassification adjustments:
Net realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses	2,886			1,010			1,876
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(2,360		)	(826		)	(1,534		)
Net unrealized losses excluding impairment losses	(35,724		)	(12,503		)	(23,221		)
Effect on DAC and VOBA	6,584			2,304			4,280
Future policy benefits	1,983			694			1,289
Policyholder account balances	255			89			166
Other comprehensive loss	$	(26,902	)	$	(9,416	)	(17,486		)
Net income							23,112
Comprehensive income							$	5,626



	Nine Months Ended September 30, 2014
	Pre-Tax Amount			Tax Expense (Benefit)			Net-of-Tax Amount

Net unrealized gains (losses) arising during the period:
Fixed maturity securities	$	47,352		$	16,573		$	30,779
Equity securities	1,635			572			1,063
Less reclassification adjustments:
Net realized investment gains, excluding impairment losses	1,683			589			1,094
Other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(601		)	(210		)	(391		)
Net unrealized gains excluding impairment losses	47,905			16,766			31,139
Effect on DAC and VOBA	(3,018		)	(1,056		)	(1,962		)
Future policy benefits	(9,137		)	(3,198		)	(5,939		)
Policyholder account balances	(312		)	(109		)	(203		)
Other comprehensive income	$	35,438		$	12,403		23,035
Net income							22,257
Comprehensive income							$	45,292

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The following table provides accumulated balances related to each component of accumulated other comprehensive income at September 30, 2015, net of tax.



	Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Non-Impaired Securities			Unrealized Gain (Loss) on Impaired Securities			Benefit Plan Obligations			DAC/ VOBA Impact			Future Policy Benefits			Policyholder Account Balances			Total
Beginning of year	$	110,362		$	3,141		$	(53,964	)	$	(18,521	)	$	(17,406	)	$	(572	)	$	23,040
Other comprehensive income (loss) before reclassification	(25,216		)	1,653			—			4,298			1,289			166			(17,810		)
Amounts reclassified from accumulated other comprehensive income	1,876			(1,534		)	—			(18		)	—			—			324
Net current-period other comprehensive income (loss)	(23,340		)	119			—			4,280			1,289			166			(17,486		)
End of period	$	87,022		$	3,260		$	(53,964	)	$	(14,241	)	$	(16,117	)	$	(406	)	$	5,554

The following table presents the pre-tax and the related income tax benefit (expense) components of the amounts reclassified from the Company's accumulated other comprehensive income to the Company's Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.



	Quarter Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Reclassification adjustments related to unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities:
Having impairments recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ¹	$	432		$	178		$	2,886		$	1,683
Income tax expense ²	(151		)	(62		)	(1,010		)	(589		)
Net of taxes	281			116			1,876			1,094

Having no impairments recognized in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income ¹	(428		)	(332		)	(2,360		)	(601		)
Income tax benefit ²	150			116			826			210
Net of taxes	(278		)	(216		)	(1,534		)	(391		)

Reclassification adjustment related to DAC and VOBA ¹	(6		)	3			(27		)	(55		)
Income tax benefit (expense) ²	2			(1		)	9			19
Net of taxes	(4		)	2			(18		)	(36		)

Total pre-tax reclassifications	(2		)	(151		)	499			1,027
Total income tax benefit (expense)	1			53			(175		)	(360		)
Total reclassification, net taxes	$	(1	)	$	(98	)	$	324		$	667

¹(Increases) decreases net realized investment gains (losses) on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

²(Increases) decreases income tax expense (benefit) on the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

14. Earnings Per Share

Due to the Company’s capital structure and the absence of other potentially dilutive securities, there is no difference between basic and diluted earnings per common share for any of the periods reported. The average number of shares outstanding for the quarters ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was 10,615,142 and 10,941,544, respectively. The average number of shares outstanding for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 was 10,711,102 and 10,957,546, respectively. The number of shares outstanding at September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014 was 10,608,899 and 10,825,205 respectively.

15. Segment Information

The following schedule provides the financial performance of each of the three reportable operating segments of the Company.



		Individual		Group		Old		Intercompany
		Insurance		Insurance		American		Eliminations¹			Consolidated
Insurance revenues:
Third quarter:	2015	$	33,892	$	14,229	$	19,992	$	(103	)	$	68,010
	2014	38,205		14,735		19,182		(101		)	72,021
Nine months:	2015	103,314		41,417		59,242		(310		)	203,663
	2014	115,196		43,362		56,520		(304		)	214,774

Net investment income:
Third quarter:	2015	$	35,491	$	67	$	2,719	$	—		$	38,277
	2014	37,697		132		2,779		—			40,608
Nine months:	2015	109,693		267		8,215		—			118,175
	2014	113,753		392		8,505		—			122,650

Total benefits and expenses:
Third quarter:	2015	$	70,224	$	13,285	$	20,695	$	(103	)	$	104,101
	2014	69,309		14,461		20,390		(101		)	104,059
Nine months:	2015	193,350		40,986		64,675		(310		)	298,701
	2014	209,636		43,486		62,444		(304		)	315,262

Net income:
Third quarter:	2015	$	3,434	$	687	$	1,314	$	—		$	5,435
	2014	6,655		296		1,009		—			7,960
Nine months:	2015	20,634		545		1,933		—			23,112
	2014	20,080		273		1,904		—			22,257

¹ Elimination entries to remove intercompany transactions for life and accident and health insurance that the Company purchases for its employees were as follows: insurance revenues from the Group Insurance segment and operating expenses from the Individual Insurance segment to arrive at Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income.

16. Commitments

In the normal course of business, the Company has open purchase and sale commitments. At September 30, 2015, the Company had purchase commitments to fund mortgage loans and real estate of $39.3 million and $5.3 million, respectively.

Subsequent to September 30, 2015 the Company entered into commitments to fund additional mortgage loans of $8.4 million.

17. Contingent Liabilities

The Company and its subsidiaries are, from time to time, involved in litigation, both as a defendant and as a plaintiff. The life insurance industry, including the Company and its insurance subsidiaries, has been subject to an increase in litigation in recent years. Such litigation has been pursued on behalf of purported classes of insurance purchasers, often questioning the conduct of insurers in the marketing of their products.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

The Company's subsidiary broker-dealer previously operated as a retail broker-dealer/investment advisor, a business that operates with a substantial risk of liability. Legal and other proceedings involving financial services firms, including the Company's subsidiary, continue to have a significant impact on the industry. Significant matters over the last few years have included registered representative activity and certain types of securities products (particularly private placements and real estate investment products). The Company’s subsidiary broker-dealer retains certain risks related to legal and other proceedings related to its prior operations.

The Company and its subsidiaries are subject to regular reviews and inspections by state and federal regulatory authorities. State insurance examiners - or independent audit firms engaged by such examiners - may, from time to time, conduct examinations or investigations into industry practices and into customer complaints. A regulatory violation discovered during a review, inspection, or investigation could result in a wide range of remedies that could include the imposition of sanctions against the Company, its subsidiaries, or its employees, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

Certain policies, contracts, and annuities offered by the Company and certain products offered by its broker-dealer/investment advisor subsidiary are subject to regulation under federal and state securities laws. Federal securities laws contain regulatory restrictions and criminal, administrative, and private remedial provisions. From time to time, the Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC), the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (FINRA), or a state securities regulator examine or investigate the activities of broker-dealers and/or investment advisors, including the Company's affiliated broker-dealer/ investment advisor subsidiary. It is possible that the results of any examination may lead to changes in systems or procedures, payments of fines and penalties, payments to customers, or a combination thereof, any of which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

The life insurance industry has been the subject of significant regulatory and legal activities regarding the use of the U.S. Social Security Administration's Death Master File (“Death Master File”) in the claims process. The focus of the activity has related to the industry's compliance with state unclaimed property and escheatment laws. Certain states have proposed, and many other states are considering, new legislation and regulations related to unclaimed life insurance benefits and the use of the Death Master File in the claims process. It is possible that audits and/or the enactment of new state laws could result in identifying payments to beneficiaries more quickly than under the current legislative and regulatory standards established for life insurance claims or may provide for additional escheatment of funds deemed abandoned under state laws. The audits could also result in administrative penalties. Given the legal and regulatory uncertainty in this area, it is also possible that life insurers, including the Company, may be subject to claims concerning their business practices. Based on its analysis to date, the Company believes that it has sufficiently reviewed its existing business and has adequately reserved for contingencies from a change in statute or regulation. Additional costs that cannot be reasonably estimated as of the date of this filing are possible as a result of ongoing regulatory developments and other future requirements related to this matter. Any resulting additional payments or costs could be significant and could have a material adverse effect on the Company's financial condition or results of operations.

In addition to the specific items above, the Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in, or subject to, other claims or legal actions related to insurance and investment products. Some of these claims and legal actions are in jurisdictions where juries are given substantial latitude in assessing damages, including punitive damages.

Although no assurances can be given and no determinations can be made at this time, management believes that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these regulatory matters, legal actions, and other claims would not have a material effect on the Company's business, results of operations, or financial position.

In accordance with applicable accounting guidelines, the Company establishes an accrued liability for litigation and regulatory matters when those matters present loss contingencies that are both probable and estimable. As a litigation or regulatory matter develops, it is evaluated on an ongoing basis, often in conjunction with outside counsel, as to whether the matter presents a loss contingency that meets conditions indicating the need for accrual and/or disclosure. If and when a loss contingency related to litigation or regulatory matters is deemed to be both probable and estimable, the Company establishes an accrued liability. This accrued liability is then monitored for further developments that may affect the amount of the accrued liability.

While the Company makes every effort to appropriately accrue liability for litigation and other legal proceedings, the outcome of such matters (including any amount of settlement, judgment, or fine) is inherently difficult to predict. This difficulty arises from the need to gather all relevant facts (which may or may not be available) and to apply those facts to complex legal principles. Based on currently available information, the Company does not believe that any litigation, proceeding or other matter to which it is a party or otherwise involved will have a material adverse effect on its financial position, the results of its operations, or its cash flows. However, an adverse development or an increase in associated legal fees could be material in a particular period depending, in part, on the Company's operating results in that period.

