GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Guarded Growth: Absolute Return Notes  What are the key features of Absolute Return Notes?  ■■ Absolute Return Feature: Provides the investor with a positive  return if the underlying index performance is negative at maturity.  This feature typically applies to the first 10-30% decline in theunderlying index, depending on the Note  ■■ Partial or contingent principal protection against a market  correction: These Notes typically limit exposure to a market  correction of usually 10-30%, either in the form of a Buffer (partialprincipal protection) or Barrier (contingent principal protection),depending on the Note and subject to the credit risk of the issuer1.Usually, the absolute return feature applies down to the relevantBuffer or Barrier level  ■■ Upside participation in the positive performance of the  underlying index. In some cases, participation can be greater than  100% of the underlying index performance  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of a broad-based  benchmark equity index (the “underlying index”), such as the S&P  500® Index, and/or other underlying indexes, ETFs, sectors andsingle stocks  ■■ Complement or an alternative to traditional equity investments  such as ETFs and mutual funds for their potential to outperform  in one or more of the following types of return environments,depending on the structure: bearish, moderately bearish,  moderately bullish, or bullish  Why would an investor purchase Absolute Return Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolioto Absolute Return Notes if they:  ■■ Are concerned about a market decline and want a positive return  even if the market return is negative at maturity. The absolute  return feature would only apply down to the stated Buffer orBarrier level  ■■ Want participation in market gains with the potential to  outperform, depending on the terms of the Note  ■■ Are comfortable with partial or full principal at risk should the  level of the underlying index be lower than the Buffer or Barrier at  the maturity of the Note  ■■ Are interested in an investment that may generate long-term  capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes if they hold  the Note for more than one year  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer,  Royal Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the Notes until their stated  maturity  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Limitation of Absolute Return Feature: Only applicable down  to the stated Buffer or Barrier level; below such level the absolute  return feature will not apply  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or a  substantial portion of their initial investment if the underlying  index declines by more than the Buffer or Barrier at the maturity ofthe note. Investors in a Note with a Barrier feature could lose all oftheir initial investment.  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying index or its constituent stocks  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the Notes  can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount from theprincipal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and,  as such, any market-linked return and payments at maturity are  subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  GUARDED GROWTH: ABSOLUTE RETURN NOTES  ABSOLUTE RETURN BUFFER NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of an Absolute Return Buffer Note linked to an underlying index and assumes a  20% Buffer and 100% participation.  Hypothetical Example  Redemption at Maturity  3  Issuer  Royal Bank of Canada  Term 5 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  1:1 Upside20% Buffer 1 Participation  Buffer  20%  Absolute Return Feature Absolute return down to a negative index  return of 20%Upside Participation 100%  2  Underlying PerformanceRedemption at Maturity  Absolute Return Buffer Note: Return Scenarios at Maturity  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff  1 Index return is negative but not by more than the Buffer Level  2 Index return is less than the Buffer Level  -5% +5%  -20% +20%  -25% -5%  -50% -30%  Absolute Return Feature  1:1 loss from Buffer  3 Index return is positive  +20% +20% 100% Upside  +50% +50% participation  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased or reduced by the Note Return  ABSOLUTE RETURN BARRIER NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of an Absolute Return Barrier Note linked to an underlying index and assumes a30% Barrier and 100% participation.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer Royal Bank of Canada  Term 5 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  Redemption at Maturity 3  1:1 Upside30% Barrier1 Participation  Barrier Percentage  30%  Absolute Return Feature Absolute return down to a negative index  return of 30%Upside Participation 100%  Underlying Performance  Redemption at Maturity  2  Absolute Return Barrier Note: Return Scenarios at Maturity  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff  1 Index return is negative but not by more than the Barrier Level  -10% +10%  -30% +30%  Absolute Return Feature  2  Index return is negative by more than the Barrier Percentage(i.e. -30.01% to -100%)  -31% -31%  -50% -50%  1:1 loss from initial level  3 Index return is positive  +20% +20% 100% Upside  +50% +50% participation  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased or reduced by the Note Return  These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and areintended merely to illustrate the impact that various return scenarios could have on an investor's return at maturity, assuming all other variables remainconstant. The actual performance of the Note may bear little relation to the examples shown. 