Document


 
UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
___________________________________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q
 
ý      QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2017
 
OR

 o       TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 
For the transition period from _____ to _____

Commission File No. 001-35517
arescommercialrealestatecorp.jpg
 ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter) 
Maryland
 
45-3148087
(State or other jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization)
 
Identification Number)
 
245 Park Avenue, 42nd Floor, New York, NY 10167
(Address of principal executive offices) (Zip Code)
 
(212) 750-7300
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
N/A
(Former name, former address and former fiscal year, if changed since last report)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days:   Yes ý  No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).   Yes ý  No o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” “smaller reporting company,” and “emerging growth company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one): 
Large accelerated filer o
 
Accelerated filer x
Non-accelerated filer o
 
Smaller reporting company o
(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
 
Emerging growth company x

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act. ý

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act). Yes o  No ý
 
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock, as of the latest practicable date.
Class
 
Outstanding at October 31, 2017
Common stock, $0.01 par value
 
28,589,968
 




ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION

INDEX

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 






PART I — FINANCIAL INFORMATION

Item 1. Consolidated Financial Statements
 
ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 
As of
 
September 30, 2017

December 31, 2016
 
(unaudited)
 

ASSETS
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents ($8 related to consolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2016)
$
28,245

 
$
47,270

Restricted cash
379

 
375

Loans held for investment ($341,158 and $21,514 related to consolidated VIEs, respectively)
1,543,261

 
1,313,937

Other assets ($873 and $203 of interest receivable related to consolidated VIEs, respectively)
15,583

 
12,121

Total assets
$
1,587,468

 
$
1,373,703

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
LIABILITIES
 
 
 
Secured funding agreements
$
730,228

 
$
780,713

Secured term loan
151,761

 
149,878

Collateralized loan obligation securitization debt (consolidated VIE)
270,961

 

Due to affiliate
2,567

 
2,699

Dividends payable
7,717

 
7,406

Other liabilities ($374 of interest payable related to consolidated VIEs as of September 30, 2017)
3,734

 
3,334

Total liabilities
1,166,968

 
944,030

Commitments and contingencies (Note 5)


 


EQUITY
 
 
 
Common stock, par value $0.01 per share, 450,000,000 shares authorized at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, and 28,582,690 and 28,482,756 shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively
283

 
283

Additional paid-in capital
420,428

 
420,056

Accumulated deficit
(211
)
 
(1,310
)
Total stockholders' equity
420,500

 
419,029

Non-controlling interests in consolidated VIEs

 
10,644

Total equity
420,500

 
429,673

Total liabilities and equity
$
1,587,468

 
$
1,373,703


   See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

2




ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)

 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016

(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
Net interest margin:

 

 

 

Interest income from loans held for investment
$
28,551

 
$
20,776

 
$
72,321

 
$
58,455

Interest expense
(13,825
)
 
(9,018
)
 
(36,845
)
 
(25,958
)
Net interest margin
14,726

 
11,758

 
35,476

 
32,497

Expenses:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management and incentive fees to affiliate
1,554

 
1,690

 
5,020

 
4,380

Professional fees
350

 
678

 
1,169

 
1,703

General and administrative expenses
724

 
690

 
2,006

 
2,099

General and administrative expenses reimbursed to affiliate
986

 
860

 
2,883

 
2,417

Total expenses
3,614

 
3,918

 
11,078

 
10,599

Income from continuing operations before income taxes
11,112

 
7,840

 
24,398

 
21,898

Income tax expense, including excise tax
54

 
161

 
149

 
168

Net income from continuing operations
11,058

 
7,679

 
24,249

 
21,730

Net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes

 
1,866

 

 
4,221

Gain on sale of discontinued operations

 
10,196

 

 
10,196

Net income attributable to ACRE
11,058

 
19,741

 
24,249

 
36,147

Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests

 
(1,299
)
 
(25
)
 
(3,876
)
Net income attributable to common stockholders
$
11,058

 
$
18,442

 
$
24,224

 
$
32,271

Basic earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.39

 
$
0.22

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.63

Discontinued operations

 
0.42

 

 
0.51

Net income
$
0.39

 
$
0.65

 
$
0.85

 
$
1.13

Diluted earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.39

 
$
0.22

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.63

Discontinued operations

 
0.42

 

 
0.51

Net income
$
0.39

 
$
0.65

 
$
0.85

 
$
1.13

Weighted average number of common shares outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
28,481,298

 
28,428,766

 
28,475,369

 
28,462,143

Diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding
28,582,690

 
28,513,137

 
28,537,723

 
28,536,921

Dividends declared per share of common stock
$
0.27

 
$
0.26

 
$
0.81

 
$
0.78


   See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

3




ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF EQUITY
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
(unaudited)

 
Common Stock
 
Additional
Paid-in
Capital
 
Accumulated
Deficit
 
Total Stockholders’ Equity
 
Non-Controlling
Interests
 
Total
Equity
 
Shares
 
Amount
Balance at December 31, 2016
28,482,756

 
$
283

 
$
420,056

 
$
(1,310
)
 
$
419,029

 
$
10,644

 
$
429,673

Stock‑based compensation
99,934

 

 
372

 

 
372

 

 
372

Net income

 

 

 
24,224

 
24,224

 
25

 
24,249

Dividends declared

 

 

 
(23,125
)
 
(23,125
)
 

 
(23,125
)
Contributions from non-controlling interests

 

 

 

 

 
12

 
12

Distributions to non-controlling interests

 

 

 

 

 
(10,681
)
 
(10,681
)
Balance at September 30, 2017
28,582,690

 
$
283

 
$
420,428


$
(211
)

$
420,500


$


$
420,500

   
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.


4




ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)

 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(unaudited)
 
(unaudited)
Operating activities:
 
 
 
Net income
$
24,249

 
$
36,147

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities (inclusive of amounts related to discontinued operations):
 
 
 
Amortization of deferred financing costs
5,596

 
4,782

Change in mortgage banking activities

 
(10,386
)
Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights

 
6,457

Accretion of deferred loan origination fees and costs
(4,893
)
 
(3,717
)
Provision for loss sharing

 
(146
)
Cash paid to settle loss sharing obligations

 
(681
)
Originations of mortgage loans held for sale

 
(639,413
)
Sale of mortgage loans held for sale to third parties

 
571,714

Stock-based compensation
372

 
202

Gain on sale of discontinued operations

 
(10,196
)
Depreciation expense

 
167

Deferred tax expense

 
2,049

Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Restricted cash
(4
)
 
1,411

Other assets
(1,988
)
 
39,706

Due to affiliate
(132
)
 
284

Other liabilities
692

 
1,805

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
23,892

 
185

Investing activities:
 
 
 
Issuance of and fundings on loans held for investment
(504,554
)
 
(782,364
)
Principal repayment of loans held for investment
273,985

 
444,272

Receipt of origination fees
6,138

 
6,009

Proceeds from sale of discontinued operations, net of cash sold

 
89,981

Purchases of other assets

 
(354
)
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(224,431
)
 
(242,456
)
Financing activities:
 
 
 
Proceeds from secured funding agreements
533,880

 
1,288,698

Repayments of secured funding agreements
(584,365
)
 
(932,371
)
Payment of secured funding costs
(7,445
)
 
(4,221
)
Proceeds from issuance of debt of consolidated VIEs
272,927

 

Repayments of debt of consolidated VIEs

 
(197,445
)
Proceeds from warehouse lines of credit

 
863,382

Repayments of warehouse lines of credit

 
(795,684
)
Proceeds from secured term loan

 
80,000

Repurchase of common stock

 
(1,436
)
Dividends paid
(22,814
)
 
(21,994
)
Contributions from non-controlling interests
12

 
11

Distributions to non-controlling interests
(10,681
)
 
(3,896
)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
181,514

 
275,044

Change in cash and cash equivalents
(19,025
)
 
32,773

Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations, beginning of period
47,270

 
5,066

Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations, beginning of period

 
3,929

Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
28,245

 
$
41,768

Cash and cash equivalents of continuing operations, end of period
$
28,245

 
$
41,768

Cash and cash equivalents of discontinued operations, end of period
$

 
$

   
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

5




ARES COMMERCIAL REAL ESTATE CORPORATION AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
As of September 30, 2017
(in thousands, except share and per share data, percentages and as otherwise indicated)
(unaudited)

1.     ORGANIZATION

Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation (together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company” or “ACRE”) is a specialty finance company primarily engaged in originating and investing in commercial real estate loans and related investments. Through Ares Commercial Real Estate Management LLC (“ACREM” or the Company’s “Manager”), a Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) registered investment adviser and a subsidiary of Ares Management, L.P. (NYSE: ARES) (“Ares Management”), a publicly traded, leading global alternative asset manager, it has investment professionals strategically located across the United States and Europe who directly source new loan opportunities for the Company with owners, operators and sponsors of commercial real estate (“CRE”) properties. The Company was formed and commenced operations in late 2011. The Company is a Maryland corporation and completed its initial public offering (the “IPO”) in May 2012. The Company is externally managed by its Manager, pursuant to the terms of a management agreement (the “Management Agreement”).
 
The Company is primarily focused on directly originating and managing a diversified portfolio of CRE debt-related investments for the Company’s own account. The Company’s target investments include senior mortgage loans, subordinated debt, preferred equity, mezzanine loans and other CRE investments, including commercial mortgage backed securities. These investments are generally held for investment and are secured, directly or indirectly, by office, multifamily, retail, industrial, lodging, senior-living, self-storage and other commercial real estate properties, or by ownership interests therein.

On June 28, 2016, the Company entered into a Purchase and Sale Agreement (as amended, the “Agreement”) with Barings Real Estate Advisers LLC (formerly known as Cornerstone Real Estate Advisers LLC), a Delaware limited liability company (the “Buyer”), to sell ACRE Capital Holdings LLC (“TRS Holdings”), the holding company that owned the Company’s mortgage banking subsidiary, ACRE Capital LLC (“ACRE Capital”). Under the terms and subject to the conditions set forth in the Agreement, on September 30, 2016, the Buyer purchased from the Company all of the outstanding common units of TRS Holdings (the “ACRE Capital Sale”). ACRE Capital primarily originated, sold and serviced multifamily and senior-living related loans under programs offered by government-sponsored enterprises and by government agencies. Under the terms of the Agreement, the Buyer paid approximately $93 million in cash as consideration for the ACRE Capital Sale.

The Company has elected and qualified to be taxed as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the “Code”), commencing with its taxable year ended December 31, 2012. The Company generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on its REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, to the extent that it annually distributes all of its REIT taxable income to stockholders and complies with various other requirements as a REIT.

2.   SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES

The accompanying unaudited consolidated interim financial statements should be read in conjunction with the audited consolidated financial statements and the related management's discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations included in the Company's Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 filed with the SEC.

Refer to the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for a description of the Company’s recurring accounting policies. The Company has included disclosure below regarding basis of presentation and other accounting policies that (i) are required to be disclosed quarterly or (ii) the Company views as critical as of the date of this report.