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Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements–(Continued) (Unaudited)

18. Guarantees and Indemnifications

The Company is subject to various indemnification obligations issued in conjunction with certain transactions, primarily assumption reinsurance agreements, stock purchase agreements, mortgage servicing agreements, tax credit assignment agreements, construction and lease guarantees, and borrowing agreements whose terms range in duration and often are not explicitly defined. Generally, a maximum obligation is not explicitly stated. Therefore, the overall maximum amount of the obligation under the indemnifications cannot be reasonably estimated. The Company is unable to estimate with certainty the ultimate legal and financial liability with respect to these indemnifications. The Company believes that the likelihood is remote that material payments would be required under such indemnifications and therefore such indemnifications would not result in a material adverse effect on the financial position or results of operations.

19. Reverse/Forward Stock Split Transaction

On July 27, 2015, the Board of Directors authorized, subject to stockholder approval, amendments to the Company's Articles of Incorporation that would effect a proposed reverse/forward stock split transaction (the "reverse/forward stock split"), consisting of a 1-for-250 reverse stock split of its capital stock, par value $1.25 per share (the "common stock”) followed immediately by a 250 -for-1 forward stock split of each one share of its common stock (including each fractional share of such class of stock in excess of one share).

Subject to stockholder approval of the proposed amendments to our Articles of Incorporation, the Company anticipates that the reverse/forward stock split would enable it to terminate the registration of its common stock under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 (the Exchange Act) as well as its periodic reporting obligations with the SEC, if, after the reverse stock split, there are fewer than 300 record holders of each class of its stock and it makes the necessary filings with the SEC. The Company anticipates that this would enable it to eliminate many of the expenses related to the disclosure, reporting, and compliance requirements of the Exchange Act, the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, and related federal securities laws and regulations.

A special meeting of the Company's stockholders is tentatively scheduled to be held on December 15, 2015, at which time it intends to submit the proposed amendments to its Articles of Incorporation to effect the reverse/forward stock split to its stockholders for their consideration and approval. If the reverse/forward stock split is approved by stockholders, the Company anticipates that the effective date of the reverse/forward stock split would occur soon after the stockholder meeting at which it is considered, subject to final action by the Board of Directors, and presently anticipate that it would become effective on or about December 17, 2015.

20. Subsequent Events

On October 26, 2015, the Kansas City Life Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share that will be paid on November 11, 2015 to stockholders of record on November 5, 2015.

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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

Amounts are stated in thousands, except share data, or as otherwise noted.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations is intended to provide in narrative form the perspective of the management of Kansas City Life Insurance Company (the Company) on its financial condition, results of operations, liquidity, and certain other factors that may affect its future results. The following is a discussion and analysis of the results of operations for the third quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014 and the financial condition of the Company at September 30, 2015. This discussion should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes included in this document, as well as the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

Overview

Kansas City Life Insurance Company is a financial services company that is predominantly focused on the underwriting, sales, and administration of life insurance and annuity products. The consolidated entity (the Company) primarily consists of three life insurance companies. Kansas City Life Insurance Company (Kansas City Life) is the parent company. Sunset Life Insurance Company of America (Sunset Life) and Old American Insurance Company (Old American) are wholly-owned subsidiaries. For additional information, please refer to the Overview included in Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations in the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

State Regulation

The Company’s life insurance entities are subject to periodic examinations by state regulatory authorities. Financial statements are prepared and examined on a basis other than GAAP, namely statutory accounting principles. The most recently completed examination performed by the State of Missouri occurred as of December 31, 2009 for Kansas City Life, Sunset Life, and Old American. There were no adjustments recommended to any of the insurance companies as a result of that examination. The State of Missouri is currently conducting a scheduled examination based upon the year ended December 31, 2014 for the three life insurance companies.

Cautionary Statement on Forward-Looking Information

This report reviews the Company’s financial condition and results of operations, and historical information is presented and discussed. Where appropriate, factors that may affect future financial performance are also identified and discussed. Certain statements made in this report include “forward-looking statements” that fall within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. Forward-looking statements include any statement that may predict, forecast, indicate or imply future results, performance, or achievements rather than historical facts and may contain words like “believe,” “expect,” “estimate,” “project,” “forecast,” “anticipate,” “plan,” “will,” “shall,” and other words, phrases, or expressions with similar meaning.

Actual results may differ materially from those included in the forward-looking statements as a result of risks and uncertainties. Those risks and uncertainties include, but are not limited to, the risk factors listed in Item 1A. Risk Factors as filed in the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

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Consolidated Results of Operations

Summary of Results

The Company earned net income of $5.4 million in the third quarter of 2015 compared to $8.0 million in the third quarter of 2014. Net income per share was $0.52 in the third quarter of 2015 versus $0.73 in the same period in the prior year. Net income for the first nine months of 2015 was $23.1 million compared to $22.3 million in the prior year. Net income per share for the first nine months of 2015 was $2.16 versus $2.03 one year earlier.

The following table presents variances between the results for the third quarters and nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.



	Quarter Ended							Nine Months Ended
	September 30							September 30
	2015		2014		Variance			2015		2014		Variance
Revenues:
Insurance and other revenues	$	69,937	$	74,406	$	(4,469	)	$	209,400	$	221,835	$	(12,435	)
Net investment income	38,277		40,608		(2,331		)	118,175		122,650		(4,475		)
Net realized investment gains	4,047		649		3,398			4,364		2,829		1,535
Benefits and expenses:
Policyholder benefits and interest credited to policyholder account balances	70,150		68,674		(1,476		)	205,325		209,787		4,462
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	9,244		9,797		553			19,586		31,154		11,568
Operating expenses	24,707		25,588		881			73,790		74,321		531
Income tax expense	2,725		3,644		919			10,126		9,795		(331		)
Net income	$	5,435	$	7,960	$	(2,525	)	$	23,112	$	22,257	$	855

Information on these items is presented below.

Sales

The Company's marketing plan for individual products focuses on three main aspects: providing financial security with respect to life insurance, the accumulation of long-term value, and future retirement income needs. The primary emphasis is on the growth of individual life insurance business, including new premiums for individual life products and new deposits for universal life and variable universal life products. These deposits can be recurring in nature, as policyholders can choose to make regular deposits into these products. However, policyholders can also choose to make one-time deposits. Consumer preferences and customer choices are very hard to predict and significantly influence life and annuity insurance purchases. These changing preferences and choices can result in large fluctuations period to period. The Company attempts to provide a varied portfolio of products that support consumer needs and is constantly assessing new products and opportunities. The Company also offers a portfolio of group products.

Sales of the Company's products are primarily made through the Company's existing sales force. The Company emphasizes growth of the sales force with the addition of new general agents and agents. The Company believes that increased sales will result through both the number and productivity of general agents and agents. The Company also places an emphasis on training and direct support to the field force to assist new agents in their start-up phase. In addition, the Company provides support to existing agents to help them stay abreast of the ever-changing regulatory environment and to introduce agents to new products and enhanced features of existing products. The Company also selectively utilizes third-party marketing arrangements to enhance its sales objectives. This allows the Company the flexibility to identify niches or pursue unique opportunities in existing markets and to react quickly to take advantage of opportunities when they occur.

The Company recognizes conversions of policies and contracts on interest sensitive products to traditional life and annuity products as new premiums at the time of conversion. Most notably, the Company has fixed deferred annuities that may convert to immediate annuities. Deferred annuity contracts typically provide for such conversions as one of several settlement options, and the volume of such contracts can vary based upon the individual needs and decisions of contract owners. In addition, the timing of these conversions can result in large fluctuations period to period.

The Group Insurance segment primarily uses two marketing approaches. The first is to market business using Kansas City Life's internal sales representatives and an independent general agent and agent field force. This business is administered internally. The second is through selectively identified independent third-party arrangements that support this segment's marketing and product

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portfolio. Generally, business sold through these arrangements is administered by the third parties or through specifically identified reinsurance arrangements.

The Old American segment focuses on the recruitment and development of new agencies and agents in assigned territories. The intent of these activities is to generate improved production from existing agencies and agents, including the expansion or opening of territories believed to offer additional growth opportunities. Further, this segment also focuses on servicing its policyholders and creating and maintaining products that are designed and priced to be competitive in the senior markets.

The following tables present gross premiums by new and renewal business, less reinsurance ceded. New premiums are also detailed by product.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Traditional life insurance	$	4,667		4	%	$	4,482		9	%
Immediate annuities	4,462			(39	)%	7,282			(35	)%
Group life insurance	596			(33	)%	891			20	%
Group accident and health insurance	3,077			(12	)%	3,497			(3	)%
Total new premiums	12,802			(21	)%	16,152			(18	)%
Renewal premiums	40,636			1	%	40,324			5	%
Total premiums	53,438			(5	)%	56,476			(3	)%
Reinsurance ceded	(14,060		)	—	%	(13,996		)	(2	)%
Net premiums	$	39,378		(7	)%	$	42,480		(3	)%



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Traditional life insurance	$	13,694		4	%	$	13,175		2	%
Immediate annuities	16,583			(24	)%	21,765			(51	)%
Group life insurance	1,706			(36	)%	2,646			19	%
Group accident and health insurance	8,159			(28	)%	11,374			10	%
Total new premiums	40,142			(18	)%	48,960			(30	)%
Renewal premiums	121,276			2	%	118,716			4	%
Total premiums	161,418			(4	)%	167,676			(9	)%
Reinsurance ceded	(41,222		)	(2	)%	(42,075		)	(1	)%
Net premiums	$	120,196		(4	)%	$	125,601		(11	)%

Consolidated total premiums decreased $3.0 million or 5% in the third quarter of 2015 versus the prior year, as a $3.4 million decrease in total new premiums was partially offset by a $0.3 million increase in total renewal premiums. The decrease in new premiums largely resulted from a $2.8 million decrease in new immediate annuity premiums. Immediate annuity receipts can have sizeable fluctuations, as receipts from policyholders largely result from one-time premiums rather than recurring premiums. In addition, the conversions from fixed deferred annuities are based upon the individual needs and decisions of contract owners. Conversions from fixed deferred annuities totaled $2.6 million during the third quarter of 2015, down from $5.5 million in the third quarter of 2014. Excluding the conversions from fixed deferred annuities, new immediate annuity premiums were essentially flat in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the prior year. The increase in renewal premiums was largely due to a $0.5 million increase in renewal traditional life premiums, principally from the Old American segment. In addition, an increase in group life renewal premiums was offset by a decrease in group accident and health renewal premiums.