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  GUARDED GROWTH: ABSOLUTE RETURN NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or a substantial portion of their principal if there is a decline in the level of the underlying index. Investors in a Note with a Barrierfeature could lose all of their initial investment.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn on other investments during the same term. The return on the Notes may be lessthan the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the components of the underlying index or a security directly linked to the underlying index or its components.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the Notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-131A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Enhanced Income: Autocallable Contingent CouponBarrier Notes  What are the key features of Autocallable ContingentCoupon Barrier Notes?  ■■ Enhanced income potential relative to traditional income-  generating investments  ■■ Coupon and maturity payments are contingent upon the  performance of one Underlying Asset, typically a single stock an  exchange traded fund (ETFs), or broad-based equity index (the“Underlying Asset”)  ■■ The Notes can be automatically called by the issuer at fixed  intervals, typically quarterly, during the term of the Note  ■■ Payment at Maturity is determined by the performance of the  Underlying Asset  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of an individual stock,  exchange traded fund (ETFs), or broad-based benchmark equity  index  ■■ Complement or an alternative to high yield fixed income  investments and/or direct ownership in the Underlying Asset  Why would an investor purchase the Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolioto Notes if they:  ■■ Would like the potential to earn enhanced income, relative to  traditional income generating investments, with exposure to a  stock, ETF, or equity index they otherwise already own and/orare moderately bullish on  ■■ Understand that coupon payments are contingent upon the  performance of the Underlying Asset and that a coupon might  not be paid during the term of the Note if the Underlying Assetcloses below a specified coupon barrier level on the specifiedobservation dates  ■■ Are comfortable with full principal at risk should the level of  the Underlying Asset be lower than the principal barrier level at  the maturity of the Note  ■■ Are willing to forgo any upside participation in the Underlying  Asset from its initial level  ■■ Are comfortable assuming reinvestment risk should the Note  get automatically called before the maturity date  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer,  Royal Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the Notes until their stated  maturity if they are not previously called  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or a  substantial portion of their initial investment if the Underlying  Asset declines by more than the Buffer or Barrier at the maturityof the Note. For Notes with a Barrier, investors could potentiallylose all of their initial investment.  ■■ Contingent coupon payments: No coupon will be paid if the  Underlying Asset closes below the coupon barrier level on the  relevant observation dates. Investors may receive no couponsduring the term of the Notes  ■■ Subject to Automatic Call: Notes automatically called if the  level of the Underlying Asset is greater than or equal to its initial  level on specified observation dates. If called, investors may beunable to reinvest their proceeds in a product with a comparablecoupon  ■■ Limited Return: The return on the Notes is limited to the  coupon payments, if any. Investors will not participate in any  appreciation of the Underlying Asset  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  Underlying Asset  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the  Notes can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount fromthe principal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and,  as such, any market-linked return and payments at maturity are  subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  ENHANCED INCOME: AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON BARRIER NOTES  AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON NOTES LINKED TO THE PERFORMANCE OF A SINGLE STOCK - PAYOFF PROFILE DURING TERM OF NOTEAND AT MATURITY  The following illustrates hypothetical scenarios of holding a Note and assumes a 30% principal and coupon barrier.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer  Royal Bank of Canada  Term  2 years  Underlying  An individual stock  Coupon Barrier Level  70% of the stock’s initial price  Principal Barrier Level  70% of the stock’s initial price  Coupon  8% per annum; paid only if stock’s price is at or above Coupon Barrier Level on the specified quarterly observation dates  Coupon frequency  Quarterly  Autocall Feature  Starting in month 6, automatically called if the Underlying Asset is at or above its initial price on the specifiedquarterly observation dates  Quarterly Coupon  If, on a specified observation date before maturity:  Payment  Called?  Note Payoff*  The stock price is less than its initial price and greater than or equal to thecoupon barrier level  2% No N/A  The stock price is less than the coupon barrier level  0%  No  N/A  The stock price is greater than or equal to its initial price 2% Yes  Early redemption; full principal is returned  If the Note was never called, then at maturity if:  The stock price is greater than or equal to the principal barrier level and thecoupon barrier  2% N/A Full principal is returned  The stock price is less than the principal barrier level and coupon barrier level 0% N/A  1:1 percentage loss from the stock’s initial price  *Payment of principal subject to issuer’s credit risk  POTENTIAL RETURN AND AUTOMATIC CALL SCENARIOS PRIOR TO MATURITY  Stock Stock  120% Barrier 120% Barrier  110% Initial 110% Initial  100% 100%  90% 90%  80% 80%  70% 70%  60% 60%  50% 50%  Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8  Date First Date First  Call Date Call Date  ■ On the relevant observation date, ■ On the relevant observation date,  the investor will receive a coupon the investor will not receive a  of 2% for Q1 and 2% for Q2 since coupon in Q1 because the stock  the stock price is above the price is below the barrier level.  