Basis of Presentation

The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the accrual basis of accounting in conformity with United States generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) and include the accounts of the Company, the consolidated variable interest entities (“VIEs”) that the Company controls and of which the Company is the primary beneficiary, and the Company’s wholly owned subsidiaries. The consolidated financial statements reflect all adjustments and reclassifications that, in the opinion of management, are necessary for the fair presentation of the Company’s results of

6




operations and financial condition as of and for the periods presented. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.

Interim financial statements are prepared in accordance with GAAP and pursuant to the requirements for reporting on Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. The current period’s results of operations will not necessarily be indicative of results that ultimately may be achieved for the year ending December 31, 2017.

Discontinued Operations

As discussed in Note 1 included in these consolidated financial statements, the Company completed the ACRE Capital Sale on September 30, 2016. Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (“ASC”) Topic 205-20, Presentation of Financial Statements - Discontinued Operations, defines the criteria required for a disposal transaction to qualify for reporting as a discontinued operation. The Company determined that the ACRE Capital Sale met the criteria for discontinued operations. As a result, the operating results of ACRE Capital, which formerly comprised the Mortgage Banking segment, are presented separately in the Company’s consolidated financial statements as discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. The operating results of discontinued operations are included in the line item “Net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes” in the consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016. Summarized financial information for the discontinued Mortgage Banking segment is shown in Note 13 included in these consolidated financial statements.
    
Variable Interest Entities

The Company evaluates all of its interests in VIEs for consolidation. When the Company’s interests are determined to be variable interests, the Company assesses whether it is deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The primary beneficiary of a VIE is required to consolidate the VIE. FASB ASC Topic 810, Consolidation, defines the primary beneficiary as the party that has both (i) the power to direct the activities of the VIE that most significantly impact its economic performance, and (ii) the obligation to absorb losses and the right to receive benefits from the VIE which could be potentially significant. The Company considers its variable interests, as well as any variable interests of its related parties in making this determination. Where both of these factors are present, the Company is deemed to be the primary beneficiary and it consolidates the VIE. Where either one of these factors is not present, the Company is not the primary beneficiary and it does not consolidate the VIE.
 
To assess whether the Company has the power to direct the activities of a VIE that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance, the Company considers all facts and circumstances, including its role in establishing the VIE and its ongoing rights and responsibilities. This assessment includes first, identifying the activities that most significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance; and second, identifying which party, if any, has power over those activities. In general, the parties that make the most significant decisions affecting the VIE or have the right to unilaterally remove those decision makers are deemed to have the power to direct the activities of a VIE.

To assess whether the Company has the obligation to absorb losses of the VIE or the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant to the VIE, the Company considers all of its economic interests, including debt and equity investments, servicing fees, and other arrangements deemed to be variable interests in the VIE. This assessment requires that the Company applies judgment in determining whether these interests, in the aggregate, are considered potentially significant to the VIE. Factors considered in assessing significance include: the design of the VIE, including its capitalization structure; subordination of interests; payment priority; relative share of interests held across various classes within the VIE’s capital structure; and the reasons why the interests are held by the Company.
 
For VIEs of which the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary, all of the underlying assets, liabilities, equity, revenue and expenses of the structures are consolidated into the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The Company performs an ongoing reassessment of: (1) whether any entities previously evaluated under the majority voting interest framework have become VIEs, based on certain events, and therefore are subject to the VIE consolidation framework, and (2) whether changes in the facts and circumstances regarding its involvement with a VIE cause the Company’s consolidation conclusion regarding the VIE to change. See Note 12 included in these consolidated financial statements for further discussion of the Company’s VIEs.





7




Loans Held for Investment

The Company originates CRE debt and related instruments generally to be held for investment. Loans that are held for investment are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees and origination costs, unless the loans are deemed impaired. Impairment occurs when it is deemed probable that the Company will not be able to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of the loan. If a loan is considered to be impaired, the Company will record an allowance to reduce the carrying value of the loan to the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s contractual effective rate.

Each loan classified as held for investment is evaluated for impairment on a quarterly basis. Loans are collateralized by real estate. The extent of any credit deterioration associated with the performance and/or value of the underlying collateral property and the financial and operating capability of the borrower could impact the expected amounts received. The Company monitors performance of its investment portfolio under the following methodology: (1) borrower review, which analyzes the borrower’s ability to execute on its original business plan, reviews its financial condition, assesses pending litigation and considers its general level of responsiveness and cooperation; (2) economic review, which considers underlying collateral (i.e. leasing performance, unit sales and cash flow of the collateral and its ability to cover debt service, as well as the residual loan balance at maturity); (3) property review, which considers current environmental risks, changes in insurance costs or coverage, current site visibility, capital expenditures and market perception; and (4) market review, which analyzes the collateral from a supply and demand perspective of similar property types, as well as from a capital markets perspective. Such impairment analyses are completed and reviewed by asset management and finance personnel who utilize various data sources, including periodic financial data such as property occupancy, tenant profile, rental rates, operating expenses, and the borrower’s exit plan, among other factors.

In addition, the Company evaluates the entire portfolio to determine whether the portfolio has any impairment that requires a valuation allowance on the remainder of the loan portfolio. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company did not recognize any impairment charges with respect to its loans held for investment.

Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when principal or interest payments are past due 30 days or more or when there is reasonable doubt that principal or interest will be collected in full. Accrued and unpaid interest is generally reversed against interest income in the period the loan is placed on non-accrual status. Interest payments received on non-accrual loans may be recognized as income or applied to principal depending upon management’s judgment regarding the borrower’s ability to make pending principal and interest payments. Non-accrual loans are restored to accrual status when past due principal and interest are paid and, in management’s judgment, are likely to remain current. The Company may make exceptions to placing a loan on non-accrual status if the loan has sufficient collateral value and is in the process of collection.

Preferred equity investments, which are subordinate to any loans but senior to common equity, are accounted for as loans held for investment and are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees and origination costs, unless the loans are deemed impaired, and are included within loans held for investment in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The Company accretes or amortizes any discounts or premiums over the life of the related loan held for investment utilizing the effective interest method.

Debt Issuance Costs

Debt issuance costs under the Company’s indebtedness are capitalized and amortized over the terms of the respective debt instrument. Debt issuance costs related to debt securitizations are capitalized and amortized over the term of the underlying loans using the effective interest method. When an underlying loan is prepaid in a debt securitization and the outstanding principal balance of the securitization debt is reduced, the related unamortized debt issuance costs are charged to expense based on a pro‑rata share of the debt issuance costs being allocated to the specific loans that were prepaid. Amortization of debt issuance costs is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations while the unamortized balance on (i) Secured Funding Agreements (each individually defined in Note 4 included in these consolidated financial statements) is included within other assets and both (ii) the Secured Term Loan (defined in Note 4 included in these consolidated financial statements) and (iii) debt securitizations are included as a reduction to the carrying amount of the liability, in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

The original issue discount (“OID”) on amounts drawn under the Company’s Secured Term Loan represents a discount to the face amount of the drawn debt obligations. The OID is amortized over the term of the Secured Term Loan using the effective interest method and is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations while the unamortized balance is a reduction to the carrying amount of the Secured Term Loan in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.


8




Revenue Recognition

Interest income from loans held for investment is accrued based on the outstanding principal amount and the contractual terms of each loan. For loans held for investment, origination fees, contractual exit fees and direct loan origination costs are also recognized in interest income from loans held for investment over the initial loan term as a yield adjustment using the effective interest method.

A reconciliation of the Company's interest income from loans held for investment, excluding non-controlling interests, to the Company's interest income from loans held for investment as included within its consolidated statements of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 is as follows ($ in thousands):

 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
Interest income from loans held for investment, excluding non-controlling interests
$
28,551

 
$
19,473

 
$
72,286

 
$
54,573

Interest income from non-controlling interest investment held by third parties

 
1,303

 
35

 
3,882

Interest income from loans held for investment
$
28,551

 
$
20,776

 
$
72,321

 
$
58,455

 
Net Interest Margin and Interest Expense
Net interest margin in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations serves to measure the performance of the Company's loans held for investment as compared to its use of debt leverage. The Company includes interest income from its loans held for investment and interest expense related to its Secured Funding Agreements, securitizations debt and the Secured Term Loan (individually defined in Note 4 included in these consolidated financial statements) in net interest margin. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, interest expense is comprised of the following ($ in thousands):
 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017

2016
Secured funding agreements and securitizations debt
$
10,312

 
$
6,914

 
$
26,635

 
$
20,339

Secured term loan
3,513

 
2,104

 
10,210

 
5,619

Interest expense
$
13,825

 
$
9,018

 
$
36,845

 
$
25,958

Comprehensive Income
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016, comprehensive income equaled net income; therefore, a separate consolidated statement of comprehensive income is not included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In May 2014, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2014-09, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606). The guidance in this ASU supersedes the revenue recognition requirements in Revenue Recognition (Topic 605). Under the new guidance, an entity should recognize revenue to depict the transfer of promised goods or services to customers in an amount that reflects the consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for those goods or services. The amendments in ASU No. 2014-09 are effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period. In March 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-08, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Principal Versus Agent Considerations, which clarifies the guidance in ASU No. 2014-09 and has the same effective date as the original standard. In April 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-10, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Identifying Performance Obligations and Licensing, an update on identifying performance obligations and accounting for licenses of intellectual property. In May 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-12, Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606): Narrow-Scope Improvements and Practical Expedients, which includes amendments for enhanced clarification of the guidance. In December 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-20, Technical Corrections and Improvements to Revenue from Contracts with Customers (Topic 606), the amendments in this update are of a similar nature to the items typically addressed in the technical corrections and improvements project. Additionally, in February

9




2017, the FASB issued ASU No. 2017-05, Other Income - Gains and Losses from the Derecognition of Nonfinancial Assets (subtopic 610-20): Clarifying the Scope of Asset Derecognition Guidance and Accounting for Partial Sales of Nonfinancial Assets, an update on clarifying that a financial asset is within the scope of Subtopic 610-20 if it is deemed an “in-substance non-financial asset.” The application of this guidance is not expected to have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated financial statements, primarily because the majority of the Company’s revenue is accounted for under FASB ASC Topic 310, Receivables, which is scoped out of this standard.

In June 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-13, Financial Instruments - Credit Losses (Topic 326): Measurement of Credit Losses on Financial Instruments. The standard will replace the incurred loss impairment methodology pursuant to GAAP with a methodology that reflects expected credit losses and requires consideration of a broader range of reasonable and supportable information to inform credit loss estimates. ASU No. 2016-13 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2019, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted after December 15, 2018, including interim periods within that reporting period. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In August 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-15, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Classification of Certain Cash Receipts and Cash Payments, which intends to reduce diversity in practice in how certain transactions are classified in the statement of cash flows. ASU No. 2016-15 provides guidance on eight specific cash flow issues and clarifies that in the absence of specific guidance, an entity should classify each separately identifiable cash source and use on the basis of the nature of the underlying cash flows. For cash flows with aspects of more than one class that cannot be separated, the classification should be based on the activity that is likely to be the predominant source or use of cash flow. ASU No. 2016-15 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The Company is currently evaluating the impact of adopting this ASU on its consolidated financial statements.