Consolidated total premiums decreased $6.3 million or 4% in the first nine months of 2015 versus the prior year, as an $8.8 million decrease in total new premiums was partially offset by a $2.6 million increase in total renewal premiums. The decrease in new premiums resulted from a $5.2 million decrease in new immediate annuity premiums and a $3.2 million decline in new group accident and health premiums, principally in the dental and disability lines. Conversions from fixed deferred annuities totaled

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$11.4 million during the first nine months of 2015, down from $14.4 million in the first nine months of 2014. Excluding the conversions from fixed deferred annuities, new immediate annuity premiums decreased $2.1 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The increase in renewal premiums reflected a $1.8 million increase in traditional life renewal premiums, principally from the Old American segment. In addition, renewal premiums in the group life product line increased $0.8 million versus the prior year.

The following tables reconcile deposits with the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows and provide detail by new and renewal deposits. New deposits are also detailed by product.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015		% Change		2014		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	2,891	23	%	$	2,356	(42	)%
Variable universal life insurance	66		(49	)%	130		(4	)%
Fixed annuities	11,089		17	%	9,440		(13	)%
Variable annuities	5,063		(46	)%	9,383		56	%
Total new deposits	19,109		(10	)%	21,309		1	%
Renewal deposits	33,867		(7	)%	36,562		(8	)%
Total deposits	$	52,976	(8	)%	$	57,871	(5	)%



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015		% Change		2014		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	10,175	27	%	$	8,041	(43	)%
Variable universal life insurance	231		(64	)%	642		(49	)%
Fixed annuities	31,421		(10	)%	34,994		8	%
Variable annuities	15,009		(46	)%	27,640		77	%
Total new deposits	56,836		(20	)%	71,317		12	%
Renewal deposits	110,173		(5	)%	116,407		2	%
Total deposits	$	167,009	(11	)%	$	187,724	6	%

Total new deposits declined $2.2 million or 10% in the third quarter of 2015 compared with the third quarter of 2014. This decline resulted from a $4.3 million or 46% decrease in new variable annuity deposits. Partially offsetting this were increases of $1.6 million or 17% in new fixed annuity deposits and $0.5 million or 23% in new universal life deposits. Total renewal deposits decreased $2.7 million or 7% in the third quarter of 2015 versus the prior year, reflecting a $1.4 million or 25% decrease in fixed annuity renewal deposits and a $0.7 million or 10% decline in variable universal life renewal deposits. Based upon changes in financial conditions, alternative and competitive products, and consumer preferences, universal life and fixed annuity deposits can have sizeable fluctuations period-to-period.

Total new deposits declined $14.5 million or 20% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the prior year. This decline resulted from a $12.6 million or 46% decrease in new variable annuity deposits and a $3.6 million or 10% decrease in new fixed annuity deposits. Partially offsetting these was a $2.1 million or 27% increase in new universal life deposits. Total renewal deposits decreased $6.2 million or 5% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the prior year, as an increase in universal life renewal deposits was offset by a decrease in variable universal life and fixed annuity renewal deposits.

Insurance Revenues

Insurance revenues consist of premiums, net of reinsurance, and contract charges. Insurance revenues are affected by the level of new sales, the type of products sold, the persistency of policies, general economic conditions, and competitive forces.

Contract charges consist of cost of insurance, expense loads, amortization of unearned revenues, and surrender charges on policyholder account balances. Certain contract charges are not recognized in income immediately but are deferred and are amortized into income in proportion to the expected future gross profits of the business, in a manner similar to deferred acquisition costs (DAC). Profit expectations are based upon assumptions of future interest spreads, mortality margins, expense margins, and policy and premium persistency experience. At least annually, a review is performed of the assumptions related to profit

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expectations. If it is determined the assumptions should be revised, the impact is recorded as a change in the revenue reported in the current period as an unlocking adjustment.

Total contract charges decreased $0.9 million or 3% in the third quarter of 2015 and $5.7 million or 6% in the first nine months of 2015, compared to the same periods in the prior year. The decline in the third quarter primarily reflected the runoff of closed blocks of business. The decline in the nine months reflected lower amortization of deferred revenue, primarily resulting from unlocking effects on the deferred revenue liability. An unlocking adjustment decreased the amortization of deferred revenue $2.3 million during the second quarter of 2015, which compares to an unlocking adjustment that increased deferred revenue amortization $1.8 million during the second quarter of 2014. In addition, surrender charges declined in both the third quarter and nine months, reflecting reduced surrenders on policyholder account balances.

Contract charges are impacted by the sales of new products and the persistency of both existing and closed blocks of business. The closed blocks of business reflect products and entities that have been purchased but to which the Company is not actively pursuing marketing efforts to generate new sales. The Company services these policies to meet long-term profit objectives. Total contract charges on closed blocks equaled 41% and 42% of total consolidated contract charges in the third quarters of 2015 and 2014, and 43% and 42% in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Total contract charges on closed blocks decreased 6% in the third quarter and 4% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year, reflecting the runoff of the business as well as reduced surrender charges on acquired variable universal life and variable annuity products. Total contract charges on open, or ongoing, blocks of business decreased 1% in the third quarter and 8% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods in 2014. These changes largely reflected the lower amortization of deferred revenue resulting from unlocking effects on the deferred revenue liability.

Investment Revenues

Gross investment income is largely composed of interest, dividends, and other earnings on fixed maturity securities, equity securities, short-term investments, mortgage loans, real estate, and policy loans. Gross investment income declined $1.3 million or 3% in the third quarter and $2.1 million or 2% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods in 2014. These declines primarily reflected lower average invested assets and lower overall yields earned and available on certain investments. In addition, investment expenses rose $1.0 million or 34% in the third quarter and $2.3 million or 25% in the first nine months compared to the prior year, primarily due to an increase in real estate expenses from real estate purchases made during 2014.

Fixed maturity securities provided a majority of the Company's investment income during the third quarter and nine months ended September 30, 2015. Income on these investments declined $1.5 million or 5% in the third quarter and $2.8 million or 3% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to one year earlier, as an increase in average invested assets was more than offset by lower yields earned.

Investment income from commercial mortgage loans decreased $0.3 million or 4% in the third quarter and $2.9 million or 11% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. These declines were primarily due to a lower average mortgage loan portfolio balance and lower yields earned on new loans compared to the prior year, primarily from maturities and principal paydowns that have exceeded new mortgage loan originations.

The Company realizes investment gains and losses from several sources, including write-downs of investment securities and mortgage loans, sales of investment securities, and real estate. Many securities purchased by the Company contain call provisions, which allow the issuer to redeem the securities at a particular price on or at a particular date or within a particular time frame. Depending upon the terms of the call provision and price at which the security was purchased, a gain or loss may be realized.

The Company recorded a net realized investment gain of $4.0 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared with a net realized investment gain of $0.6 million in the third quarter of 2014. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company recorded $4.7 million in gains, largely from the sale of real estate properties and from certain securities being called. Net realized investment gains for the first nine months totaled $4.4 million in 2015 compared to $2.8 million in 2014. Gains due to investment securities called and other were $2.9 million and $1.8 million in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively. Partially offsetting these gains, investment losses of $2.4 million and $0.6 million were recorded due to write-downs of investment securities that were considered other-than-temporarily impaired in the first nine months of 2015 and 2014, respectively.

The Company's analysis of securities for the third quarter ended September 30, 2015 resulted in the determination that one fixed maturity security had an other-than-temporary impairment of $0.4 million. This issuer is in the oil exploration and drilling industry and has announced a restructuring plan. In addition, the Company determined that a mortgage-backed security had other-than-temporary impairments totaling less than $0.1 million in the third quarter. The total fair value of the affected securities after the write-downs were $4.7 million.

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Other Revenues

Other revenues consist primarily of supplementary contract considerations; policyholder dividends left with the Company to accumulate; and certain income received from subsidiaries of the Company. Other revenues decreased $0.5 million or 19% in the third quarter and $1.3 million or 19% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods in the prior year. The decline in other revenues during 2015 reflects the revenue decrease from the divestiture of certain non-proprietary agent relationships related to Sunset Financial Services in the fourth quarter of 2014. In addition, lower revenue was earned by the Company's subsidiary that invests in affordable housing real estate, due to lower amounts of tax credits transferred or sold in 2015 compared to 2014.

Policyholder Benefits

Policyholder benefits consist of death benefits, immediate annuity benefits, accident and health benefits, surrenders, interest, other benefits, and the associated increase or decrease in reserves for future policy benefits. The largest component of policyholder benefits was death benefits for the periods presented. Death benefits reflect mortality results, after consideration of the impact of reinsurance. Mortality will fluctuate from period to period.

Policyholder benefits increased $1.9 million or 4% in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same period one year earlier. The largest factor in this change was a $2.0 million increase in death benefits, net of reinsurance. This change was primarily the result of increased claims in the third quarter in the Individual segment versus the prior year.