barrier of 70% The investor will receive a coupon  POTENTIAL RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY IF NEVER CALLED  Stock Stock  120% Barrier 120% Barrier  110% Initial 110% Initial  100% 100%  90% 90%  80% 80%  70% 70%  60% 60%  50% 50%  Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8  Date First Date First  Call Date Call Date  ■ On the relevant observation date, ■ No coupons are paid during  the investor will receive a coupon the term of the Note since the  of 2% only for Q8 since the stock stock’s closing price was always  price is above the barrier of 70% below the barrier of 70% on each  on such date observation date  ■ The Note will be called from the investor at the Q2 call date at  100% of their principal amountbecause the stock price is above100% of its initial value  of 2% for Q2, and a coupon of2% for Q3 since the stock price isabove the barrier of 70% on eachrespective date  ■ The Note will be called from the investor at the Q3 call date at  100% of their principal valuebecause the stock price is above100% of its initial value  ■ At maturity, the investor will receive back 100% of their  principal, since the stock priceis above the barrier of 70%  ■ At maturity, since the stock’s return is -40% (below the barrier)  the investor will fully participatein the decline of the stock andthus their return in the Note willbe 60% of their principal 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  ENHANCED INCOME: AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON BARRIER NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or all of their principal if there is a decline in the level of the Underlying Asset below the principal barrier level and are not calledto maturity.  ■ The Notes will automatically be called if the level of the Underlying Asset is greater than or equal to its initial level on specified observation dates. If called,investors may be unable to reinvest their proceeds in a product providing them a comparable return.  ■ The return potential of the Notes is limited to the contingent coupons, regardless of the appreciation of the Underlying Asset. There may be no couponpayments on the Notes. Additionally, if the Notes are called prior to maturity, investors will not receive any further coupons or other payments after the callsettlement date.  ■ The payment at maturity for the Notes is determined only by reference to performance of the Underlying Asset. All payments on the Notes will be determinedby reference to the Underlying Asset.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn through a direct investment in the underlying stock or on other investments duringthe same term. The return on the Notes may be less than the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the Underlying Asset or a security directly linked to the Underlying Asset.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the Notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) As of April 30, 2018 (3) A credit rating reflects thecreditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the Notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal at any time by the assigning ratingorganization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the Notes. The Notes themselves will not be independently rated. Eachrating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-115A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Guarded Growth: Barrier Enhanced Return Notes  What are the key features of Barrier Enhanced Return Notes?  ■■ Contingent protection against a market correction of usually  25-50% (Barrier Percentage), depending on the terms of the note  and subject to the credit risk of the issuer1  ■■ Upside outperformance in moderately bullish or bullish return  environments through enhanced participation  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of a broad-based  benchmark equity index (the “underlying index”), such as the  S&P 500® Index, and/or other underlying indexes, sectors andsingle stocks  ■■ Complement or an alternative to traditional equity investments such  as ETFs and mutual funds for their potential for outperformance in  moderately bullish or bullish return environments  ■■ Ability to include other features, such as a “Booster”, absolute return,  or greater enhanced participation (subject to a cap)  Why would an investor purchase Barrier Enhanced Return Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolioto Barrier Notes if they:  ■■ Are concerned about a market decline and want to eliminate  their exposure down to a specified negative performance of the  underlying index  ■■ Want enhanced participation in market gains with the  potential to outperform, depending on the terms of the note  BARRIER ENHANCED RETURN NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  ■■ Are comfortable with full principal at risk should the return  of the underlying index be negative by more than the Barrier  Percentage at the maturity of the note  ■■ Are interested in an investment that may generate long-term  capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes if they  hold the note for more than one year  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer,  Royal Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the notes until their stated maturity  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or all of  their initial investment if the return of the underlying index is  below the Barrier Percentage at maturity  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying index or its constituent stocks  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the notes  can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount from theprincipal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and,  as such, any market-linked return and payments at maturity are  subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of a Barrier Enhanced Return Note linked  to an underlying index and assumes a 30% barrier and 150% participation.  