In November 2016, the FASB issued ASU No. 2016-18, Statement of Cash Flows (Topic 230): Restricted Cash (A Consensus of the FASB Emerging Issues Task Force). The amendments in this update require that a statement of cash flows explain the change during the period in the total of cash, cash equivalents, and amounts generally described as restricted cash or restricted cash equivalents. Therefore, amounts generally described as restricted cash and restricted cash equivalents should be included with cash and cash equivalents when reconciling the beginning-of-period and end-of-period total amounts shown on the statement of cash flows. ASU No. 2016-18 is effective for annual reporting periods beginning after December 15, 2017, including interim periods within that reporting period, with early adoption permitted. The adoption of this ASU will impact the presentation of the statement of cash flows, as well as require additional footnote disclosure to reconcile the balance sheet to the revised cash flow statement presentation.

3.   LOANS HELD FOR INVESTMENT

As of September 30, 2017, the Company’s portfolio totaled 36 loans held for investment, excluding 55 loans that were repaid or sold since inception. The aggregate originated commitment under these loans at closing was approximately $1.7 billion and outstanding principal was $1.6 billion as of September 30, 2017. During the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company funded approximately $504.6 million of outstanding principal and received repayments of $263.4 million of outstanding principal, excluding non-controlling interests held by third parties, as described in more detail in the tables below. Such investments are referred to herein as the Company’s “investment portfolio.” As of September 30, 2017, 89.3% of the Company’s loans have London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) floors, with a weighted average floor of 0.61%, calculated based on loans with LIBOR floors. References to LIBOR or “L” are to 30-day LIBOR (unless otherwise specifically stated).
 
The Company’s investments in loans held for investment are accounted for at amortized cost. The following tables summarize the Company’s loans held for investment as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 ($ in thousands):

10




 
As of September 30, 2017

Carrying Amount (1)

Outstanding Principal (1)

Weighted Average Minimum Loan Borrowing Spread (2)

Weighted Average Unleveraged Effective Yield (3)

Weighted Average Remaining Life (Years)
Senior mortgage loans
$
1,483,786


$
1,492,488


4.8
%

6.0
%

1.7
Subordinated debt and preferred equity investments
59,475


60,276


10.3
%

11.4
%

3.2
Total loans held for investment portfolio
$
1,543,261

 
$
1,552,764


5.0
%

6.2
%

1.8

 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Carrying Amount (1)
 
Outstanding Principal (1)
 
Weighted Average Minimum Loan Borrowing Spread (2)
 
Weighted Average Unleveraged Effective Yield (3)
 
Weighted Average Remaining Life (Years)
Senior mortgage loans
$
1,181,569

 
$
1,188,425

 
4.7
%
 
5.7
%
 
1.8
Subordinated debt and preferred equity investments
121,828

 
123,230

 
10.7
%
 
11.5
%
 
4.1
Total loans held for investment portfolio (excluding non-controlling interests held by third parties) (4)
$
1,303,397

 
$
1,311,655

 
5.2
%
 
6.3
%
 
2.0
_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
The difference between the Carrying Amount and the Outstanding Principal amount of the loans held for investment consists of unamortized purchase discount, deferred loan fees and loan origination costs.
(2)
Minimum Loan Borrowing Spread is equal to (a) for floating rate loans, the margin above the applicable index rate (e.g., LIBOR) plus floors, if any, on such applicable index rates, and (b) for fixed rate loans, the applicable interest rate.
(3)
Unleveraged Effective Yield is the compounded effective rate of return that would be earned over the life of the investment based on the contractual interest rate (adjusted for any deferred loan fees, costs, premium or discount) and assumes no dispositions, early prepayments or defaults. The Total Weighted Average Unleveraged Effective Yield is calculated based on the average of Unleveraged Effective Yield of all loans held by the Company as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 as weighted by the Outstanding Principal balance of each loan.
(4)
The table above as of December 31, 2016 excludes non-controlling interests held by third parties. A reconciliation of the Carrying Amount of loans held for investment portfolio, excluding non-controlling interests held by third parties, to the Carrying Amount of loans held for investment, as included in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets, is presented below.

A reconciliation of the Company’s loans held for investment portfolio, excluding non-controlling interests held by third parties, to the Company’s loans held for investment as included in its consolidated balance sheets is as follows ($ in thousands):
 
As of December 31, 2016
 
Carrying Amount
 
Outstanding Principal
Total loans held for investment portfolio (excluding non-controlling interests held by third parties)
$
1,303,397

 
$
1,311,655

Non-controlling interest investment held by third parties
10,540

 
10,540

Loans held for investment
$
1,313,937

 
$
1,322,195


As of September 30, 2017, there were no non-controlling interests held by third parties.

A more detailed listing of the Company’s investment portfolio based on information available as of September 30, 2017 is as follows ($ in millions, except percentages):


11




Loan Type
 
Location
 
Outstanding Principal (1)
 
Carrying Amount (1)
 
Interest Rate
 
Unleveraged Effective Yield (2)
 
Maturity Date (3)
 
Payment Terms (4)
 
Senior Mortgage Loans:

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Various
 (5)
Diversified

$159.2
 
$158.5
 
L+4.35%

6.2%
 
 Oct 2018
(5)
I/O

Office

TX

96.0
 
95.0
 
L+3.60%

5.3%
 
July 2020

I/O

Multifamily

FL

89.7
 
89.4
 
L+4.75%

6.5%
 
 Sep 2019

I/O

Various
 (6)
Diversified

82.3
 
81.9
 
L+4.75%

6.6%
 
 Oct 2018
(6)
I/O

Retail

 IL

75.9
 
75.9
 
L+4.00%

5.7%
 
Nov 2017
(7)
I/O

Mixed-use

NY

65.6
 
65.3
 
L+4.16%

5.8%
 
Apr 2019

I/O

Office

TX

63.9
 
63.5
 
L+4.30%

6.4%
 
 Dec 2018

I/O

Office

CA

57.7
 
57.3
 
L+4.40%

6.2%
 
 Aug 2019

I/O

Office

IL

55.9
 
55.4
 
L+3.99%

5.7%
 
 Aug 2019

I/O

Multifamily

FL

53.8
 
53.3
 
L+3.65%

5.3%
 
 Mar 2021

I/O

Office

CO

53.4
 
52.8
 
L+4.15%

5.8%
 
June 2021

I/O

Office

NJ

48.4
 
47.9
 
L+4.65%

6.5%
 
July 2020

I/O

Multifamily

FL

45.4
 
45.2
 
L+4.75%

6.5%
 
 Sep 2019

I/O

Student Housing

CA

41.8
 
41.4
 
L+3.95%

5.7%
 
July 2020

I/O

Student Housing

NC

38.4

38.0

L+4.75%

7.0%

Feb 2019

I/O

Hotel

NY

37.3
 
37.2
 
L+4.75%

6.4%
 
 June 2018

I/O

Hotel

MI

35.2
 
35.2
 
L+4.15%

5.4%
 
 July 2018
(8)
I/O

Multifamily

MN

34.1
 
33.9
 
L+4.75%

6.5%
 
 Oct 2019

I/O

Industrial

OH

32.3
 
32.3
 
L+4.20%

5.7%
 
May 2018

P/I
(9)
Office

OR

31.5
 
31.4
 
L+3.75%

5.4%
 
Oct 2018

I/O

Multifamily

NY

31.4
 
31.2
 
L+4.55%

6.3%
 
Feb 2019

I/O

Multifamily

NY

29.4
 
29.3
 
L+3.75%

5.4%
 
Oct 2018
(10)
I/O
(9)
Multifamily

TX

27.5

27.3

L+3.20%

4.9%

Oct 2020

I/O

Multifamily

TX

26.3
 
26.2
 
L+3.80%

5.2%
 
Jan 2019

I/O

Multifamily

CA

25.1
 
24.9
 
L+3.85%

5.6%
 
July 2020

I/O

Student Housing

AL

24.1
 
23.9
 
L+4.45%

6.2%
 
 Feb 2020

I/O

Multifamily

FL

21.9
 
21.8
 
L+4.25%

6.2%
 
 Feb 2019

I/O

Multifamily

CA

21.6
 
21.5
 
L+3.90%

5.5%
 
 Mar 2021

I/O

Office

CO

19.6
 
19.6
 
L+3.95%

5.6%
 
Dec 2017

I/O

Office

PA

19.6
 
19.5
 
L+4.70%

6.4%
 
 Mar 2020

I/O

Office

FL

18.4
 
18.2
 
L+4.30%

6.1%
 
Apr 2020

I/O

Multifamily

NY

16.3
 
16.3
 
L+3.85%

5.4%
 
Nov 2017

I/O

Multifamily

CA

13.5

13.3

L+3.80%

5.5%

July 2020

I/O

Subordinated Debt and Preferred Equity Investments:




 

 



 




Multifamily

NY

33.3
 
33.2
 
L+8.07%

9.6%
 
 Jan 2019

I/O

Office

NJ

17.0
 
16.3
 
12.00%

12.8%
 
 Jan 2026

I/O
(9)
Office

TX

10.0
 
10.0
 
14.00%

15.2%
 
 Dec 2018

I/O

Total/Weighted Average



$1,552.8
 
$1,543.3
 


6.2%
 




_______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
The difference between the Carrying Amount and the Outstanding Principal amount of the loans held for investment consists of unamortized purchase discount, deferred loan fees and loan origination costs.
(2)
Unleveraged Effective Yield is the compounded effective rate of return that would be earned over the life of the investment based on the contractual interest rate (adjusted for any deferred loan fees, costs, premium or discount) and assumes no dispositions, early prepayments or defaults. Unleveraged Effective Yield for each loan is calculated based on LIBOR as of September 30, 2017 or the LIBOR floor, as applicable. The Weighted Average Unleveraged Effective Yield is calculated based on the average of Unleveraged Effective Yield of all loans held by the Company as of September 30, 2017 as weighted by the Outstanding Principal balance of each loan.
(3)
Certain loans are subject to contractual extension options that vary between one and two 12-month extensions and may be subject to performance based or other conditions as stipulated in the loan agreement. Actual maturities may differ from contractual maturities stated herein as certain borrowers may have the right to prepay with or without paying a prepayment penalty. The Company may also extend contractual maturities and amend other terms of the loans in connection with loan modifications.
(4)
I/O = interest only, P/I = principal and interest.
(5)
The senior mortgage loan is collateralized by a portfolio of self-storage, retail and office properties. The total principal balance of the senior mortgage loan is $159.2 million as of September 30, 2017, of which $122.2 million is allocable to the self-storage properties and $37.0 million is allocable to the retail and office properties. The borrower was obligated to repay an amount equal to $42.5 million with respect to the retail and office properties (which includes

12




$37.0 million of allocated loan amount and $5.5 million of release premium) in September 2017, which is prior to the initial maturity date of the loan in October 2018. See below in Note 3 included in these consolidated financial statements for further discussion of this loan.
(6)
The senior mortgage loan is collateralized by a portfolio of self-storage properties and one retail property.  The total principal balance of the senior mortgage loan is $82.3 million as of September 30, 2017, of which $70.2 million is allocable to the self-storage properties and $12.1 million is allocable to the retail property. The borrower was obligated to repay an amount equal to $13.9 million with respect to the retail property (which includes $12.1 million of allocated loan amount and $1.8 million of release premium) in September 2017, which is prior to the initial maturity date of the loan in October 2018. See below in Note 3 included in these consolidated financial statements for further discussion of this loan.
(7)
In July 2017, the Company and the borrower entered into an amendment to the loan agreement, which extended the maturity date on the senior Illinois loan from August 2017 to November 2017.
(8)
In April 2017, the borrower exercised a one-year extension option in accordance with the loan agreement, which extended the maturity date on the senior Michigan loan to July 2018.
(9)
In May 2017, amortization began on the senior Ohio loan, which had an outstanding principal balance of $32.3 million as of September 30, 2017. In October 2017, amortization will begin on the senior New York loan, which had an outstanding principal balance of $29.4 million as of September 30, 2017. In February 2021, amortization will begin on the subordinated New Jersey loan, which had an outstanding principal balance of $17.0 million as of September 30, 2017. The remainder of the loans in the Company’s portfolio are non-amortizing through their primary terms.
(10)
In August 2017, the borrower exercised a one-year extension option in accordance with the loan agreement, which extended the maturity date on the senior New York loan to October 2018.