Policyholder benefits decreased $2.9 million or 2% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same period one year earlier. The largest factor in this change was a decrease in benefit and contract reserves. Several factors contributed to the change in reserves. Changes in the fair value of the GMWB rider resulted in a $3.8 million decrease in benefit and contract reserves. Approximately $1.5 million of this favorable change was due to the movement of variable annuity investments associated with the GMWB rider into funds managed with the objective of lower volatility. Also contributing to the reserve change was a decrease in immediate annuity premiums. Policyholder reserves for immediate annuity premiums are established on an approximately equal and offsetting basis, and a decrease in premiums results in a decrease to reserves on a comparative basis. Partially offsetting these declines, death benefits, net of reinsurance, increased in the first nine months of 2015, reflecting increased death benefits in both the Individual Insurance and Old American segments.

The Company has a GMWB rider for variable annuity contracts that is considered to be a financial derivative and, as such, is accounted for at fair value. The Company determines the fair value of the GMWB rider using a risk-neutral valuation method. The value of the riders will fluctuate depending on market conditions. For the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the fair value of the liability decreased $1.6 million compared to the fair value at December 31, 2014. This fluctuation can be primarily attributed to decreases in risk-free swap rates, decreased capital market returns, and the movement of variable annuity investments into funds managed with the objective of lower volatility.

Interest Credited to Policyholder Account Balances

Interest is credited to policyholder account balances according to terms of the policies or contracts for universal life, fixed deferred annuities, and other investment-type products. There are minimum levels of interest crediting stipulated in certain policies or contracts, as well as allowances for adjustments to be made to reflect current market conditions in certain policies or contracts. Accordingly, the Company reviews and adjusts crediting rates as necessary and appropriate. Amounts credited are a function of account balances and current period crediting rates. As account balances fluctuate, so will the amount of interest credited to policyholder account balances. Interest credited to policyholder account balances decreased $0.4 million or 2% in the third quarter and $1.6 million or 3% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods one year earlier. This decline was due to lower average crediting rates as well as a decrease in policyholder account balances compared to one year earlier.

Amortization of DAC

Total amortization of deferred acquisition costs decreased $0.6 million or 6% in the third quarter and $11.6 million or 37% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods in the prior year. Changes in expense assumptions on new business contributed to the declines in both the third quarter and nine months of 2015. In addition, the decline in the nine months was also due to an unlocking adjustment that decreased DAC amortization $6.4 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to an unlocking adjustment that increased DAC amortization $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2014. The unlocking in 2015 was associated with favorable adjustments for mortality and expenses, partially offset by adjustments related to interest rates. The unlocking in 2014 was associated with adjustments related to interest rates that were mostly offset by adjustments for mortality.

Unlocking and Refinements in Estimates

At least annually, a review is performed of the models and the assumptions used to develop expected gross profits for interest sensitive and variable insurance products based upon management’s current view of future events. The Company may also consider refinements in estimates due to improved capabilities resulting from administrative or actuarial system enhancements. No unlocking occurred in the third quarter of either 2015 or 2014.

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The following tables summarize the effects of the refinements in estimates on all products and unlocking of assumptions on interest sensitive products in the Consolidated Statements of Comprehensive Income during the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.



	DAC		VOBA			DRL			Total
September 30, 2015
Unlocking	$	6,380	$	(862	)	$	(2,344	)	$	3,174
Refinement in estimate	—		—			—			—
	$	6,380	$	(862	)	$	(2,344	)	$	3,174



	DAC			VOBA		DRL		Total
September 30, 2014
Unlocking	$	(1,723	)	$	1,486	$	1,764	$	1,527
Refinement in estimate	(1,566		)	—		—		(1,566		)
	$	(3,289	)	$	1,486	$	1,764	$	(39	)

Operating Expenses

Operating expenses consist of incurred commission expense from the sale of insurance products, net of the deferral of certain commissions and certain expenses directly associated with the successful acquisition of new business, expenses from the Company's operations, the amortization of VOBA, and other expenses. Operating expenses decreased $0.9 million or 3% in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same period one year earlier. This decrease reflected lower commissions and capitalized commissions, as well as a decline in VOBA amortization, as discussed below. Operating expenses decreased $0.5 million or 1% in the first nine months of 2015, primarily due to lower commissions and capitalized commissions. Partially offsetting this were increases in VOBA amortization, salary and employee benefit costs, and legal costs.

VOBA is evaluated on an ongoing basis for unlocking adjustments. If necessary, adjustments are made to the current period VOBA amortization. The amortization of VOBA decreased $0.4 million in the third quarter and increased $1.5 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The decrease in the third quarter reflected higher mortality experience. The increase in the nine months was largely due to an unlocking adjustment, which increased VOBA amortization $0.9 million in the second quarter of 2015. This compares to an unlocking adjustment that decreased VOBA amortization $1.5 million in the second quarter of 2014. The unlocking in both 2015 and 2014 was associated with interest and expense margins.

Income Taxes

The third quarter income tax expense was $2.7 million or 33% of income before tax for 2015, versus $3.6 million or 31% of income before tax for the prior year period. The income tax expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 was $10.1 million or 30% of income before tax, versus $9.8 million or 31% of income before tax for the prior year.

The effective income tax rate was lower than the prevailing corporate federal income tax rate of 35% in the third quarters of 2015 and 2014, primarily due to permanent differences, including the dividends-received deduction, and investments in affordable housing tax credits. Permanent differences resulted in an expense of approximately 2% of income before tax in the third quarter of 2015, versus a benefit of approximately 2% of income before tax in the third quarter of 2014. Investments in affordable housing resulted in a benefit of approximately 4% of income before tax in the third quarters of 2015 versus a benefit of approximately 2% of income before tax in the third quarter of 2014.

The effective income tax rate was lower than the prevailing corporate federal income tax rate of 35% for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014. Permanent differences, including the dividends-received deduction, resulted in a benefit of approximately 2% of income before tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. This compares to a benefit of approximately 1% of income before tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2014. Investments in affordable housing resulted in a benefit of approximately 3% of income before tax for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and 2014.

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Operating Results by Segment

The Company has three reportable business segments, which are defined based on the nature of the products and services offered: Individual Insurance, Group Insurance, and Old American. The Individual Insurance segment consists of individual insurance products for both Kansas City Life and Sunset Life. In addition, the acquired blocks are included with the Individual Insurance segment. The Individual Insurance segment is marketed through a nationwide sales force of independent general agents and third-party marketing arrangements. The Group Insurance segment consists of sales of group life, group disability, dental, and vision products. This segment uses internal sales representatives to market through a nationwide sales force of general agents, agents, and independent brokers, and also markets products through third-party providers that market directly or through independent brokers. Old American consists of individual insurance products designed largely as final expense products. These products are marketed through a nationwide general agency sales force with exclusive territories, using direct response marketing to supply agents with leads. For more information, refer to Note 15 - Segment Information in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

Individual Insurance

The following table presents financial data of the Individual Insurance business segment.



	Quarter Ended						Nine Months Ended
	September 30						September 30
	2015			2014			2015			2014
Insurance revenues:
Net premiums	$	5,260		$	8,664		$	19,847		$	26,023
Contract charges	28,632			29,541			83,467			89,173
Total insurance revenues	33,892			38,205			103,314			115,196
Investment revenues:
Net investment income	35,491			37,697			109,693			113,753
Net realized investment gains, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses	4,457			935			6,520			3,077
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses	(419		)	(765		)	(2,189		)	(1,221		)
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(8		)	433			(168		)	621
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(427		)	(332		)	(2,357		)	(600		)
Total investment revenues	39,521			38,300			113,856			116,230
Other revenues	1,880			2,334			5,595			6,891
Total revenues	75,293			78,839			222,765			238,317

Policyholder benefits	30,834			28,669			83,984			88,996
Interest credited to policyholder account balances	18,597			18,999			55,626			57,205
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	5,765			5,592			8,632			18,558
Operating expenses	15,028			16,049			45,108			44,877
Total benefits and expenses	70,224			69,309			193,350			209,636

Income before income tax expense	5,069			9,530			29,415			28,681

Income tax expense	1,635			2,875			8,781			8,601

Net income	$	3,434		$	6,655		$	20,634		$	20,080

The net income for this segment in the third quarter of 2015 was $3.4 million compared to $6.7 million in the third quarter of 2014. Factors contributing to this decline were decreases in insurance revenues and net investment income, along with an increase in policyholder benefits. Partially offsetting these were an increase in net realized investment gains and lower operating expenses.

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The net income for this segment was $20.6 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared to $20.1 million in the same period in 2014. The increase in the current year reflected decreases in policyholder benefits, interest credited to policyholder account balances, and amortization of deferred acquisition costs, along with an increase in net realized investment gains. Partially offsetting these were decreases in insurance revenues, net investment income, and other revenues.

Total insurance revenues decreased $4.3 million in the third quarter of 2015, reflecting a $3.4 million or 39% decrease in net premiums and a $0.9 million or 3% decrease in contract charges. Total insurance revenues decreased $11.9 million in the first nine months of 2015, reflecting a $6.2 million or 24% decrease in net premiums and a $5.7 million or 6% decrease in contract charges.