2  1  3  150%  Hypothetical Example  Redemption at Maturity  Participation  Issuer  Royal Bank of Canada  Term 5 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  30% Barrier Percentage  UnderlyingPerformance  Barrier Percentage  30%  Underlying Performance  Upside Participation  150%  Redemption at Maturity  BARRIER ENHANCED RETURN NOTE: RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff  1 Index return is negative but not by more than the Barrier Percentage  -15% 0%  -25% 0%  Barrier Protection  2  Index return is negative by more than the Barrier Percentage(i.e. -30.01% to -100%)  -31% -31%  -51% -51%  1:1 loss from initial level  3 Index return is positive  +20% +30%  +50% +75%  Upside outperformance  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased or reduced by the Note Return  These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and areintended merely to illustrate the impact that various return scenarios could have on an investor's return at maturity, assuming all other variables remainconstant. The actual performance of the note may bear little relation to the examples shown. 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  GUARDED GROWTH: BARRIER ENHANCED RETURN NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or all of their principal if there is a decline in the level of the underlying index.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn on other investments during the same term. The return on the Notes may be lessthan the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the components of the underlying index or a security directly linked to the underlying index or its components.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-129A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Guarded Growth: Buffered Enhanced Return Notes  What are the key features of Buffered Enhanced Return Notes?  ■■ Partial principal protection against a market correction: limits  exposure to a market correction of usually 10-25% (Buffer),  depending on the note and subject to the credit risk of the issuer1  ■■ Upside outperformance in moderately bullish or bullish return  environments through enhanced participation  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of a broad-based  benchmark equity index (the “underlying index”), such as the S&P  500® Index, and/or other underlying indexes, sectors and single stocks  ■■ Complement or an alternative to traditional equity  investments such as ETFs and mutual funds for their potential  for outperformance in moderately bullish or bullish returnenvironments  ■■ Ability to include other features, such as a “Booster”, absolute  return, or greater enhanced participation (subject to a cap)  Why would an investor purchase Buffered Enhanced Return Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolio toBuffered Notes if they:  ■■ Are concerned about a market decline and want to partially limit  their downside exposure  ■■ Want enhanced participation in market gains with the potential  to outperform, depending on the terms of the note  BUFFERED ENHANCED RETURN NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  ■■ Are comfortable with partial principal at risk should the level of  the underlying index be lower than the Buffer at the maturity of the  note  ■■ Are interested in an investment that may generate long-term  capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes if they hold  the note for more than one year  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer, Royal  Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the notes until their stated maturity  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or a  substantial portion of their initial investment if the underlying  index declines by more than the Buffer at the maturity of the note  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying index or its constituent stocks  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the notes  can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount from theprincipal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and,  as such, any market-linked return and payments at maturity are  subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of a Buffered Enhanced Return Notelinked to an underlying index and assumes a 20% Buffer and 150% participation.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer Royal Bank of Canada  Term 5 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  2 1 3  Redemption at Maturity  20% Buffer  150%  Participation  UnderlyingPerformance  Buffer  20%  Underlying Performance  Upside Participation  150%  Redemption at Maturity  BUFFERED ENHANCED RETURN NOTE: RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff  1 Index return is less than the initial level but greater than or equal to  the Buffer  -5% 0%  -20% 0%  Buffered Protection  2 Index return is less than the Buffer  -25% -5% 1:1 loss from  -50% -30% Buffer  3 Index return is greater than the initial level  +20% +30%  +50% +75%  Upside outperformance  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased or reduced by the Note Return  These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and areintended merely to illustrate the impact that various return scenarios could have on an investor's return at maturity, assuming all other variables remainconstant. The actual performance of the note may bear little relation to the examples shown. 