The Company has made, and may continue to make, modifications to loans, including loans that are in default. Loan terms that may be modified include interest rates, required prepayments, asset release prices, maturity dates, covenants, principal amounts and other loan terms. The terms and conditions of each modification vary based on individual circumstances and will be determined on a case by case basis.

For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the activity in the Company’s loan portfolio was as follows ($ in thousands):

Balance at December 31, 2016
$
1,313,937

Initial funding
491,561

Origination fees and discounts, net of costs
(6,138
)
Additional funding
12,993

Amortizing payments
(251
)
Loan payoffs
(273,734
)
Origination fee accretion
4,893

Balance at September 30, 2017
$
1,543,261


As of September 30, 2017, the following two senior mortgage loans, which were made to affiliated borrowers controlled indirectly by the same individual, are each in an event of default.

As of September 30, 2017, the $159.2 million senior mortgage loan collateralized by a portfolio of self-storage, retail and office properties is in payment default due to the failure of the borrower to repay an amount equal to $42.5 million with respect to the retail and office properties (which includes $37.0 million of allocated loan amount and $5.5 million of release premium). This payment amount was due in September 2017, which is prior to the initial maturity date of the loan in October 2018. The Company evaluated this loan for impairment and concluded that no impairment charge should be recognized as of September 30, 2017 and that this loan should not be placed on non-accrual status as of September 30, 2017. This conclusion was based on the following: (1) the current estimated fair market value of the underlying collateral and applicable reserves, (2) the estimated cash flow from operations of the underlying collateral and (3) the recourse payment guarantee of up to $40.2 million from an individual that is the indirect owner of the underlying collateral and an affiliate of the borrower. The estimated fair market value of the underlying collateral was determined using the income capitalization approach and comparable market sales approach. As of September 30, 2017, the loan is current on its interest payments.

As of September 30, 2017, the $82.3 million senior mortgage loan collateralized by a portfolio of self-storage properties and one retail property is in payment default due to the failure of the borrower to repay an amount equal to $13.9

13




million with respect to the retail property (which includes $12.1 million of allocated loan amount and $1.8 million of release premium). This payment amount was due in September 2017, which is prior to the initial maturity date of the loan in October 2018. The Company evaluated this loan for impairment and concluded that no impairment charge should be recognized as of September 30, 2017 and that this loan should not be placed on non-accrual status as of September 30, 2017. This conclusion was based on the following: (1) the current estimated fair market value of the underlying collateral and applicable reserves, (2) the estimated cash flow from operations of the underlying collateral and (3) the recourse payment guarantee of up to $12.1 million from an individual that is the indirect owner of the underlying collateral and an affiliate of the borrower. The estimated fair market value of the underlying collateral was determined using the income capitalization approach and comparable market sales approach. As of September 30, 2017, the loan is current on its interest payments.

Except as described above, as of September 30, 2017, all loans were paying in accordance with their contractual terms. No impairment charges have been recognized during the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016.

4.   DEBT

Financing Agreements

The Company borrows funds, as applicable in a given period, under the Wells Fargo Facility, the Citibank Facility, the BAML Facility, the CNB Facility, the MetLife Facility, the UBS Facility and the U.S. Bank Facility (individually defined below and collectively, the “Secured Funding Agreements”) and the Secured Term Loan (as defined below). The Company refers to the Secured Funding Agreements and the Secured Term Loan as the “Financing Agreements.” The outstanding balance of the Financing Agreements in the table below are presented gross of debt issuance costs. As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the outstanding balances and total commitments under the Financing Agreements consisted of the following ($ in thousands):
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
Outstanding Balance
 
Total
Commitment
 
Outstanding Balance
 
Total
Commitment
 
Wells Fargo Facility
$
221,631

 
$
500,000

(1)
$
218,064

 
$
325,000

 
Citibank Facility
175,738

 
250,000

(2)
302,240

 
250,000

(2)
BAML Facility
56,320

 
125,000

 
77,679

 
125,000

 
CNB Facility

 
50,000

 

 
50,000

 
MetLife Facility
118,037

 
180,000

 
53,130

 
180,000

 
UBS Facility

 
140,000

 
71,360

 
140,000

 
U.S. Bank Facility
158,502

 
185,989

(3)
58,240

 
125,000

 
Secured Term Loan
155,000

 
155,000

 
155,000


155,000

 
   Total
$
885,228

 
$
1,585,989

 
$
935,713

 
$
1,350,000

 
______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
In May 2017, the Company amended the Wells Fargo Facility (as defined below) to increase the facility’s commitment amount from $325.0 million to $500.0 million.
(2)
The Citibank Facility (as defined below) has an accordion feature that provides for an increase in the $250.0 million commitment amount with respect to approved assets, as determined by Citibank, N.A. in its sole discretion.
(3)
In June 2017, the Company amended the U.S. Bank Facility (as defined below) to increase the facility’s commitment amount from $125.0 million to $186.0 million.

Some of the Company’s Financing Agreements are collateralized by (i) assignments of specific loans, preferred equity or a pool of loans held for investment or loans held for sale owned by the Company, (ii) interests in the subordinated portion of the Company’s securitization debt, or (iii) interests in wholly owned entity subsidiaries that hold the Company’s loans held for investment. The Company is the borrower or guarantor under each of the Financing Agreements. Generally, the Company partially offsets interest rate risk by matching the interest index of loans held for investment with the Secured Funding Agreements used to fund them. The Company’s Financing Agreements contain various affirmative and negative covenants, including negative pledges, and provisions regarding events of default that are normal and customary for similar financing arrangements.



14




Wells Fargo Facility
 
The Company is party to a master repurchase funding facility with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association (“Wells Fargo”) (the “Wells Fargo Facility”), which allows the Company to borrow up to $500.0 million. Under the Wells Fargo Facility, the Company is permitted to sell, and later repurchase, certain qualifying senior commercial mortgage loans, A-Notes, pari passu participations in commercial mortgage loans and mezzanine loans under certain circumstances, subject to available collateral approved by Wells Fargo in its sole discretion. In May 2017, the Company amended the Wells Fargo Facility to increase the facility’s commitment amount from $325.0 million to $500.0 million and extend the initial maturity date to December 14, 2018. The initial maturity date of the Wells Fargo Facility is subject to two 12-month extensions, each of which may be exercised at the Company’s option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of an extension fee, which, if both were exercised, would extend the maturity date of the Wells Fargo Facility to December 14, 2020. Advances under the Wells Fargo Facility accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the sum of (i) one-month LIBOR plus (ii) a pricing margin range of 1.75% to 2.35%. The Company incurs a non-utilization fee of 25 basis points per annum on the average daily available balance of the Wells Fargo Facility to the extent less than 75% of the Wells Fargo Facility is utilized. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $148 thousand and $240 thousand, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $132 thousand and $278 thousand, respectively. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
 
Citibank Facility

The Company is party to a $250.0 million master repurchase facility with Citibank, N.A. (“Citibank”) (the “Citibank Facility”). Under the Citibank Facility, the Company is permitted to sell and later repurchase certain qualifying senior commercial mortgage loans and A-Notes approved by Citibank in its sole discretion. The Citibank Facility has an accordion feature that provides for an increase in the $250.0 million commitment amount with respect to approved assets, as determined by Citibank in its sole discretion. The initial maturity date of the Citibank Facility is December 10, 2018, subject to three 12-month extensions, each of which may be exercised at the Company’s option assuming no existing defaults under the Citibank Facility and applicable extension fees being paid, which, if all three were exercised, would extend the maturity date of the Citibank Facility to December 8, 2021. Advances under the Citibank Facility accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a pricing margin range of 2.25% to 2.50%, subject to certain exceptions. Advances applicable to assets funded under the Citibank Facility prior to December 8, 2016 accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a pricing margin range of 2.00% to 2.50%. The Company incurs a non-utilization fee of 25 basis points per annum on the average daily available balance of the Citibank Facility. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $36 thousand and $118 thousand, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $3 thousand and $95 thousand, respectively. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
 
BAML Facility

The Company is party to a $125.0 million Bridge Loan Warehousing Credit and Security Agreement with Bank of America, N.A. (“Bank of America”) (the “BAML Facility”). Under the BAML Facility, the Company may obtain advances secured by eligible commercial mortgage loans collateralized by multifamily properties. Bank of America may approve the loans on which advances are made under the BAML Facility in its sole discretion. In May 2017, the Company amended the BAML Facility to extend the period during which the Company may request individual loans under the facility to May 24, 2018. Individual advances under the BAML Facility generally have a two-year maturity, subject to one 12-month extension at the Company’s option upon the satisfaction of certain conditions and applicable extension fees being paid. In addition, in May 2017, the final maturity date of individual loans under the BAML Facility was extended to May 25, 2021. Advances under the BAML Facility accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread ranging from 2.25% to 2.75% depending upon the type of asset securing such advance. The Company incurs a non-utilization fee of 12.5 basis points per annum on the average daily available balance of the BAML Facility to the extent less than 50% of the BAML Facility is utilized. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $11 thousand and $42 thousand, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $20 thousand and $52 thousand, respectively. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. See Note 14 included in these consolidated financial statements for a subsequent event related to the BAML Facility.
 




15




 CNB Facility

The Company is party to a $50.0 million secured revolving funding facility with City National Bank (the “CNB Facility”). The Company is permitted to borrow funds under the CNB Facility to finance investments and for other working capital and general corporate needs. In March 2017, the Company amended the CNB Facility to extend the initial maturity date to March 11, 2018. The Company has two 12-month extensions, each of which may be exercised at the Company’s option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of an extension fee, which, if both were exercised, would extend the maturity date of the CNB Facility to March 10, 2020. Advances under the CNB Facility accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to the sum of, at the Company’s option, either (a) LIBOR for a one, two, three, six or, if available to all lenders, 12-month interest period plus 3.00% or (b) a base rate (which is the highest of a prime rate, the federal funds rate plus 0.50%, or one-month LIBOR plus 1.00%) plus 1.25%; provided that in no event shall the interest rate be less than 3.00%. Unless at least 75% of the CNB Facility is used on average, unused commitments under the CNB Facility accrue unused line fees at the rate of 0.375% per annum. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $46 thousand and $140 thousand, respectively. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $28 thousand and $74 thousand, respectively. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

MetLife Facility    

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to a $180.0 million revolving master repurchase facility with Metropolitan Life Insurance Company (“MetLife”) (the “MetLife Facility”), pursuant to which the Company may sell, and later repurchase, commercial mortgage loans meeting defined eligibility criteria which are approved by MetLife in its sole discretion. In August 2017, the Company amended the MetLife Facility to extend the initial maturity date to August 12, 2020. The initial maturity date of the MetLife Facility is subject to two 12-month extensions, each of which may be exercised at the Company’s option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of an extension fee, which, if both were exercised, would extend the maturity date of the MetLife Facility to August 12, 2022. In addition, in August 2017, the Company decreased the interest rate on advances under the MetLife Facility to a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.30%. Beginning in January 2018, the Company will incur a non-utilization fee of 25 basis points per annum on the average daily available balance of the MetLife Facility to the extent less than 65% of the MetLife Facility is utilized.