The following tables present gross premiums by new and renewal business, less reinsurance ceded. New premiums are also detailed by product.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Traditional life insurance	$	1,115		(10	)%	$	1,242		(2	)%
Immediate annuities	4,462			(39	)%	7,281			(35	)%
Total new premiums	5,577			(35	)%	8,523			(32	)%
Renewal premiums	10,772			—	%	10,765			1	%
Total premiums	16,349			(15	)%	19,288			(16	)%
Reinsurance ceded	(11,089		)	4	%	(10,624		)	1	%
Net premiums	$	5,260		(39	)%	$	8,664		(31	)%



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Traditional life insurance	$	3,220		(13	)%	$	3,710		3	%
Immediate annuities	16,583			(24	)%	21,765			(51	)%
Total new premiums	19,803			(22	)%	25,475			(47	)%
Renewal premiums	32,187			1	%	31,963			1	%
Total premiums	51,990			(9	)%	57,438			(28	)%
Reinsurance ceded	(32,143		)	2	%	(31,415		)	1	%
Net premiums	$	19,847		(24	)%	$	26,023		(46	)%

Total new premiums for this segment decreased $2.9 million or 35% and total renewal premiums were essentially flat in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the same period one year earlier. The decrease in new premiums resulted from a $2.8 million or 39% decrease in immediate annuity premiums. Immediate annuity receipts can have sizeable fluctuations, as receipts from policyholders largely result from one-time premiums rather than recurring premiums. In addition, the conversions from fixed deferred annuities are based upon the individual needs and decisions of contract owners. Conversions from fixed deferred annuities totaled $2.6 million during the third quarter of 2015, down from $5.5 million in the third quarter of 2014.

Total new premiums for this segment decreased $5.7 million or 22% and total renewal premiums increased $0.2 million or 1% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The decrease in new premiums reflected a $5.2 million or 24% decrease in immediate annuity premiums and a $0.5 million or 13% decrease in traditional life premiums. Conversions from fixed deferred annuities totaled $11.4 million during the first nine months of 2015, down from $14.4 million in the first nine months of 2014. The increase in renewal premiums was due to improved traditional life renewal premiums.

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The following tables provide detail by new and renewal deposits. New deposits are also detailed by product.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015		% Change		2014		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	2,891	23	%	$	2,356	(42	)%
Variable universal life insurance	66		(49	)%	130		(4	)%
Fixed annuities	11,089		17	%	9,440		(13	)%
Variable annuities	5,063		(46	)%	9,383		56	%
Total new deposits	19,109		(10	)%	21,309		1	%
Renewal deposits	33,867		(7	)%	36,562		(8	)%
Total deposits	$	52,976	(8	)%	$	57,871	(5	)%



	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015		% Change		2014		% Change
New deposits:
Universal life insurance	$	10,175	27	%	$	8,041	(43	)%
Variable universal life insurance	231		(64	)%	642		(49	)%
Fixed annuities	31,421		(10	)%	34,994		8	%
Variable annuities	15,009		(46	)%	27,640		77	%
Total new deposits	56,836		(20	)%	71,317		12	%
Renewal deposits	110,173		(5	)%	116,407		2	%
Total deposits	$	167,009	(11	)%	$	187,724	6	%

Total new deposits decreased $2.2 million or 10% in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the previous year, resulting from a $4.3 million or 46% decline in new variable annuity deposits. Partially offsetting this were increases of $1.6 million or 17% in new fixed annuity deposits and $0.5 million or 23% in new universal life deposits. Total renewal deposits declined $2.7 million or 7% in the third quarter of 2015, reflecting a $1.4 million or 25% decrease in fixed annuity renewal deposits and a $0.7 million or 10% decline in variable universal life renewal deposits. Universal life and fixed annuity deposits can have sizeable fluctuations period-to-period based upon changes in financial conditions, alternative and competitive products, and consumer preferences.

Total new deposits decreased $14.5 million or 20% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the previous year, resulting from a $12.6 million or 46% decline in new variable annuity deposits and a $3.6 million or 10% decline in new fixed annuity deposits. These were partially offset by a $2.1 million or 27% increase in new universal life deposits. Total renewal deposits declined $6.2 million or 5% in the first nine months of 2015, as an increase in universal life renewal deposits was offset by a decrease in variable universal life and fixed annuity renewal deposits.

Total contract charges on all blocks of business declined $0.9 million or 3% in the third quarter and $5.7 million or 6% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods one year earlier. The decline in the third quarter primarily reflected the runoff of closed blocks of business. The declines in the nine months was primarily due to lower amortization of deferred revenue. An unlocking adjustment decreased the amortization of deferred revenue $2.3 million during the second quarter of 2015 compared to an unlocking adjustment that increased deferred revenue amortization $1.8 million during the second quarter of 2014. In addition, contract charges decreased due to lower surrenders on policyholder account balances in both the third quarter and nine months.

Total contract charges on closed blocks declined 6% in the third quarter and 4% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods in 2014. These declines reflect the general runoff of the closed blocks of business as well as reduced surrender charges on acquired variable universal life and variable annuity products. Total contract charges on open blocks of business, where there is ongoing marketing for new sales, decreased 1% in the third quarter and 8% in the first nine months of 2015. These changes largely reflected the lower amortization of deferred revenue resulting from unlocking effects on the deferred revenue liability.

Gross investment income decreased $1.2 million or 3% in the third quarter and $1.7 million or 1% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the same periods in the prior year. These declines primarily reflected lower average invested assets and lower overall yields earned and available on certain investments. In addition, investment expenses rose $1.0 million or 35% in the third quarter

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and $2.3 million or 26% in the first nine months compared to the prior year, primarily due to an increase in real estate expenses from real estate purchases made in 2014.

Policyholder benefits increased $2.2 million or 8% in the third quarter of 2015 compared to the prior year. This was largely due to an increase in death benefits, net of reinsurance that was partially offset by a decrease in benefit and contract reserves. Contributing to the decline in benefit and contract reserves was a decrease in immediate annuity premiums. Partially offsetting this was the change in the fair value of the GMWB rider that resulted in a $0.8 million increase in benefit and contract reserves.

Policyholder benefits decreased $5.0 million or 6% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The largest factor in this change was a decrease in benefit and contract reserves. Several factors contributed to the change in reserves. Changes in the fair value of the GMWB rider resulted in a $3.8 million decrease in benefit and contract reserves. Approximately $1.5 million of this favorable change was due to the movement of variable annuity investments associated with the GMWB rider into funds managed with the objective of lower volatility. Also contributing to the reserve change was a decrease in immediate annuity premiums. Partially offsetting these declines, death benefits, net of reinsurance, increased in the first nine months of 2015.

Interest credited to policyholder account balances decreased $0.4 million or 2% in the third quarter and $1.6 million or 3% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to one year earlier. These declines were due to lower average crediting rates, as well as a decrease in total policyholder account balances.

The amortization of DAC increased $0.2 million or 3% in the third quarter and decreased $9.9 million or 54% in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The increase in the third quarter was largely due to decreased separate account values on variable products. The decline in the nine months was largely due to an unlocking adjustment that decreased DAC amortization $6.4 million in the second quarter of 2015, compared to an unlocking adjustment that increased DAC amortization $1.7 million in the second quarter of 2014. The unlocking in 2015 was associated with favorable adjustments for mortality and expenses, partially offset by adjustments related to interest rates. The unlocking in 2014 was associated with adjustments related to interest rates that were mostly offset by adjustments for mortality.

Operating expenses decreased $1.0 million or 6% in the third quarter and increased $0.2 million or 1% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with one year earlier. The decrease in the third quarter was due to lower salary and employee benefit costs and to a decline in VOBA amortization, as discussed below. These declines were partially offset by increased legal costs. The increase in the nine months reflected higher VOBA amortization that was partially offset by an increase of capitalized commissions and higher legal costs.

VOBA is evaluated on an ongoing basis for unlocking adjustments. If necessary, adjustments are made in the current period VOBA amortization. The amortization of VOBA decreased $0.4 million in the third quarter and increased $1.5 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared to the prior year. The decrease in the third quarter reflected higher mortality experience. The increase in the nine months was largely due to an unlocking adjustment, which increased VOBA amortization $0.9 million in the second quarter of 2015. This compares to an unlocking adjustment that decreased VOBA amortization $1.5 million in the second quarter of 2014.

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Group Insurance

The following table presents financial data of the Group Insurance business segment.



	Quarter Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30				September 30
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Insurance revenues:
Net premiums	$	14,229	$	14,735	$	41,417	$	43,362
Total insurance revenues	14,229		14,735		41,417		43,362
Investment revenues:
Net investment income	67		132		267		392
Other revenues	47		50		141		152
Total revenues	14,343		14,917		41,825		43,906

Policyholder benefits	7,438		8,303		23,717		25,302
Operating expenses	5,847		6,158		17,269		18,184
Total benefits and expenses	13,285		14,461		40,986		43,486

Income before income tax expense	1,058		456		839		420

Income tax expense	371		160		294		147

Net income	$	687	$	296	$	545	$	273

This segment had net income of $0.7 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared to net income of $0.3 million in the third quarter of 2014. The net income for this segment in the first nine months of 2015 was $0.5 million, an increase of $0.3 million compared with prior year. The increases in both periods were primarily the result of decreases in policyholder benefits and operating expenses. Partially offsetting these was a decrease in net premiums.

Sales from internal sales representatives through independent general agents and agents accounted for approximately 74% of this segment's total premiums during the third quarter and first nine months of 2015, while sales from third-party providers made up the remaining portion of sales. No one third-party provider accounts for a majority of this segment's sales.