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  GUARDED GROWTH: BUFFERED ENHANCED RETURN NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or a substantial portion of their principal if there is a decline in the level of the underlying index.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn on other investments during the same term. The return on the Notes may be lessthan the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the components of the underlying index or a security directly linked to the underlying index or its components.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-127A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Enhanced Income: Autocallable Contingent CouponBarrier Notes (Lesser Performing)  What are the key features of Autocallable ContingentCoupon Barrier Notes (Lesser Performing) (“Notes”)?  ■■ Enhanced income potential relative to traditional income-  generating investments  ■■ Coupon and maturity payments are contingent upon the  performance of multiple underlying assets, typically single  stocks, exchange traded funds (ETFs), or broad-based equityindexes (the “underlying assets”)  ■■ The Notes can be automatically called by the issuer at fixed  intervals, typically quarterly, during the term of the note  ■■ Payment at Maturity is determined by reference only to the  lesser performing underlying asset  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of multiple  individual stocks, exchange traded funds (ETFs), or broad-based  benchmark equity indexes  ■■ Complement or an alternative to high yield fixed income  investments and/or direct ownership in the underlying assets  Why would an investor purchase the Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolioto Notes if they:  ■■ Would like the potential to earn enhanced income, relative  to traditional income generating investments, with exposure to  stocks, ETFs, or equity indexes they otherwise already own and/or are moderately bullish on  ■■ Understand that coupon payments are contingent upon the  performance of least performing of the underlying assets and  that a coupon might not be paid during the term of the noteif any of the underlying assets close below a specified couponbarrier level on the specified observation dates  ■■ Are comfortable with full principal at risk should the level  of the least performing underlying asset be lower than the  principal barrier level at the maturity of the Note  ■■ Are willing to forgo any upside participation in the underlying  assets from their initial levels  ■■ Are comfortable assuming reinvestment risk should the Note  get automatically called before the maturity date  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer,  Royal Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the Notes until their stated  maturity if they are not previously called  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or all of  their initial investment if the return of any of the underlying  assets is below the principal barrier level at maturity and hasnot been previously called. This will be the case even if the otherunderlying assets perform better. The return is not determinedby reference to a basket of underlying assets  ■■ Contingent coupon payments: No coupon will be paid if any  of the underlying assets closes below the coupon barrier level  on the relevant observation dates. Investors may receive nocoupons during the term of the Notes  ■■ Subject to Automatic Call: Notes automatically called if the  level of all of the underlying assets are greater than or equal to  their respective initial levels on specified observation dates. Ifcalled, investors may be unable to reinvest their proceeds in aproduct with a comparable coupon  ■■ Limited Return: The return on the Notes is limited to the  coupon payments, if any. Investors will not participate in any  appreciation of the underlying assets  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying assets  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the  Notes can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount fromthe principal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and,  as such, any market-linked return and payments at maturity are  subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  ENHANCED INCOME: AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON BARRIER NOTES (LESSER PERFORMING)  AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON NOTES LINKED TO THE LESSER PERFORMING OF MULTIPLE UNDERLYING ASSETS -PAYOFF PROFILE DURING TERM OF NOTE AND AT MATURITY  The following illustrates hypothetical scenarios of holding a Note and assumes a 30% principal and coupon barrier.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer  Royal Bank of Canada  Term  2 years  Underlying  Two equity indexes  Coupon Barrier Level  70% of initial value of each index  Principal Barrier Level  70% of initial value of each index  Coupon  8% p.a.; paid only if level of the lesser performing index is at or above Coupon Barrier Level on the specified quarterlyobservation dates  Coupon frequency  Quarterly  Autocall Feature  Starting in month 6, automatically called if the level of both indexes are at or above their initial levels on thespecified quarterly observation dates  Quarterly Coupon  If, on a specified observation date before maturity:  Payment  Called?  