UBS Facility
 
The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to a $140.0 million revolving master repurchase facility with UBS Real Estate Securities Inc. (“UBS”) (the “UBS Facility”), pursuant to which the Company may sell, and later repurchase, commercial mortgage loans and, under certain circumstances, other assets meeting defined eligibility criteria that are approved by UBS in its sole discretion. The maturity date of the UBS Facility is October 21, 2018, subject to annual extensions in UBS’ sole discretion. The interest rate on advances under the UBS Facility is one-month LIBOR plus (a) 1.88% per annum, for assets that are subject to an advance for one year or less, (b) 2.08% per annum, for assets that are subject to an advance in excess of one year but less than two years and (c) 2.28% per annum, for assets that are subject to an advance for greater than two years.

U.S. Bank Facility

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to a $186.0 million master repurchase and securities contract with U.S. Bank National Association (“U.S. Bank”) (the “U.S. Bank Facility”). Pursuant to the U.S. Bank Facility, the Company is permitted to sell, and later repurchase, eligible commercial mortgage loans collateralized by retail, office, mixed-use, multifamily, industrial, hospitality, student housing, manufactured housing or self-storage properties. U.S. Bank may approve the mortgage loans that are subject to the U.S. Bank Facility in its sole discretion. In June 2017, the Company amended the U.S. Bank Facility to increase the facility’s commitment amount from $125.0 million to $186.0 million and extend the initial maturity date to July 31, 2020. The initial maturity date of the U.S. Bank Facility is subject to two 12-month extensions, each of which may be exercised at the Company’s option, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including payment of an extension fee, which if both were exercised, would extend the maturity date of the U.S. Bank Facility to July 31, 2022. Advances under the U.S. Bank Facility generally accrue interest at a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.25%, unless otherwise agreed between U.S. Bank and the Company, depending upon the mortgage loan sold to U.S. Bank in the applicable transaction. The Company incurs a non-utilization fee of 25 basis points per annum on the average daily available balance of the U.S. Bank Facility to the extent less than 50% of the U.S. Bank Facility is utilized. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, the Company did not incur a non-utilization fee. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $83 thousand. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $8 thousand. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

16




Secured Term Loan

The Company and certain of its subsidiaries are party to a $155.0 million Credit and Guaranty Agreement with Highbridge Principal Strategies, LLC, as administrative agent, and DBD Credit Funding LLC, as collateral agent (the “Secured Term Loan”). The Company made an initial draw of $75.0 million on December 9, 2015, the closing date. The Company drew the remaining $80.0 million of the Secured Term Loan on September 9, 2016. The Secured Term Loan bears interest at a per annum rate of LIBOR plus 6.0% with a LIBOR floor of 1.0% on drawn amounts. The Secured Term Loan has a maturity date of December 9, 2018. The Company was subject to a monthly non-utilization fee equal to 1.0% per annum on the unused commitment amount during the nine-month commitment period following the closing date for which the $80.0 million of the Secured Term Loan was not utilized. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company did not incur a non-utilization fee. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a non-utilization fee of $156 thousand and $560 thousand, respectively. The non-utilization fee is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. The total original issue discount on the Secured Term Loan draws was $2.3 million, which represents a discount to the debt cost to be amortized into interest expense using the effective interest method over the term of the Secured Term Loan. The estimated per annum effective interest rate of the Secured Term Loan, which is equal to LIBOR (subject to a floor of 1.0%) plus the stated rate of 6.0% plus the accretion of the original issue discount and associated costs, was 8.7% and 8.6% for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, respectively. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the estimated per annum effective interest rate was 8.5%.

5.     COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCIES

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company had the following commitments to fund various senior mortgage loans, subordinated debt investments, as well as preferred equity investments accounted for as loans held for investment ($ in thousands):
 
As of
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Total commitments
$
1,651,467

 
$
1,380,805

Less: funded commitments
(1,552,764
)
 
(1,311,655
)
Total unfunded commitments
$
98,703

 
$
69,150


The Company from time to time may be party to litigation relating to claims arising in the normal course of business. As of September 30, 2017, the Company is not aware of any legal claims that could materially impact its business, financial condition or results of operations.  

6.   EQUITY

Stock Buyback Program

In May 2015, the Company announced that the Company’s board of directors authorized the Company to repurchase up to $20.0 million of the Company’s outstanding common stock over a period of one year (the “Stock Buyback Program”). In February 2016, the Company’s board of directors increased the size of the existing $20.0 million Stock Buyback Program to $30.0 million and extended the Stock Buyback Program through March 31, 2017, which was not extended.

Common Stock

There were no shares issued in public or private offerings for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017. See “Equity Incentive Plan” below for shares issued under the plan.

Equity Incentive Plan
 
On April 23, 2012, the Company adopted an equity incentive plan (the “2012 Equity Incentive Plan”). Pursuant to the 2012 Equity Incentive Plan, the Company may grant awards consisting of restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, restricted stock units and/or other equity-based awards to the Company’s outside directors, employees, officers, ACREM and other eligible awardees under the plan, subject to an aggregate limitation of 690,000 shares of common stock (7.5% of the issued and outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock immediately after giving effect to the issuance of the shares sold in the IPO). Any restricted shares of the Company’s common stock and restricted stock units will be accounted for under

17




FASB ASC Topic 718, Compensation—Stock Compensation, resulting in share-based compensation expense equal to the grant date fair value of the underlying restricted shares of common stock or restricted stock units.
 
Restricted stock grants generally vest ratably over a one to four year period from the vesting start date. The grantee receives additional compensation for each outstanding restricted stock grant, classified as dividends paid, equal to the per-share dividends received by common stockholders.

The following table details the restricted stock grants awarded as of September 30, 2017:

Grant Date
 
Vesting Start Date
 
Shares Granted
May 1, 2012
 
July 1, 2012
 
35,135
June 18, 2012
 
July 1, 2012
 
7,027
July 9, 2012
 
October 1, 2012
 
25,000
June 26, 2013
 
July 1, 2013
 
22,526
November 25, 2013
 
November 25, 2016
 
30,381
January 31, 2014
 
August 31, 2015
 
48,273
February 26, 2014
 
February 26, 2014
 
12,030
February 27, 2014
 
August 27, 2014
 
22,354
June 24, 2014
 
June 24, 2014
 
17,658
June 24, 2015
 
July 1, 2015
 
25,555
April 25, 2016
 
July 1, 2016
 
10,000
June 27, 2016
 
July 1, 2016
 
24,680
April 25, 2017
 
April 25, 2018
 
81,710
June 7, 2017
 
July 1, 2017
 
18,224
Total
 

 
380,553

The following tables summarize the (i) non-vested shares of restricted stock and (ii) the vesting schedule of shares of restricted stock for the Company’s directors and officers as of September 30, 2017:

Schedule of Non-Vested Share and Share Equivalents

 
 Restricted Stock Grants—Directors
 
Restricted Stock Grants—Officer
 
Total
Balance at December 31, 2016
21,514

 

 
21,514

Granted
18,224

 
81,710

 
99,934

Vested
(20,232
)
 

 
(20,232
)
Forfeited

 

 

Balance at September 30, 2017
19,506

 
81,710

 
101,216


Future Anticipated Vesting Schedule

 
Restricted Stock Grants—Directors
 
Restricted Stock Grants—Officer
 
Total
2017
5,390

 

 
5,390

2018
12,448

 
27,237

 
39,685

2019
1,668

 
27,237

 
28,905

2020

 
27,236

 
27,236

2021

 

 

Total
19,506

 
81,710

 
101,216



18




Non-Controlling Interests

The non-controlling interests held by third parties in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets represented the equity interests in a limited liability company, ACRC KA Investor LLC (“ACRC KA”) that were not owned by the Company. A portion of ACRC KA’s consolidated equity and net income were allocated to these non-controlling interests held by third parties based on their pro-rata ownership of ACRC KA. As of December 31, 2016, ACRC KA’s total equity was $21.7 million, of which $11.1 million was owned by the Company and $10.6 million was allocated to non-controlling interests held by third parties. As of September 30, 2017, the equity interests in ACRC KA held by the Company and third parties had been repaid in full and as such, there was no equity outstanding that was allocated to non-controlling interests held by third parties. See Note 12 included in these consolidated financial statements for more information on ACRC KA.

7.   EARNINGS PER SHARE

The following information sets forth the computations of basic and diluted earnings per common share from continuing operations and discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 ($ in thousands, except share and per share data):
 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017

2016
 
2017
 
2016
Net income from continuing operations, less non-controlling interests
$
11,058

 
$
6,380

 
$
24,224

 
$
17,854

Net income from discontinued operations, including gain on sale of discontinued operations
$

 
$
12,062

 
$

 
$
14,417

Divided by:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
28,481,298

 
28,428,766

 
28,475,369

 
28,462,143

Non-vested restricted stock
101,392

 
84,371

 
62,354

 
74,778

Diluted weighted average shares of common stock outstanding:
28,582,690

 
28,513,137

 
28,537,723

 
28,536,921

Basic earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.39

 
$
0.22

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.63

Discontinued operations

 
0.42

 

 
0.51

Net income
$
0.39

 
$
0.65

 
$
0.85

 
$
1.13

Diluted earnings per common share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Continuing operations
$
0.39

 
$
0.22

 
$
0.85

 
$
0.63

Discontinued operations

 
0.42

 

 
0.51

Net income
$
0.39

 
$
0.65

 
$
0.85

 
$
1.13


8.   INCOME TAX
    
The Company wholly owns ACRC Lender W TRS LLC and ACRC Lender U TRS LLC, which are taxable REIT subsidiaries (“TRS”) formed in order to issue and hold certain loans intended for sale. The Company also wholly owns ACRC 2017-FL3 TRS LLC, which is a TRS formed in order to hold a portion of the CLO Securitization (as defined below) to the extent it generates excess inclusion income.