The following tables present gross premiums by new and renewal business, less reinsurance ceded. New premiums are also detailed by product.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Group life insurance	$	596		(33	)%	$	893		19	%
Group dental insurance	1,497			(20	)%	1,882			(11	)%
Group disability insurance	1,580			(2	)%	1,613			9	%
Total new premiums	3,673			(16	)%	4,388			1	%
Renewal premiums	13,193			(1	)%	13,337			10	%
Total premiums	16,866			(5	)%	17,725			8	%
Reinsurance ceded	(2,637		)	(12	)%	(2,990		)	(8	)%
Net premiums	$	14,229		(3	)%	$	14,735		11	%

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	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New premiums:
Group life insurance	$	1,706		(36	)%	$	2,652		18	%
Group dental insurance	4,294			(36	)%	6,715			19	%
Group disability insurance	3,865			(17	)%	4,653			(1	)%
Total new premiums	9,865			(30	)%	14,020			11	%
Renewal premiums	39,676			2	%	38,794			7	%
Total premiums	49,541			(6	)%	52,814			8	%
Reinsurance ceded	(8,124		)	(14	)%	(9,452		)	(6	)%
Net premiums	$	41,417		(4	)%	$	43,362		12	%

New group direct premiums decreased $0.7 million or 16% in the third quarter of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014. This decrease was principally from group life and dental premiums, which decreased $0.3 million or 33% and $0.4 million or 20%, respectively, versus the third quarter of 2014. The short-term disability product also experienced a decrease in the third quarter of 2015. New group direct premiums decreased $4.2 million or 30% for the first nine months of 2015, compared to the same period one year earlier. This decrease was largely from the dental and group life product lines, which decreased $2.4 million or 36% and $0.9 million or 36%, respectively, versus the prior year. The short-term disability product also experienced a decrease in the first nine months of 2015. Dental sales are being impacted by the uncertainty that exists for employers concerning the costs, legal requirements, and complexities associated with Affordable Care Act (ACA) compliance. As a result, many employers have been reluctant to engage in new plans or modify existing benefits for employees.

Renewal premiums increased $0.1 million or 1% in the third quarter of 2015 versus the same quarter of 2014. Group life renewal premiums for the third quarter of 2015 increased $0.3 million or 11% versus the same period one year earlier. This improvement was offset by a $0.4 million or 16% decline in short-term disability premiums.

Renewal premiums for the first nine months of 2015 for this segment increased $0.9 million or 2% versus the same period one year earlier. Group dental renewal premiums increased $1.3 million or 7% and group life premiums increased $0.8 million or 10% for the first nine months, while the short-term disability premiums declined $1.2 million or 18% during this period. The overall increase in renewal premiums was the result of improved retention on existing business.

This segment uses targeted reinsurance in its life and disability product lines to help mitigate risk and allow for a higher level and volume of sales and profitability. Reinsurance ceded premiums decreased $0.4 million for the third quarter and $1.3 million for the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same respective periods in 2014.

Total policyholder benefits for this segment consist of claim payments, net of reinsurance, and increases or decreases in reserves for future policy benefits. Total policyholder benefits for this segment decreased $0.9 million or 10% in the third quarter of 2015 compared with the same period in 2014. This resulted from a $0.5 million or 32% decrease in group life benefits and a $0.6 million or 11% decrease in group dental benefits. Total policyholder benefits, net of reinsurance, decreased $1.6 million or 6% for the first nine months of 2015 compared with prior year. This decrease was largely from the group dental product, where benefit costs decreased $1.4 million or 8% compared with the prior year.

This segment identifies and tracks a policyholder benefit ratio, which is derived by dividing policyholder benefits, net of reinsurance, by total group insurance revenues. This ratio allows for a measure of the comparability of product and marketing changes over time. Generally, within each product line, a lower ratio reflects improved results. This ratio was 52% for the third quarter of 2015 compared to 56% for the third quarter of 2014. The ratio was 57% for the first nine months of 2015 compared to 58% in the same period one year earlier. The decrease in this ratio in the third quarter and nine months was most notable in the life and dental product lines.

Operating expenses consist of commissions, fees to third-party marketing and administrative organizations, and expenses from the Company's internal operations. Operating expenses for this segment decreased $0.3 million or 5% in the third quarter and $0.9 million or 5% for the nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods in the prior year. These results primarily reflect decreased commissions, resulting from lower new sales volume, that were partially offset by increases in third-party administration charges and administrative expenses from internal operations.

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Old American

The following table presents financial data of the Old American business segment.



	Quarter Ended					Nine Months Ended
	September 30					September 30
	2015			2014		2015			2014
Insurance revenues:
Net premiums	$	19,992		$	19,182	$	59,242		$	56,520
Total insurance revenues	19,992			19,182		59,242			56,520
Investment revenues:
Net investment income	2,719			2,779		8,215			8,505
Net realized investment gains, excluding other-than-temporary impairment losses	18			46		204			353
Net impairment losses recognized in earnings:
Total other-than-temporary impairment losses	—			—		—			—
Portion of impairment losses recognized in other comprehensive income (loss)	(1		)	—		(3		)	(1		)
Net other-than-temporary impairment losses recognized in earnings	(1		)	—		(3		)	(1		)
Total investment revenues	2,736			2,825		8,416			8,857
Other revenues	—			1		1			18
Total revenues	22,728			22,008		67,659			65,395

Policyholder benefits	13,281			12,703		41,998			38,284
Amortization of deferred acquisition costs	3,479			4,205		10,954			12,596
Operating expenses	3,935			3,482		11,723			11,564
Total benefits and expenses	20,695			20,390		64,675			62,444

Income before income tax expense	2,033			1,618		2,984			2,951

Income tax expense	719			609		1,051			1,047

Net income	$	1,314		$	1,009	$	1,933		$	1,904

Net income for the Old American segment was $1.3 million in the third quarter of 2015, compared with net income of $1.0 million in the prior year's third quarter. Total insurance revenues increased $0.8 million compared with the prior year but were partially offset by a $0.6 million increase in policyholder benefits. Total investment revenue decreased slightly, while amortization of deferred acquisition costs decreased $0.7 million and operating expenses increased $0.5 million.

Net income for this segment was $1.9 million for the first nine months of both 2015 and 2014. Policyholder benefits increased $3.7 million for the first nine months. Partially offsetting this increase, life insurance premiums increased $2.5 million and amortization of deferred acquisition costs decreased $1.6 million.

The following tables present gross premiums by new and renewal business, less reinsurance ceded.



	Quarter Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New individual life premiums	$	3,552		10	%	$	3,240		14	%
Renewal premiums	16,774			3	%	16,324			4	%
Total premiums	20,326			4	%	19,564			6	%
Reinsurance ceded	(334		)	(13	)%	(382		)	(10	)%
Net premiums	$	19,992		4	%	$	19,182		6	%

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	Nine Months Ended September 30
	2015			% Change		2014			% Change
New individual life premiums	$	10,474		11	%	$	9,465		2	%
Renewal premiums	49,723			3	%	48,263			4	%
Total premiums	60,197			4	%	57,728			4	%
Reinsurance ceded	(955		)	(21	)%	(1,208		)	(11	)%
Net premiums	$	59,242		5	%	$	56,520		4	%

Total new premiums increased $0.3 million or 10% in the third quarter of 2015, while total renewal premiums increased $0.5 million or 3% compared to the same period one year earlier. Total new premiums increased $1.0 million or 11% in the first nine months of 2015, while total renewal premiums increased $1.5 million or 3%. This segment continues to have favorable experience with its renewal premiums, which are largely the result of growth in new sales in prior periods and favorable retention of business.

Net investment income decreased $0.1 million or 2% in the third quarter and decreased $0.3 million or 3% in the first nine months of 2015 versus the same periods in the prior year. These decreases were largely due to lower overall yields earned and available on certain investments. In addition, net realized investment gains decreased less than $0.1 million in the third quarter and decreased $0.2 million in first nine months of 2015 versus the same periods in 2014.

Policyholder benefits increased $0.6 million in the third quarter and $3.7 million in the first nine months versus the same periods in the prior year. These increases were largely due to an increase in reserves of $1.1 million in the third quarter and $1.7 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods one year earlier, in part due to growth in sales and business retention.

The amortization of DAC decreased $0.7 million or 17% in the third quarter and $1.6 million or 13% in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods one year earlier. These decreases were largely due to changes in expense assumptions on new business.

Operating expenses increased $0.5 million during the third quarter and $0.2 million in the first nine months of 2015 compared with the same periods one year earlier. The increase in the third quarter was primarily the result of increases in agent meeting costs and salary and employee benefit costs.

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Analysis of Investments

The Company seeks to protect policyholders’ benefits and achieve a desired level of organizational profitability by optimizing risk and return on an ongoing basis through managing asset and liability cash flows, monitoring credit risk, avoiding high levels of investments that may be redeemed by the issuer, maintaining sufficiently liquid investments and avoiding undue asset concentrations through diversification, among other things.

The primary sources of investment risk to which the Company is exposed include credit risk, interest rate risk, and liquidity risk. The Company’s ability to manage these risks is essential to the success of the organization. In particular, the Company devotes considerable resources to both the credit analysis of each new investment and to ongoing credit positions. A default by an issuer usually involves some loss of principal to the investor. Losses can be mitigated by timely sales of affected securities or by active involvement in a restructuring process. However, there can be no assurance that the efforts of an investor will lead to favorable outcomes in a bankruptcy or restructuring. Credit risk is managed primarily through industry, issuer, and structure diversification.

For additional information regarding the Company’s asset/liability management program, please see the Asset/Liability Management section within Item 7A: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk in the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

The fair value of fixed maturity and equity securities with unrealized losses was $451.5 million at September 30, 2015, compared with $297.3 million at December 31, 2014. The increase primarily reflected the increase in market spreads during the first nine months of 2015, particularly among securities impacted by the recent reduced values of oil and other commodities. At September 30, 2015, 94% of security investments with an unrealized loss were investment grade and accounted for 85% of the total unrealized losses. At December 31, 2014, 94% of securities with an unrealized loss were investment grade and accounted for 82% of the total unrealized losses. At September 30, 2015, the Company had gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity securities of $19.9 million that were offset by $158.8 million in gross unrealized gains. At December 31, 2014, the Company had $11.8 million in gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity securities, offset by $186.4 million in gross unrealized gains. At September 30, 2015, 83% of the fixed maturity and equity securities portfolio had unrealized gains, a decrease from 89% at December 31, 2014. The decrease in unrealized gains at September 30, 2015 largely reflects an overall increase in market spreads during the first nine months of 2015. Gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity securities for less than 12 months accounted for $11.7 million or 59% of total unrealized losses and 78% of the value of the securities in a gross unrealized loss position at September 30, 2015. Gross unrealized losses on fixed maturity and equity security investments of 12 months or longer decreased from $8.9 million at December 31, 2014 to $8.2 million at September 30, 2015.