Note Payoff*  The lesser performing of the indexes is less than its initial level and greaterthan or equal to the coupon barrier level  2% No N/A  The lesser performing of the indexes is less than the coupon barrier level  0%  No  N/A  Both indexes are greater than or equal to their initial levels 2% Yes  Early redemption; full principal is returned  If the note was never called, then at maturity if:  The lesser performing of the indexes is greater than or equal to the principalbarrier level and the coupon barrier  The lesser performing of the indexes is less than the principal barrier level andcoupon barrier level  2% N/A Full principal is returned  1:1 percentage loss from  0% N/A initial value, based on lesser  performing index  *Payment of principal subject to issuer’s credit risk  POTENTIAL RETURN AND AUTOMATIC CALL SCENARIOS PRIOR TO MATURITY  Index 1 Index 1  120% Index 2 120% Index 2  110% Barrier 110% Barrier  Initial Initial  100% 100%  90% 90%  80% 80%  70% 70%  60% 60%  50% 50%  Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8  Date First Date First  Call Date Call Date  ■ On the relevant observation date, ■ On the relevant observation date,  the investor will receive a coupon the investor will receive a coupon  of 2% for Q1 and 2% for Q2 of 2% for Q1, a coupon of 2% for  since both Indexes are above the Q2, and a coupon of 2% for Q3  barrier of 70% since both indexes are above the  ■ The note will be called from the barrier of 70% on each respective  POTENTIAL RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY IF NEVER CALLED  Index 1 Index 1  120% Index 2 120% Index 2  110% Barrier 110% Barrier  Initial Initial  100% 100%  90% 90%  80% 80%  70% 70%  60% 60%  50% 50%  Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Trade Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8  Date First Date First  Call Date Call Date  ■ On the relevant observation date, ■ No coupons are paid during  the investor will receive a coupon the term of the note since the  of 2% only for Q8 since both closing price of the lesser  indexes are above the barrier performing index was always  of 70% on such date below the barrier of 70% on each  ■ At maturity, the investor will observation date  investor at the Q2 call date at100% of their principal amountbecause both indexes are above100% of their initial value  date  ■ The note will be called from the investor at the Q3 call date at  100% of their principal valuebecause both Indexes are above100% of their initial value  receive back 100% of theirprincipal, as both indexes areabove the barrier of 70%, but  below 100% of their initial value  ■ At maturity, since the return of Index 1 is -40% (below the  barrier) the investor will fullyparticipate in the decline ofthis index, regardless of the  performance of Index 2, and thustheir return in the note will be  60% of their principal 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  ENHANCED INCOME: AUTOCALLABLE CONTINGENT COUPON BARRIER NOTES (LESSER PERFORMING)  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■  5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■  Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■  Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  ■■  One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or all of their principal if there is a decline in the level of any of the underlying assets below the principal barrier level and are notcalled prior to maturity.  ■ The Notes will be automatically called if the level of each underlying asset is greater than or equal to its initial level on specified observation dates. If called,investors may be unable to reinvest their proceeds in a product providing a comparable return.  ■ The return potential of the Notes is limited to the contingent coupons, regardless of the appreciation of any of the underlying assets. There may be no couponpayments on the Notes. Additionally, if the Notes are called prior to maturity, investors will not receive any further coupons or other payments after the callsettlement date.  ■ The payment at maturity for the Notes is determine only by reference to the lesser performing underlying assets, even if he other underlying assets performbetter. All payments on the Notes will be determined by reference to each underlying assets individually, not to a basket.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn through a direct investment in the underlying stock or on other investments duringthe same term. The return on the Notes may be less than the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the underlying assets or a security directly linked to the underlying assets.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-132A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Enhanced Growth: Booster Notes  What are the key features of Booster Notes?  ■■ Potential to outperform equity markets in moderately bullish  return environments, participate fully in bull markets, and  assume similar downside risk to owning equities outright  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of a broad-based  benchmark equity index (the “underlying index”), such as the  S&P 500® Index, and/or other underlying indexes, sectors andsingle stocks  ■■ Complement or an alternative to traditional equity  investments such as ETFs and mutual funds for their potential  for outperformance in moderately bullish return environments  Why would an investor purchase Booster Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolioto Booster Notes if they:  ■■ Are moderately bullish on the underlying index during the  term of the Booster Note and want to potentially outperform it  ■■ Want to fully participate in market gains where the return of the  underlying index is greater than the Booster  ■■ Are comfortable with their full principal at risk should the  level of the underlying index be lower at the maturity of the  Booster Note  BOOSTER NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  ■■ Are interested in an investment that may generate long-term  capital gain or loss for U.S. federal income tax purposes if they  hold the note for more than one year  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer,  Royal Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the Notes until their stated  maturity  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Potential Loss of Principal: Investors will lose some or all of  their initial investment if the return of the underlying index is  negative at maturity  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying index or its constituent stocks  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Booster Notes may have a limited  or no secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the  Notes can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount fromthe principal amount  ■■ Credit Risk: Booster Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the  issuer and, as such, any market-linked return and payments at  maturity are subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ Complex Investments: Booster Notes have some complex  features and may not be suitable for all investors  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of a Booster Note linked to an underlying index and assumes a +45% Booster.