19





The income tax provision for the Company and the TRSs consisted of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 ($ in thousands):

 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
2017

2016
 
2017
 
2016
Current
$
4

 
$
4

 
$
14

 
$
11

Deferred

 

 

 

Excise tax
50

 
157

 
135

 
157

   Total income tax expense, including excise tax
$
54


$
161


$
149


$
168


For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company recorded an expense of $50 thousand and $135 thousand, respectively, for U.S. federal excise tax. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company recorded an expense of $157 thousand for U.S. federal excise tax. Excise tax represents a 4% tax on a portion of the required amount of the Company’s ordinary income and net capital gains not distributed during the year. If it is determined that the Company’s estimated current year taxable income plus any undistributed shortfall from its prior calendar year will be in excess of estimated dividend distributions (including capital gain dividend) for the current year, the Company will accrue excise tax on estimated excess taxable income as such taxable income is earned. The quarterly expense is calculated in accordance with applicable tax regulations.

The TRSs recognize interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within income tax expense in the consolidated statements of operations. Accrued interest and penalties, if any, are included within other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.

As of September 30, 2017, tax years 2014 through 2016 remain subject to examination by taxing authorities. The Company does not have any unrecognized tax benefits and the Company does not expect that to change in the next 12 months.

9.   FAIR VALUE OF FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS

The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820-10, Fair Value Measurement (“ASC 820-10”), which expands the application of fair value accounting. ASC 820-10 defines fair value, establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with GAAP and expands disclosure requirements for fair value measurements. ASC 820-10 determines fair value to be the price that would be received for a financial instrument in a current sale, which assumes an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date. ASC 820-10 specifies a hierarchy of valuation techniques based on the inputs used in measuring fair value.

In accordance with ASC 820-10, the inputs used to measure fair value are summarized in the three broad levels listed below:

Level 1-Quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities.

Level 2-Prices are determined using other significant observable inputs. Observable inputs are inputs that other market participants would use in pricing a security. These may include quoted prices for similar securities, interest rates, prepayment speeds, credit risk and others.

Level 3-Prices are determined using significant unobservable inputs. In situations where quoted prices or observable inputs are unavailable (for example, when there is little or no market activity for an investment at the end of the period), unobservable inputs may be used.

GAAP requires disclosure of fair value information about financial instruments, whether or not recognized in the financial statements, for which it is practical to estimate the value. In cases where quoted market prices are not available, fair values are based upon the application of discount rates to estimated future cash flows using market yields, or other valuation methodologies. Any changes to the valuation methodology will be reviewed by the Company’s management to ensure the changes are appropriate. The methods used may produce a fair value calculation that is not indicative of net realizable value or reflective of future fair values. Furthermore, while the Company anticipates that the valuation methods are appropriate and consistent with other market participants, the use of different methodologies, or assumptions, to determine the fair value of certain financial instruments could result in a different estimate of fair value at the reporting date. The Company uses inputs

20




that are current as of the measurement date, which may fall within periods of market dislocation, during which price transparency may be reduced.

As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the Company did not have any assets or liabilities required to be recorded at fair value on a recurring or nonrecurring basis.
 
As of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016, the carrying values and fair values of the Company’s financial assets and liabilities recorded at cost are as follows ($ in thousands):

 
 
 
As of
 
 
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Level in Fair Value Hierarchy
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
 
Carrying Value
 
Fair Value
Financial assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
   Loans held for investment
3
 
$
1,543,261

 
$
1,552,764

 
$
1,313,937

 
$
1,322,195

Financial liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 


 


   Secured funding agreements
2
 
$
730,228

 
$
730,228

 
$
780,713

 
$
780,713

   Secured term loan
2
 
151,761

 
155,000

 
149,878

 
155,000

Collateralized loan obligation securitization debt (consolidated VIE)
3
 
270,961

 
272,927

 

 


The carrying values of cash and cash equivalents, restricted cash, interest receivable, due to affiliate liability and accrued expenses, which are all categorized as Level 2 within the fair value hierarchy, approximate their fair values due to their short-term nature.
 
Loans held for investment are recorded at cost, net of unamortized loan fees and origination costs and net of an allowance for loan losses. The Company may record fair value adjustments on a nonrecurring basis when it has determined that it is necessary to record a specific reserve against a loan and the Company measures such specific reserve using the fair value of the loan’s collateral. To determine the fair value of the collateral, the Company may employ different approaches depending on the type of collateral. The Financing Agreements and collateralized loan obligation (“CLO”) securitization debt are recorded at outstanding principal, which is the Company’s best estimate of the fair value.
 
10.   RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

Management Agreement

The Company is party to a Management Agreement under which ACREM, subject to the supervision and oversight of the Company’s board of directors, is responsible for, among other duties, (a) performing all of the Company’s day-to-day functions, (b) determining the Company’s investment strategy and guidelines in conjunction with the Company’s board of directors, (c) sourcing, analyzing and executing investments, asset sales and financing, and (d) performing portfolio management duties. In addition, ACREM has an Investment Committee that oversees compliance with the Company’s investment strategy and guidelines, investment portfolio holdings and financing strategy.
 
In exchange for its services, ACREM is entitled to receive a base management fee, an incentive fee, expense reimbursements, grants of equity-based awards pursuant to the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan and a termination fee, if applicable.
 
The base management fee is equal to 1.5% of the Company’s stockholders’ equity per annum, which is calculated and payable quarterly in arrears in cash. For purposes of calculating the base management fee, stockholders’ equity means: (a) the sum of (i) the net proceeds from all issuances of the Company’s equity securities since inception (allocated on a pro rata daily basis for such issuances during the fiscal quarter of any such issuance), plus (ii) the Company’s retained earnings at the end of the most recently completed fiscal quarter determined in accordance with GAAP (without taking into account any non-cash equity compensation expense incurred in current or prior periods); less (b) (x) any amount that the Company has paid to repurchase the Company’s common stock since inception, (y) any unrealized gains and losses and other non-cash items that have impacted stockholders’ equity as reported in the Company’s consolidated financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP, and (z) one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP, and certain non-cash items not otherwise described above, in each case after discussions between ACREM and the Company’s independent directors and approval by a majority of the

21




Company’s independent directors. As a result, the Company’s stockholders’ equity, for purposes of calculating the management fee, could be greater or less than the amount of stockholders’ equity shown in the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
The incentive fee is an amount, not less than zero, equal to the difference between: (a) the product of (i) 20% and (ii) the difference between (A) the Company’s Core Earnings (as defined below) for the previous 12-month period, and (B) the product of (1) the weighted average of the issue price per share of the Company’s common stock of all of the Company’s public offerings of common stock multiplied by the weighted average number of all shares of common stock outstanding including any restricted shares of the Company’s common stock, restricted stock units or any shares of the Company’s common stock not yet issued, but underlying other awards granted under the Company’s 2012 Equity Incentive Plan (see Note 6 included in these consolidated financial statements) in the previous 12-month period, and (2) 8%; and (b) the sum of any incentive fees earned by ACREM with respect to the first three fiscal quarters of such previous 12-month period; provided, however, that no incentive fee is payable with respect to any fiscal quarter unless cumulative Core Earnings for the 12 most recently completed fiscal quarters is greater than zero. “Core Earnings” is a non-GAAP measure and is defined as GAAP net income (loss) computed in accordance with GAAP, excluding non-cash equity compensation expense, the incentive fee, depreciation and amortization (to the extent that any of the Company’s target investments are structured as debt and the Company forecloses on any properties underlying such debt), any unrealized gains, losses or other non-cash items recorded in net income (loss) for the period, regardless of whether such items are included in other comprehensive income or loss, or in net income (loss), and one-time events pursuant to changes in GAAP and certain non-cash charges after discussions between ACREM and the Company’s independent directors and after approval by a majority of the Company’s independent directors. For the three months ended September 30, 2017, no incentive fees were incurred. For the nine months ended September 30, 2017, $381 thousand of incentive fees were incurred. For both the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, $321 thousand of incentive fees were incurred.
 
The Company reimburses ACREM at cost for operating expenses that ACREM incurs on the Company’s behalf, including expenses relating to legal, financial, accounting, servicing, due diligence and other services.
 
The Company will not reimburse ACREM for the salaries and other compensation of its personnel, except for the allocable share of the salaries and other compensation of the Company’s (a) Chief Financial Officer, based on the percentage of his time spent on the Company’s affairs and (b) other corporate finance, tax, accounting, internal audit, legal, risk management, operations, compliance and other non-investment professional personnel of ACREM or its affiliates who spend all or a portion of their time managing the Company’s affairs based on the percentage of their time spent on the Company’s affairs. The Company is also required to pay its pro rata portion of rent, telephone, utilities, office furniture, equipment, machinery and other office, internal and overhead expenses of ACREM and its affiliates that are required for the Company’s operations. The term of the Management Agreement ends on May 1, 2018, with automatic one-year renewal terms thereafter. Except under limited circumstances, upon a termination of the Management Agreement, the Company will pay ACREM a termination fee equal to three times the average annual base management fee and incentive fee received by ACREM during the 24-month period immediately preceding the most recently completed fiscal quarter prior to the date of termination, each as described above.
 
Certain of the Company’s subsidiaries, along with the Company’s lenders under certain of the Company’s Secured Funding Agreements, as well as under the CLO transaction have entered into various servicing agreements with ACREM’s subsidiary servicer, Ares Commercial Real Estate Servicer LLC (“ACRES”). The Company’s Manager will specially service, as needed, certain of the Company’s investments. Effective May 1, 2012, ACRES agreed that no servicing fees pursuant to these servicing agreements would be charged to the Company or its subsidiaries by ACRES or the Manager for so long as the Management Agreement remains in effect, but that ACRES will continue to receive reimbursement for overhead related to servicing and operational activities pursuant to the terms of the Management Agreement.
 
The following table summarizes the related party costs incurred by the Company related to continuing operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 and amounts payable to the Company’s Manager as of September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2016 ($ in thousands):


22




 
Incurred
 
Payable
 
For the three months ended September 30,
 
For the nine months ended September 30,
 
As of
 
2017
 
2016
 
2017
 
2016
 
September 30, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Affiliate Payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Management fees
$
1,554

 
$
1,369

 
$
4,639

 
$
4,059

 
$
1,554

 
$
1,549

Incentive fees

 
321

 
381


321

 

 
27

General and administrative expenses
986

 
860

 
2,883

 
2,417

 
986

 
1,024

Direct costs
89

(1)
227

(2)
177

(1)
730

(2)
27

 
99

   Total
$
2,629

 
$
2,777

 
$
8,080

 
$
7,527

 
$
2,567

 
$
2,699

______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, direct costs incurred are included within general and administrative expenses in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
(2)
For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, direct costs incurred are included within (i) general and administrative expenses of $107 thousand and $368 thousand, respectively, and (ii) interest expense of $120 thousand and $362 thousand, respectively, in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Credit Support Fee Agreement

In July 2014, the Company and certain of its subsidiaries entered into a Credit Support Fee Agreement with Ares Management under which the Company agreed to pay Ares Management a credit support fee in an amount equal to 1.50% per annum times the average amount of the loans outstanding under the $75 million revolving funding facility (the “July 2014 CNB Facility”) with City National Bank and to reimburse Ares Management for its out-of-pocket costs and expenses in connection with the transaction. During the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, the Company incurred a credit support fee of $120 thousand and $362 thousand, respectively, under the July 2014 CNB Facility which is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations. On September 30, 2016, the July 2014 CNB Facility was repaid in full and its terms were not extended. In conjunction with the repayment in full of the July 2014 CNB Facility, the Credit Support Fee Agreement was terminated.