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The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in fixed maturity and equity securities available for sale with unrealized losses at September 30, 2015 and should be considered in conjunction with information in Note 4.



	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	429,069	$	415,866	$	13,203
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	20,973		18,275		2,698
Subtotal	450,042		434,141		15,901
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	7,051		5,266		1,785
Twelve months or greater	908		594		314
Total investment grade	7,959		5,860		2,099
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	5,274		3,476		1,798
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	5,274		3,476		1,798
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	13,233		9,336		3,897
Subtotal	463,275		443,477		19,798

Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	7,997		7,938		59
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	—		—		—
Subtotal	7,997		7,938		59
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	110		58		52
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total investment grade	110		58		52
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	110		58		52
Subtotal	8,107		7,996		111
Total	$	471,382	$	451,473	$	19,909

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The following table summarizes the Company’s investments in securities available for sale with unrealized losses at December 31, 2014 and should be considered in conjunction with information in Note 4.



	Amortized Cost		Fair Value		Gross Unrealized Losses
Securities owned without realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	$	295,543	$	286,130	$	9,413
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	8,973		7,874		1,099
Subtotal	304,516		294,004		10,512
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	908		663		245
Total investment grade	908		663		245
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	908		663		245
Subtotal	305,424		294,667		10,757

Securities owned with realized impairment:
Unrealized losses of 10% or less	—		—		—
Unrealized losses of 20% or less and greater than 10%	—		—		—
Subtotal	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%:
Investment grade:
Less than twelve months	3,688		2,658		1,030
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total investment grade	3,688		2,658		1,030
Below investment grade:
Less than twelve months	—		—		—
Twelve months or greater	—		—		—
Total below investment grade	—		—		—
Unrealized losses greater than 20%	3,688		2,658		1,030
Subtotal	3,688		2,658		1,030
Total	$	309,112	$	297,325	$	11,787

The three categories of investments with the largest amount of unrealized losses at September 30, 2015 were from the industrial sector, the energy sector, and other securities. The unrealized losses in the industrial and energy sectors primarily relate to changes in interest rates and market spreads subsequent to purchase. The other securities category is largely composed of asset-backed securities. The Company performs present value calculations of future cash flow projections for many of the asset-backed securities to evaluate the potential for other-than-temporary impairment. The Company continues to monitor these investments as described in Note 4. Please refer to that note for further information.

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The following table provides information on fixed maturity securities with gross unrealized losses by actual or equivalent Standard & Poor’s rating at September 30, 2015.



	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	9,872	2	%	$	125	1	%
AA	62,534		14	%	2,205		10	%
A	129,666		29	%	2,769		14	%
BBB	214,393		49	%	11,737		60	%
Total investment grade	416,465		94	%	16,836		85	%
BB	17,519		4	%	2,755		14	%
B and below	9,503		2	%	115		1	%
Total below investment grade	27,022		6	%	2,870		15	%
	$	443,487	100	%	$	19,706	100	%



	Fair Value		% of Total		Gross Unrealized Losses		% of Total
AAA	$	7,953	3	%	$	47	—	%
AA	37,702		13	%	1,670		15	%
A	91,299		32	%	2,840		26	%
BBB	132,230		46	%	4,580		41	%
Total investment grade	269,184		94	%	9,137		82	%
BB	13,969		5	%	1,031		9	%
B and below	2,657		1	%	1,029		9	%
Total below investment grade	16,626		6	%	2,060		18	%
	$	285,810	100	%	$	11,197	100	%

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	September 30, 2015
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2003	0.8	%	1.0	%	30	%	35	%	12.0	%	16.0	%
2004	0.8	%	7.6	%	35	%	73	%	10.0	%	16.0	%
2005	3.5	%	10.6	%	35	%	71	%	6.0	%	20.0	%
2006	8.8	%	8.8	%	85	%	85	%	8.0	%	8.0	%
2007	10.4	%	10.4	%	62	%	62	%	10.0	%	10.0	%


	December 31, 2014
	Initial Default Rate				Initial Severity Rate				Prepayment Speed
Vintage	Low		High		Low		High		Low		High
2003	0.8	%	1.0	%	30	%	35	%	12.0	%	16.0	%
2004	0.8	%	7.0	%	35	%	65	%	8.0	%	18.0	%
2005	4.8	%	12.6	%	35	%	71	%	6.0	%	18.0	%
2006	5.7	%	8.4	%	35	%	85	%	8.0	%	16.0	%
2007	11.0	%	11.0	%	59	%	59	%	8.0	%	8.0	%

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The following tables divide these investment types among vintage and credit ratings.



	September 30, 2015
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & non-agency MBS: ¹
Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	4,563	$	4,400	$	163
2004	5,645		5,402		243
2005	2,841		2,830		11
Total investment grade	13,049		12,632		417
Below Investment Grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	2,248		2,150		98
2004	24,179		23,109		1,070
2005	44,679		42,812		1,867
2006	1,971		947		1,024
2007	2,994		2,798		196
Total below investment grade	76,071		71,816		4,255
Other structured securities:
Investment grade	60,005		59,749		256
Below investment grade	14,716		15,666		(950		)
Total other	74,721		75,415		(694		)
Total structured securities	$	163,841	$	159,863	$	3,978

¹This table accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.



	December 31, 2014
	Fair Value		Amortized Cost		Unrealized Gains (Losses)
Residential & non-agency MBS: ¹
Investment grade:
Vintage 2003 and earlier	$	8,249	$	7,910	$	339
2004	6,459		6,177		282
Total investment grade	14,708		14,087		621
Below investment grade:
2004	29,647		28,080		1,567
2005	55,806		53,741		2,065
2006	3,528		2,406		1,122
2007	3,386		3,164		222
Total below investment grade	92,367		87,391		4,976
Other structured securities:
Investment grade	57,672		57,658		14
Below investment grade	14,728		16,073		(1,345		)
Total other	72,400		73,731		(1,331		)
Total structured securities	$	179,475	$	175,209	$	4,266

¹This table accounts for all vintages owned by the Company.

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Total net unrealized gains on investments in non-U.S. Agency structured securities totaled $4.0 million at September 30, 2015, compared to a net unrealized gain of $4.3 million at December 31, 2014. Total net unrealized gains on these securities as a percent of total amortized cost totaled 2% at September 30, 2015.

The Company has written down certain investments in previous periods. Fixed maturity securities written down and continuing to be owned at September 30, 2015 had a fair value of $86.6 million with net unrealized gains of $4.9 million, which compares to the December 31, 2014 fair value of $105.3 million and net unrealized gains of $4.8 million. The identification of additional information or further deteriorations could result in additional impairments in future periods.

The Company evaluated the current status of all investments previously written down to determine whether the Company continues to believe that these investments were still credit-impaired to the extent previously recorded. The Company's evaluation process is similar to its impairment evaluation process. If evidence exists that the Company believes that it will receive its contractual cash flows from securities previously written down, the accretion of income is adjusted. The Company did not change its evaluation of any investments under this process during the first nine months of 2015 or 2014.

The Company maintains a diversified investment portfolio, including 4% of its investment portfolio in municipal bond securities and 8% in bond securities from foreign issuers at September 30, 2015. Approximately 60% of the Company's foreign securities were from issuers in Canada, Australia, and Great Britain at September 30, 2015. The Company has no holdings in European sovereign debt and all of these investments are denominated in U.S. dollars. The fair value of the Company's securities from foreign issuers at September 30, 2015 was $267.4 million with a net unrealized gain of $2.4 million. This compares to a fair value of $266.6 million with a net unrealized gain of $9.3 million at December 31, 2014.

The Company did not have any material direct exposure to financial guarantors at September 30, 2015 or December 31, 2014. The Company's indirect exposure to financial guarantors totaled $24.1 million, which was less than 1% of the Company's investment assets at September 30, 2015. The unrealized gain on these investments totaled $2.8 million at September 30, 2015. The Company's indirect exposure to financial guarantors at December 31, 2014 totaled $24.8 million, which was 1% of the Company's total investments. Total net unrealized gains on these investments totaled $2.9 million at December 31, 2014.

The Company’s investment portfolio also includes mortgage loans, real estate, policy loans, and short-term investments. Mortgage loans comprised 16% of total investments at September 30, 2015 and 15% at December 31, 2014. Real estate investments were 5% of total investments at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Policy loans and short-term investments comprised 3% of total invested assets at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014.

Investments in mortgage loans totaled $569.0 million at September 30, 2015 and $541.2 million at December 31, 2014. The Company's mortgage loans are mostly secured by commercial real estate and are stated at the outstanding principal balance, adjusted for amortization of premium and accrual of discount, less an allowance for loan losses. This allowance is maintained at a level believed by management to be adequate to absorb estimated credit losses and was $2.0 million at September 30, 2015 and $1.9 million at December 31, 2014. The Company evaluates the macro-environmental risk on an ongoing basis using multiple considerations. For additional information on the Company’s mortgage loan portfolio, please see Note 4.

Investments in real estate totaled $163.0 million at September 30, 2015 and $181.1 million at December 31, 2014. In the third quarter of 2015, the Company sold a developed property that resulted in a realized gain of $4.2 million before applicable income taxes.

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Liquidity and Capital Resources

Liquidity

Statements made in the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended, remain pertinent, as the Company's liquidity position is materially unchanged from year-end 2014.