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer Royal Bank of Canada  3 1 2  Redemption at Maturity  UnderlyingPerformance  Term 3 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  Booster  Redemption 45%at Maturity  UnderlyingPerformance  Upside  +45% Booster; 100% uncapped participation thereafter  Downside  1:1 (no protection)  BOOSTER NOTE: RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff  1 Index return is greater than or equal to 0% but less than or equal  to the Booster  2 Index return is greater than the Booster  3 Index return is negative  +2% +45%  +43% +45%  +46% +46%  +75% +75%  -20% -20%  -60% -60%  Booster  Index Performance  1-for-1 loss  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased or reduced by the Note Return  These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and areintended merely to illustrate the impact that various return scenarios could have on an investors’ return at maturity, assuming all other variables remainconstant. The actual performance of the note may bear little relation to the examples shown. 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  ENHANCED GROWTH: BOOSTER NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ Investors could lose some or all of their principal if there is a decline in the level of the underlying index.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn on other investments during the same term. The return on the Notes may be lessthan the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the components of the underlying index or a security directly linked to the underlying index or its components.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-130A 

 GLOBAL EQUITY LINKED PRODUCTS  Principal Return Notes  What are the key features of Principal Return Notes?  ■■ Full return of principal in a market correction: investors receive  their full invested principal, subject to the credit of the issuer,  even if the performance of the underlying index is negative at thematurity of the note  ■■ Upside Performance in a rising market environment through partial,  full, or enhanced participation, depending on the terms of the note  ■■ Senior unsecured debt issued by Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ Flexibility to be linked to the performance of a broad-based  benchmark equity index (the “underlying index”), such as the S&P  500® Index, and/or other underlying indexes, sectors and single stocks  ■■ Complement or an alternative to traditional equity investments  such as ETFs and mutual funds for their potential for  outperformance in bearish market environments  Why would an investor purchase Principal Return Notes?  An investor would allocate a portion of their diversified portfolio toPrincipal Return Notes if they:  ■■ Are concerned about a market decline and want to eliminate their  downside market exposure  PRINCIPAL RETURN NOTES - PAYOFF PROFILE AT MATURITY  ■■ Want participation in market gains with the potential in some  cases to match or exceed the performance of the underlying index  (excluding dividends), depending on the terms of the note  ■■ Are comfortable with assuming the credit risk of the issuer, Royal  Bank of Canada  ■■ Are comfortable with holding the notes until their stated maturity  Selected Risk Factors  ■■ Credit Risk: Notes are senior, unsecured debt of the issuer and, as  such, any return of principal, market-linked return and payments  at maturity are subject to issuer’s credit risk  ■■ No Dividends: Investors do not receive dividends paid by the  underlying index or its constituent stocks  ■■ Limited Secondary Markets: Notes may have a limited or no  secondary market. Prior to maturity, the price at which the notes  can be sold, if at all, may be at a substantial discount from theprincipal amount  ■■ Complex Investments: Notes have some complex features and  may not be suitable for all investors  The following illustrates the hypothetical payouts of a Principal Return Notelinked to an underlying index and assumes 100% participation.  Hypothetical Example  Issuer Royal Bank of Canada  Term 5 Years  Underlying Benchmark Equity Index  Principal Return at Maturity 100%, subject to the credit risk of the issuer  Upside Participation 100% uncapped  1 2  Redemption at Maturity 100%  Participation  UnderlyingPerformance  Underlying PerformanceRedemption at Maturity  PRINCIPAL RETURN NOTES: RETURN SCENARIOS AT MATURITY  Scenarios  Index Return  Note Return*  Note Payoff†  1 Index return is flat or negative  2 Index return is positive  -10% 0%  -40% 0%  +20% +20%  +50% +50%  Full return of Principal  Full upside participation  *Note redemption at maturity equals invested principal increased by the Note Return † Payment of principal subject to issuer’s credit risk  These examples are provided for illustrative purposes only. They should not be taken as an indication or prediction of future investment results and areintended merely to illustrate the impact that various return scenarios could have on an investor's return at maturity, assuming all other variables remainconstant. The actual performance of the note may bear little relation to the examples shown. 