11.   DIVIDENDS AND DISTRIBUTIONS

The following table summarizes the Company’s dividends declared during the nine months ended September 30, 2017 and 2016 ($ in thousands, except per share data):

Date Declared
 
Record Date
 
Payment Date
 
Per Share Amount
 
Total Amount
August 3, 2017
 
September 29, 2017
 
October 16, 2017
 
$
0.27

 
$
7,717

May 2, 2017
 
June 30, 2017
 
July 17, 2017
 
0.27

 
7,718

March 7, 2017
 
March 31, 2017
 
April 17, 2017
 
0.27

 
7,690

Total cash dividends declared for the nine months ended September 30, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
$
0.81

 
$
23,125

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
August 4, 2016
 
September 30, 2016
 
October 17, 2016
 
$
0.26

 
$
7,406

May 5, 2016
 
June 30, 2016
 
July 15, 2016
 
0.26

 
7,413

March 1, 2016
 
March 31, 2016
 
April 15, 2016
 
0.26

 
7,429

Total cash dividends declared for the nine months ended September 30, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
$
0.78

 
$
22,248







23




12.   VARIABLE INTEREST ENTITIES

Consolidated VIEs

As discussed in Note 2, the Company evaluates all of its investments and other interests in entities for consolidation, including its investments in: (a) the CLO securitization and (b) a preferred equity investment in an LLC entity (discussed below), all of which are generally considered to be variable interests in a VIE.

CLO Securitization

On March 2, 2017, ACRE Commercial Mortgage 2017-FL3 Ltd. (the “Issuer”) and ACRE Commercial Mortgage 2017-FL3 LLC (the “Co-Issuer”), both wholly owned indirect subsidiaries of the Company, entered into an Indenture (the “Indenture”) with Wells Fargo Bank, National Association, as advancing agent and note administrator, and Wilmington Trust, National Association as trustee, which governs the issuance of approximately $308.8 million principal balance secured floating rate notes (the “Notes”) and $32.4 million of preferred equity in the Issuer (the “CLO Securitization”).
 
The Notes are collateralized by interests in a pool of twelve mortgage assets having a total principal balance of approximately $341.2 million (the “Mortgage Assets”) that were originated by a subsidiary of the Company. During the reinvestment period ending on March 15, 2019, the Company may direct the Issuer to acquire additional mortgage assets meeting applicable reinvestment criteria using the principal repayments from the Mortgage Assets, subject to the satisfaction of certain conditions, including receipt of a Rating Agency Confirmation and investor approval of the new mortgage assets.
 
The contribution of the Mortgage Assets to the Issuer is governed by a Mortgage Asset Purchase Agreement between ACRC Lender LLC (the “Seller”), a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company, and the Issuer, and acknowledged by the Company solely for purposes of confirming its status as a REIT, in which the Seller made certain customary representations, warranties and covenants.
 
In connection with the securitization, the Issuer and Co-Issuer offered and issued the following classes of Notes: Class A, Class A-S, Class B, Class C and Class D Notes (collectively, the “Offered Notes”) to a third party.  A wholly owned subsidiary of the Company retained approximately $35.8 million of the Notes and all of the $32.4 million of preferred equity in the Issuer, which totaled $68.2 million. The Company, as the holder of the subordinated Notes and all of the preferred equity in the Issuer, has the obligation to absorb losses of the CLO, since the Company has a first loss position in the capital structure of the CLO.

 After March 15, 2021, the Issuer may redeem the Offered Notes subject to paying a make whole prepayment fee of 1.0% of the then outstanding balance of the Offered Notes. In addition, once the Class A Notes, Class A-S Notes, Class B Notes and Class C Notes have been repaid in full, the Issuer has the right to redeem the Class D Notes, subject to paying a make whole prepayment fee of 1.0% on the Class D Notes.
 
As the directing holder of the CLO Securitization, the Company has the ability to direct activities that could significantly impact the CLO Securitization’s economic performance. ACRES is designated as special servicer of the CLO Securitization and has the power to direct activities during the loan workout process on defaulted and delinquent loans, which is the activity that most significantly impacts the CLO Securitization’s economic performance. ACRES did not waive the special servicing fee, and the Company pays its overhead costs. If an unrelated third party had the right to unilaterally remove the special servicer, then the Company would not have the power to direct activities that most significantly impact the CLO Securitization’s economic performance. In addition, there were no substantive kick-out rights of any unrelated third party to remove the special servicer without cause. The Company’s subsidiaries, as directing holders, have the ability to remove the special servicer without cause. Based on these factors, the Company is determined to be the primary beneficiary of the CLO Securitization; thus, the CLO Securitization is consolidated into the Company’s consolidated financial statements.

The CLO Securitization is consolidated in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 810 and is structured as a pass through entity that receives principal and interest on the underlying collateral and distributes those payments to the note holders, as applicable. The assets and other instruments held by the CLO Securitization are restricted and can only be used to fulfill the obligations of the CLO Securitization. Additionally, the obligations of the CLO Securitization do not have any recourse to the general credit of any other consolidated entities, nor to the Company as the primary beneficiary.

The inclusion of the assets and liabilities of the CLO Securitization of which the Company is deemed the primary beneficiary has no economic effect on the Company. The Company’s exposure to the obligations of the CLO Securitization is generally limited to its investment in the entity. The Company is not obligated to provide, nor has it provided, any financial

24




support for the consolidated structure. As such, the risk associated with the Company’s involvement in the CLO Securitization is limited to the carrying value of its investment in the entity. As of September 30, 2017, the Company’s maximum risk of loss was $68.2 million, which represents the carrying value of its investment in the CLO Securitization. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2017, the Company incurred interest expense related to the CLO Securitization of $2.1 million and $4.7 million, respectively, which is included within interest expense in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Investment in VIE

On December 19, 2014, the Company and third party institutional investors formed a limited liability company, ACRC KA, which acquired $170.0 million of preferred equity in a REIT whose assets were comprised of a portfolio of 22 multifamily, student housing, medical office and self-storage properties managed by its sponsor. The Company’s investment in ACRC KA was considered to be an investment in a VIE. As of December 31, 2016, the Company owned a controlling financial interest of 51.0% of the equity shares in the VIE and the third party institutional investors owned the remaining 49.0% minority financial interest. The preferred equity shares were entitled to a preferred monthly return over the term of the investment at a fixed rate of 10.95% per annum. In January 2017, the Company’s investment in ACRC KA was repaid in full. Accordingly, as of September 30, 2017, the Company’s investment was no longer outstanding.
    
ACREM was the non-member manager of the VIE. Based on the terms of the ACRC KA LLC agreement, ACREM had the ability to direct activities that could significantly impact the VIE’s economic performance. There were no substantive kick-out rights held by the third party institutional investors to remove ACREM as the non-member manager without cause. As ACREM served as the manager of the Company, the Company had the right to receive benefits from the VIE that could potentially be significant. As such, the Company was deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE and the party that was most closely associated with the VIE. Thus, the VIE was consolidated into the Company’s consolidated financial statements and the preferred equity interests owned by the third party institutional investors were reflected as a non-controlling interest held by third parties in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.
    
As of December 31, 2016, the carrying value of the preferred equity investment, which is net of unamortized fees and origination costs, was $21.3 million, and was included within loans held for investment in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets. The risk associated solely with respect to the Company’s investment in this VIE was limited to the outstanding principal of its investment in the entity. As of December 31, 2016, the Company’s maximum risk of loss solely with respect to this investment was $11.0 million.

Unconsolidated VIEs
 
The Company also holds variable interests in VIEs structured as preferred equity investments, where the Company does not have a controlling financial interest. For these structures, the Company is not deemed to be the primary beneficiary of the VIE, and the Company does not consolidate these VIEs. These preferred equity investments are accounted for as loans held for investment and are carried at cost, net of unamortized loan fees and origination costs, unless the loans are deemed impaired, and are included within loans held for investment in the Company’s consolidated balance sheets.

The Company is not obligated to provide, nor has it provided, any financial support for any of the Company’s unconsolidated VIEs. As such, the risks associated with the Company’s involvement in these unconsolidated VIEs are limited to the outstanding principal of the Company’s investment in the entity.

As of September 30, 2017, there are no unconsolidated VIEs outstanding. The following table presents the carrying value and the maximum exposure to loss of unconsolidated VIEs as of December 31, 2016 ($ in thousands):

Carrying value
$
37,373

Maximum exposure to loss
$
37,679


13.   DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

ACRE Capital primarily originated, sold and serviced multifamily and senior-living related loans under programs offered by government-sponsored enterprises, such as the Federal National Mortgage Association (“Fannie Mae”) and the Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“Freddie Mac”) and by government agencies, such as the Government National Mortgage Association (“Ginnie Mae”) and the Federal Housing Administration, a division of the U.S. Department of Housing

25




and Urban Development (together with Ginnie Mae, “HUD”). ACRE Capital was approved as a Fannie Mae Delegated Underwriting and Servicing lender, a Freddie Mac Program Plus® Seller/Servicer, a Multifamily Accelerated Processing and Section 232 LEAN lender for HUD, and a Ginnie Mae issuer. While ACRE Capital earned little interest income from these activities because it generally only held loans for short periods, ACRE Capital received origination fees when it closed loans and sale premiums when it sold loans. ACRE Capital also retained the rights to service the loans, which were known as mortgage servicing rights (“MSRs”), and received fees for such servicing during the life of the loans, which generally lasted 10 years or more.

On September 30, 2016, the Company closed the ACRE Capital Sale for a purchase price of $93 million in accordance with the Agreement dated June 28, 2016.

Discontinued Operations - Financial Summary

The following information reconciles the net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes, that are presented separately in the consolidated statements of operations ($ in thousands):

For the three months ended September 30, 2016
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016
Mortgage banking revenue:


 


Servicing fees, net
$
4,115

 
$
11,081

Gains from mortgage banking activities
10,862

 
24,034

Provision for loss sharing
(143
)
 
146

Change in fair value of mortgage servicing rights
(2,562
)
 
(6,457
)
Mortgage banking revenue
12,272

 
28,804

Expenses:


 


Management fees to affiliate
154

 
446

Professional fees
347

 
718

Compensation and benefits
7,864

 
18,108

Transaction costs
282

 
797

General and administrative expenses
1,011

 
3,049

General and administrative expenses reimbursed to affiliate
185

 
622

Total expenses
9,843

 
23,740

Income from operations before income taxes
2,429

 
5,064

Income tax expense
563

 
843

Net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes
$
1,866

 
$
4,221


Revenue Recognition

Servicing fees were earned for servicing mortgage loans, including all activities related to servicing the loans, and were recognized as services were provided over the life of the related mortgage loan. Also included in servicing fees were the net fees earned on borrower prepayment penalties and interest earned on borrowers’ escrow payments and interim cash balances, along with other ancillary fees and reduced by write-offs of MSRs for loans that were prepaid, changes in the fair value of the servicing fee payable (defined below) and interest expense related to escrow accounts. ACRE Capital provided additional payments to certain personnel by providing them with a percentage of the servicing fee revenue that was earned by ACRE Capital, which was initially recorded as a liability when ACRE Capital committed to make a loan to a borrower (the “servicing fee payable”). Servicing fees, net are included within net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes, in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.
 