Net cash provided by operating activities was $10.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015. The primary sources of cash from operating activities in the first nine months of 2015 were premium receipts and net investment income. The primary uses of cash from operating activities in the first nine months of 2015 were for the payment of policyholder benefits and operating expenses. Net cash used in investing activities was $1.5 million, driven mainly by purchases of investments totaling $311.3 million. The purchases were mostly offset by sales, maturities, calls, and principal paydowns of investments totaling $294.2 million and net sales of short-term investments of $16.0 million. Net cash used in financing activities was $9.8 million, primarily due to a net change in treasury stock of $9.9 million, the payment of stockholder dividends of $8.7 million, and withdrawals net of deposits on policyholder accounts totaling $2.1 million. Partially offsetting these were net transfers from separate accounts of $7.3 million and a change in other deposits of $3.5 million.

Debt and Short-Term Borrowing

The Company and certain subsidiaries have access to borrowing capacity through their membership affiliation with the FHLB. At September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014, there were no outstanding balances with the FHLB. The Company has access to unsecured revolving lines of credit of $70.0 million with two major commercial banks with no balances outstanding. These lines of credit will mature in June of 2016. The Company anticipates renewing these lines of credit as they come due.

Capital Resources

The Company considers existing capital resources to be adequate to support the current level of business activities. In addition, the Company's statutory equity exceeds the minimum capital deemed necessary to support its insurance business, as determined by the risk-based capital calculations and guidelines established by the National Association of Insurance Commissioners. The Company believes these statutory limitations impose no practical restrictions on its dividend payment plans.

The following table shows the capital adequacy for the Company.



	September 30			December 31
	2015			2014
Total assets, excluding separate accounts	$	4,138,436		$	4,165,366
Total stockholders' equity	729,840			742,759
Ratio of stockholders' equity to assets, excluding separate accounts	18		%	18		%

The ratio of equity to assets less separate accounts was 18% at both September 30, 2015 and December 31, 2014. Stockholders' equity decreased $12.9 million from year-end 2014. The decrease in the nine months was largely due to other comprehensive loss, primarily resulting from a decrease in net unrealized gains on securities. This was partially offset by an increase in retained earnings due to net income.

The stock repurchase program was extended by the Board of Directors through January 2016 to permit the purchase of up to one million of the Company's shares on the open market. During the first nine months of 2015, the Company purchased 215,548 shares under the stock repurchase program, which contributed to reduced total stockholders' equity in the amount of $9.8 million. During the first nine months of 2014, the Company purchased 78,908 shares under the stock repurchase program, which contributed to reduced total stockholders' equity in the amount of $3.6 million. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company announced that it has suspended repurchasing shares on the open market until completion, withdrawal, or termination of the proposed reverse/forward stock split transaction, which was announced during the third quarter.

During the nine months ended September 30, 2015, the Company purchased 418 shares and sold 400 shares of treasury stock from the Company's employee stock ownership plan for a net increase in treasury stock of less than $0.1 million. The employee stock ownership plan held 23,045 shares of the Company's stock at September 30, 2015. During the third quarter of 2015, the Company announced the termination of its employee stock ownership plan. The final valuation date for the assets held by the plan was September 30, 2015, and distribution of the plan’s assets occurred early in the fourth quarter of 2015. As part of the termination of the employee stock ownership plan, the Company repurchased 14,670 of the plan’s 23,045 shares during the fourth quarter of 2015 to satisfy those participants who requested cash distributions from the plan. The remaining shares were distributed to plan participants.

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On October 26, 2015, the Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share, unchanged from the prior year. The dividend will be paid November 11, 2015 to stockholders of record as of November 5, 2015. Total stockholder dividends paid were $8.7 million and $8.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2015 and September 30, 2014, respectively.

Item 3: Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

Periods of volatility and market uncertainty represent a heightened risk for all financial institutions. Such events could negatively affect the Company and policyholder activity, such as a reduction in sales, increased policy surrenders, increased policy loans, and reduced earnings. The Company has factored these risks into its risk management processes and its disclosures of financial condition.

Please refer to the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended, for a more complete discussion of quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk.

Item 4. Controls and Procedures

As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(b), Kansas City Life Insurance Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation as of the end of the period covered by this report, of the effectiveness of the Company's disclosure controls and procedures as defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(e). Based on that evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company's disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of the end of the period covered by this report. As required by Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(d), Kansas City Life Insurance Company management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, also conducted an evaluation of the Company's internal control over financial reporting to determine whether any changes occurred during the period covered by this report materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect the Company's internal control over financial reporting. Based on that evaluation, there has been no such change during the period covered by this report.

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Part II: Other Information

Item 1. Legal Proceedings

The life insurance industry, including the Company and its subsidiaries, has been subject to an increase in litigation in recent years. Such litigation has been pursued on behalf of purported classes of insurance purchasers, often questioning the conduct of insurers in the marketing of their products.

In addition to the above, the Company and its subsidiaries are defendants in, or subject to, other claims or legal actions related to insurance and investment products. Some of these claims and legal actions are in jurisdictions where juries are given substantial latitude in assessing damages, including punitive damages.

Although no assurances can be given and no determinations can be made at this time, management believes that the ultimate liability, if any, with respect to these other claims and legal actions would not have a material effect on the Company's business, results of operations, or financial position.

Item 1A. Risk Factors

The operating results of life insurance companies have historically been subject to significant fluctuations. The factors which could affect the Company's future results include, but are not limited to, general economic conditions and the known trends and uncertainties which are discussed more fully in the Company's Risk Factors included in Part I, Item 1A of the Company's 2014 Form 10-K, as amended.

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Item 2. Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds

Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities



Period	Total Number of Shares Purchased Open Market/Benefit Plans		Average Purchase Price Paid per Share		Total Number of Shares Purchased as a Part of Publicly Announced Plans or Programs	Maximum Number of Shares that May Yet be Purchased Under the Plans or Programs

1/1/15 - 1/31/15	9,119	¹	$	47.77	9,119	990,881
	353	²	48.03

2/1/15 - 2/28/15	—	¹	—		—	990,881
	—	²	—

3/1/15 - 3/31/15	35,848	¹	46.07		35,848	955,033
	—	²	—

4/1/15 - 4/30/15	47,977	¹	45.96		47,977	907,056
	—	²	—

5/1/15 - 5/31/15	46,565	¹	44.63		46,565	860,491
	—	²	—

6/1/15 - 6/30/15	50,872	¹	45.38		50,872	809,619
	—	²	—

7/1/15- 7/31/15	25,167	¹	45.82		25,167	784,452
	65	²	45.71

8/1/15 - 8/31/15	—	¹	—		—	784,452
	—	²	—

9/1/15 - 9/30/15	—	¹	—		—	784,452
	—	²	—

Total	215,966				215,548

¹On January 26, 2015, the Company's Board of Directors authorized the repurchase of up to 1,000,000 shares of its common stock through January 25, 2016.

²Included in this column are the total shares purchased from the employee stock ownership (ESOP) plan sponsored by the Company during the consecutive months of January through September 2015.

Item 3. Defaults Upon Senior Securities

Not applicable.

Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.

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Item 5. Other Information



3520 Broadway, Kansas City, MO 64111	Contact:	Tracy W. Knapp, Chief Financial Officer, (816) 753-7299, Ext. 8216

For Immediate Release: October 27, 2015 press release reporting financial results for the third quarter of 2015.

Kansas City Life Announces Third Quarter 2015 Results

Kansas City Life Insurance Company recorded net income of $5.4 million or $0.52 per share in the third quarter of 2015, a decrease of $2.5 million or $0.21 per share relative to the same quarter in the prior year. The decline in earnings for the quarter was primarily due to increased policyholder benefits, including increased death benefits. Net income totaled $23.1 million or $2.16 per share in the first nine months of 2015, an increase of $0.9 million or $0.13 per share relative to the same period one year earlier. The results for both periods reflected reductions in amortization of deferred acquisition costs, interest credited to policyholder account balances, and operating expenses. In addition, net realized investment gains increased in both periods, primarily resulting from a gain on the sale of real estate during the third quarter of 2015. Partially offsetting these favorable factors in both periods were decreases in insurance revenues, primarily from reduced contract charges and lower premiums from annuity and accident and health products, and decreases in net investment income. The decline in net investment income reflects the continuing low interest rate environment.

On October 26, 2015, the Kansas City Life Board of Directors declared a quarterly dividend of $0.27 per share that will be paid on November 11, 2015 to stockholders of record on November 5, 2015.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company (NASDAQ: KCLI) was established in 1895 and is based in Kansas City, Missouri. The Company's primary business is providing financial protection through the sale of life insurance and annuities. The Company's revenues were $465.0 million in 2014, and assets and life insurance in force were $4.6 billion and $32.0 billion, respectively, as of December 31, 2014. The Company operates in 49 states and the District of Columbia. For more information, please see the Company’s Year End Form 10-K, as amended, or please visit www.kclife.com.

Kansas City Life Insurance Company

Condensed Consolidated Income Statement

(amounts in thousands, except share data)



	Quarter Ended				Nine Months Ended
	September 30				September 30
	2015		2014		2015		2014
Revenues	$	112,261	$	115,663	$	331,939	$	347,314

Net income	$	5,435	$	7,960	$	23,112	$	22,257

Net income per share, basic and diluted	$	0.52	$	0.73	$	2.16	$	2.03

Dividends paid	$	0.27	$	0.27	$	0.81	$	0.81

Average number of shares outstanding	10,615,142		10,941,544		10,711,102		10,957,546

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Item 6. Exhibits

(a)Exhibits



Exhibit Number:

31(a)		Section 302 Certification.

31(b)		Section 302 Certification.

32(a)		Section 1350 Certification.

101.INS		XBRL Instance Document

101.SCH		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document

101.CAL		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document

101.DEF		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Document

101.LAB		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document

101.PRE		XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document

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Signatures

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.



	KANSAS CITY LIFE INSURANCE COMPANY
	(Registrant)

/s/ R. Philip Bixby

R. Philip Bixby

President, Chief Executive Officer

and Chairman of the Board

/s/ Tracy W. Knapp

Tracy W. Knapp

Senior Vice President, Finance

Date: October 27, 2015