 RBC CAPITAL MARKETS  About Royal Bank of Canada (RBC)  ■■ 5th largest bank in N. America, by market capitalization1  ■■ Well-diversified, global financial institution with over 80,000  employees in 40+ countries servicing over 16 million clients  Selected Risk Factors  PRINCIPAL RETURN NOTES  ■■ Approximately US$954billion in total assets2  ■■ One of the highest rated banks globally (S&P AA- / Moody’s Aa2)3  An investment in the Notes involves significant risks that will be explained in the applicable offering documents. Before investing in a Note investors shouldcarefully read the offering documents to understand the potential risks. Some general risk considerations for Notes include, but are not limited to the following:  ■ The Notes are unsecured debt obligations of RBC. Investors are dependent on the ability of RBC to pay all amounts due on the Notes, and therefore they aresubject to RBC’s credit risk and to changes in the market’s view of the creditworthiness of RBC.  ■ If the level of the underlying index at maturity is less than the initial level, investors will not receive any positive return on the Notes.  ■ Notes are typically sold at par and include fees and costs such as commissions, hedging costs and projected profits of RBC or its affiliates. Therefore, theestimated initial value (EIV) of a Note on the issue date will be less than the issue price that an investor pays for the Note. Any EIV of a Note does not representRBC’s estimate of the future value of the Note, or any price for which an investor may be able to sell it.  ■ The Notes will not be listed on any securities exchange. RBC and its affiliates are not obligated to maintain a secondary market and may cease market-makingactivities at any time. Any secondary market may not provide significant liquidity or trade at prices advantageous to the investor.  ■ The return on the Notes may be lower than the return investors could earn on other investments during the same term. The return on the Notes may be lessthan the return investors could earn if it bought a conventional debt security of RBC.  ■ Investing in the Notes is not the same as owning the components of the underlying index or a security directly linked to the underlying index or its components.For example, investors will not receive the benefit of any dividends. In some cases the upside participation rate may be less than 100%. In such a case, if thefinal level of the underlying index exceeds the initial level, the amount investors receive at maturity will be less than the amount they would otherwise receive  if they invested in a security directly linked to the underlying asset.  ■ The activities of RBC or its affiliates may conflict with investor’s interests and may adversely affect the value of the Notes. Also an affiliate of RBC will serve asthe calculation agent for the Notes who will exercise its judgment when performing its functions. Since the decisions the calculation agent makes will affectthe payments on the notes, the calculation agent may have a conflict of interest with respect to such decisions.  ■ Many economic and market factors will influence the value of the Notes.  ■ Significant aspects of the tax treatment of Notes may be complex and uncertain. Investors should consult with their tax advisor before investing in any Notesto determine the effects of their individual circumstances.  ■ The Notes have complex features and may not be suitable for all investors.  rbccm.com  (1) US$110 billion, as of April 30, 2018, per International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) (2) Latest three months ended April 30, 2018 unless otherwisenoted. Excludes Corporate Support. These are non-GAAP measures. For additional information, refer to the Royal Bank of Canada Q2 2018 Investor Presentation  (3) A credit rating reflects the creditworthiness of RBC is not a recommendation to buy, sell or hold the notes, and may be subject to revision or withdrawal atany time by the assigning rating organization. The ratings do not provide an indication of the expected performance of the notes. The notes themselves will notbe independently rated. Each rating should be evaluated independently of any other rating.  The information contained herein has been compiled from sources believed to be reliable by RBC Capital Markets or any of its businesses. Neither RBC CapitalMarkets nor any of its businesses or representatives has undertaken any independent review or due diligence of such sources. RBC Capital Markets is aregistered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada. RBC Capital Markets is the global brand name for the capital markets business of Royal Bank of Canada and itsaffiliates, including RBC Capital Markets, LLC (member FINRA, NYSE, and SIPC); RBC Dominion Securities, Inc. (member IIROC and CIPF), RBC Europe Limited(authorised by the Prudential Regulation Authority and regulated by the Financial Conduct Authority and Prudential Regulation Authority), Royal Bank of Canada  - Sydney Branch (ABN 86 076 940 880) and RBC Capital Markets (Hong Kong) Limited (regulated by SFC). ® Registered trademark of Royal Bank of Canada.Used under license. © Copyright 2016. All rights reserved.  This document is for informational purposes only and is not intended to set forth a final expression of the terms and conditions of any offering. Royal Bankof Canada has filed a registration statement (including a product prospectus supplement, a prospectus supplement, and a prospectus) with the SEC for anyoffering to which this document relates. Before you invest, you should read those documents and the other documents relating to the offering that we havefiled with the SEC for more complete information about us and the offering. You may obtain these documents without cost by visiting EDGAR on the SEC Websiteat www.sec.gov. Alternatively, Royal Bank of Canada, any agent or any dealer participating in the offering will arrange to send you the product prospectussupplement, the prospectus supplement and the prospectus if you so request by calling toll-free at 1-877-688-2301.  08/18  18-128A