Gains from mortgage banking activities included the initial fair value of MSRs, loan origination fees, gain on the sale of loans originated, interest income and fees earned on loans held for sale, changes to the fair value of derivative financial instruments attributable to the loan commitments and forward sale commitments and reduced by the expense related to the initial fair value of the servicing fee payable and the interest expense related to the Warehouse Lines of Credit (as defined below). The initial fair value of MSRs, loan origination fees, gain on the sale of loans originated, certain direct loan origination costs for loans held for sale and the expenses related to the initial fair value of the servicing fee payable were recognized when

26




ACRE Capital committed to make a loan to a borrower. When ACRE Capital settled a sale agreement and transferred the mortgage loan to the buyer, ACRE Capital recognized a MSR asset equal to the present value of the expected net cash flows associated with the servicing of loans sold. Gains from mortgage banking activities are included within net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes, in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

Derivatives

Non-designated Hedges
 
Derivatives not designated as hedges were derivatives that did not meet the criteria for hedge accounting under GAAP or for which ACRE Capital had not elected to designate as hedges.
Loan commitments and forward sale commitments
 
ACRE Capital entered into loan commitments with borrowers on loan originations whereby the interest rate on the prospective loan was determined prior to funding. In general, ACRE Capital simultaneously entered into forward sale commitments with investors in order to hedge against the interest rate exposure on loan commitments. The forward sale commitment with the investor locked in an interest rate and price for the sale of the loan. The terms of the loan commitment with the borrower and the forward sale commitment with the investor were matched with the objective of hedging interest rate risk. Loan commitments and forward sale commitments were considered undesignated derivative instruments. Accordingly, such commitments, along with any related fees received from potential borrowers, were recorded at fair value, with changes in fair value recorded in earnings. For the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016, ACRE Capital entered into 30 and 49 loan commitments, respectively, and 30 and 49 forward sale commitments, respectively.
 
Income Tax

The Company established a TRS, TRS Holdings, in connection with the acquisition of ACRE Capital. TRS Holdings' income tax provision consisted of the following for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 ($ in thousands):

 
For the three months ended September 30, 2016
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016
Current
$
(804
)
 
$
(1,206
)
Deferred
1,367

 
2,049

   Total income tax expense
$
563

 
$
843


Deferred income taxes reflected the net tax effects of temporary differences between the carrying amounts of the assets and liabilities for financial reporting purposes and the amounts used for income tax purposes. TRS Holdings was not subject to tax in any foreign tax jurisdiction.

TRS Holdings recognized interest and penalties related to unrecognized tax benefits within net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes, in the Company’s consolidated statements of operations.

The following table is a reconciliation of TRS Holdings’ statutory U.S. federal income tax rate to TRS Holdings’ effective tax rate for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016:

 
For the three months ended September 30, 2016
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016
Federal statutory rate
35.0
 %
 
35.0
 %
State income taxes
4.4
 %
 
4.4
 %
Federal benefit of state tax deduction
(1.5
)%
 
(1.5
)%
Effective tax rate
37.9
 %
 
37.9
 %

As of September 30, 2017, tax years 2014 through 2016 remained subject to examination by taxing authorities. TRS Holdings did not have any unrecognized tax benefits.




27




Intercompany Notes

In connection with the acquisition of ACRE Capital, the Company partially capitalized TRS Holdings with a $44.0 million note. In October 2014, the Company entered into an $8.0 million revolving promissory note with TRS Holdings (collectively, the two intercompany notes described above are referred to as the “Intercompany Notes”). In connection with the ACRE Capital Sale, the Intercompany Notes were repaid in full with the proceeds from the sale on September 30, 2016. At the time of the closing of the ACRE Capital Sale, the outstanding principal balance of the Intercompany Notes was $51.9 million. The income statement effects of the Intercompany Notes were eliminated in consolidation for financial reporting purposes, but the interest income and expense from the Intercompany Notes affected the taxable income of the Company and TRS Holdings.
 
Related Party Transactions

The following table summarizes the related party costs incurred by the Company related to discontinued operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 ($ in thousands):

 
For the three months ended September 30, 2016
 
For the nine months ended September 30, 2016
Affiliate Payments
 
 
 
Management fees (1)
$
154

 
$
446

General and administrative expenses (1)
185

 
622

Direct costs (1)
35

 
68

   Total
$
374

 
$
1,136

______________________________________________________________________________

(1)
Management fees incurred are included in management fees to affiliate, general and administrative expenses incurred are included in general and administrative expenses reimbursed to affiliate and direct costs incurred are included in general and administrative expenses for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2016 in the reconciliation of net income from operations of discontinued operations, net of income taxes.

14.   SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

The Company’s management has evaluated subsequent events through the date of issuance of the consolidated financial statements included herein. There have been no subsequent events that occurred during such period that would require disclosure in this Form 10-Q or would be required to be recognized in the consolidated financial statements as of and for the nine months ended September 30, 2017, except as disclosed below.

On October 2, 2017, the Company entered into an amendment to its existing $125.0 million BAML Facility. The purpose of the amendment was to, among other things, decrease the interest rate on advances under the BAML Facility to a per annum rate equal to one-month LIBOR plus a spread of 2.00%.

On October 25, 2017, the Company originated a $19.2 million senior mortgage loan on a multifamily property located in Florida. At closing, the outstanding principal balance was approximately $18.3 million. The loan has a per annum interest rate of LIBOR plus 4.00% (plus fees) and an initial term of three years.

On November 1, 2017, the Company declared a cash dividend of $0.27 per common share for the fourth quarter of 2017. The fourth quarter 2017 dividend is payable on January 16, 2018 to common stockholders of record as of December 29, 2017.





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Item 2. Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
    
Some of the statements contained in this quarterly report constitute forward-looking statements, within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), and we intend such statements to be covered by the safe harbor provisions contained therein. The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and notes thereto appearing elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q. This description contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Actual results could differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements due to the factors set forth in “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q and in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016. In addition, some of the statements in this quarterly report (including in the following discussion) constitute forward-looking statements, which relate to future events or the future performance or financial condition of Ares Commercial Real Estate Corporation (“ACRE” and, together with its consolidated subsidiaries, the “Company,” “we,” “us” and “our”). The forward-looking statements contained in this report involve a number of risks and uncertainties, including statements concerning:
our business and investment strategy;

our projected operating results;

the return or impact of current and future investments;

the timing of cash flows, if any, from our investments;

estimates relating to our ability to make distributions to our stockholders in the future;

defaults by borrowers in paying amounts due on outstanding indebtedness and our ability to collect all amounts due according to the contractual terms of our investments;

our ability to obtain and maintain financing arrangements, including securitizations;

market conditions and our ability to access alternative debt markets and additional debt and equity capital;

the amount of commercial mortgage loans requiring refinancing;

our expected investment capacity and available capital;

financing and advance rates for our target investments;

our expected leverage;

changes in interest rates and the market value of our investments;

effects of hedging instruments on our target investments;

rates of default or decreased recovery rates on our target investments;

rates of prepayments on our mortgage loans and the effect on our business of such prepayments;

the degree to which our hedging strategies may or may not protect us from interest rate volatility;

availability of investment opportunities in mortgage-related and real estate-related investments and securities;

the ability of Ares Commercial Real Estate Management LLC (“ACREM” or our “Manager”) to locate suitable investments for us, monitor, service and administer our investments and execute our investment strategy;

allocation of investment opportunities to us by our Manager;

our ability to successfully identify, complete and integrate any acquisitions;


29




our ability to maintain our qualification as a real estate investment trust (“REIT”) for U.S. federal income tax purposes;

our ability to maintain our exemption from registration under the Investment Company Act of 1940 (the “1940 Act”);

our understanding of our competition;

general volatility of the securities markets in which we may invest;

adverse changes in the real estate, real estate capital and credit markets and the impact of a protracted decline in the liquidity of credit markets on our business;

changes in governmental regulations, tax law and rates, and similar matters (including interpretation thereof);

actions and initiatives of the U.S. Government and changes to U.S. Government policies;

the state of the U.S. economy generally or in specific geographic regions;

uncertainty surrounding the financial stability of the United States, European Union and China;

global economic trends and economic recoveries;

market trends in our industry, interest rates, real estate values, the debt securities markets or the general economy; and

our ability to redeploy the net proceeds from the sale of ACRE Capital Holdings LLC, the holding company that owned our mortgage banking subsidiary, ACRE Capital LLC (“ACRE Capital”).

We use words such as “anticipates,” “believes,” “expects,” “intends,” “will,” “should,” “may” and similar expressions to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those expressed in the forward-looking statements for any reason, including the factors set forth under “Risk Factors” and elsewhere in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended December 31, 2016 and elsewhere in this quarterly report on Form 10-Q.

We have based the forward-looking statements included in this quarterly report on information available to us on the date of this quarterly report, and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.

Overview

We are a specialty finance company primarily engaged in originating and investing in commercial real estate (“CRE”) loans and related investments. We are externally managed by ACREM, a subsidiary of Ares Management, L.P. (NYSE: ARES) (“Ares Management”), a publicly traded, leading global alternative asset manager, pursuant to the terms of the management agreement dated April 25, 2012, as amended, between us and our Manager (the “Management Agreement”). From the commencement of our operations in late 2011, we have been primarily focused on directly originating and managing a diversified portfolio of CRE debt-related investments for our own account.

We were formed and commenced operations in late 2011. We are a Maryland corporation and completed our initial public offering in May 2012. We have elected and qualified to be taxed as a REIT for U.S. federal income tax purposes under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, commencing with our taxable year ended December 31, 2012. We generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income taxes on our REIT taxable income, determined without regard to the deduction for dividends paid and excluding net capital gains, to the extent that we annually distribute all of our REIT taxable income to stockholders and comply with various other requirements as a REIT. We also operate our business in a manner that will permit us to maintain our exemption from registration under the 1940 Act.

We are an “emerging growth company,” as defined in the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012, or the JOBS Act, and we are eligible to take advantage of certain exemptions from various reporting requirements that are applicable to other public companies that are not “emerging growth companies.” In addition, Section 107 of the JOBS Act also provides that an “emerging growth company” can take advantage of the extended transition period provided in Section 7(a)(2)(B) of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”), for complying with new or revised accounting standards. However,

30




we chose to “opt out” of such extended transition period, and as a result, we will comply with new or revised accounting standards on the relevant dates on which adoption of such standards is required for non-emerging growth companies. Section 107 of the JOBS Act provides that our decision to opt out of the extended transition period for complying with new or revised accounting standards is irrevocable.

We could remain an “emerging growth company” for up to five years, or until the earliest of (i) the last day of the first fiscal year in which our annual gross revenues exceed $1.0 billion, (ii) the date that we become a “large accelerated filer” as defined in Rule 12b-2 under the Exchange Act which would occur if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of the last business day of our most recently completed second fiscal quarter, or (iii) the date on which we have issued more than $1.0 billion in non-convertible debt during the preceding three-year period. Unless any of the above criteria are met earlier, starting December 31, 2017, we will no longer be treated as an “emerging growth company.”

Developments During the Third Quarter of 2017:

ACRE originated an $18.1 million seni