t72163_10k.htm


UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
x
Annual report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the fiscal year ended:  September 30, 2011
 
or
o
Transition report pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the transition period from ______ to ______
 
Commission File Number: 001-34051
 
MALVERN FEDERAL BANCORP, INC.
(Exact name of Registrant as specified in its charter)
United States
 
38-3783478
(State or Other Jurisdiction of
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Incorporation or Organization)
 
Identification Number)
     
42 E. Lancaster Avenue, Paoli, Pennsylvania
 
19301
(Address of Principal Executive Offices)
 
(Zip Code)
 
Registrant’s telephone number, including area code: (610) 644-9400
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
 
Title of each class
 
Name of each exchange on which registered
Common Stock, $.01 par value per share
 
The NASDAQ Stock Market, LLC
 
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:  None
 
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.
YES o  NO x
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.
YES o  NO x
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.          YES x  NO o
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).          YES x  NO o
 
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of the Registrant’s knowledge in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer  o Accelerated filer  o
Non-accelerated filer  o Smaller reporting company x
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).          YES o  NO x
 
The aggregate market value of the 2,245,347 shares of the Registrant’s common stock held by non-affiliates, based upon the closing price of $8.72 for the common stock on March 31, 2011, reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market, was approximately $19.6 million.  Shares of common stock held by the registrant’s parent, Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company and its executive officers, directors and certain benefit plans have been excluded since such persons may be deemed to be affiliates.  This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
 
The number of shares of the Issuer’s common stock, par value $0.01 per share, outstanding as of December 19, 2011 was 6,102,500.
 
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
 
Portions of the definitive Proxy Statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated by reference into Part III, Items 10-14 of this Form 10-K.
 


 
 

 
 
MALVERN FEDERAL BANCORP, INC.
2011 ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

     
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i

 
Forward-Looking Statements
 
This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward looking statements (as defined in the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and the regulations hereunder).  Forward looking statements are not historical facts but instead represent only the beliefs, expectations or opinions of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and its management regarding future events, many of which, by their nature, are inherently uncertain. Forward looking statements may be identified by the use of such words as: “believe,” “expect,” “anticipate,” “intend,” “plan,” “estimate,” or words of similar meaning, or future or conditional terms such as “will,” “would,” “should,” “could,” “may,” “likely,” “probably,” or “possibly.” Forward looking statements include, but are not limited to, financial projections and estimates and their underlying assumptions; statements regarding plans, objectives and expectations with respect to future operations, products and services; and statements regarding future performance. Such statements are subject to certain risks, uncertainties and assumption, many of which are difficult to predict and generally are beyond the control of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and its management, that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed in, or implied or projected by, forward looking statements. The following factors, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from the anticipated results or other expectations expressed in the forward looking statements: (1) economic and competitive conditions which could affect the volume of loan originations, deposit flows and real estate values; (2) the levels of non-interest income and expense and the amount of loan losses; (3) competitive pressure among depository institutions increasing significantly; (4) changes in the interest rate environment causing reduced interest margins; (5) general economic conditions, either nationally or in the markets in which Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. is or will be doing business, being less favorable than expected;(6) political and social unrest, including acts of war or terrorism; or (7) legislation or changes in regulatory requirements adversely affecting the business in which Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. will be engaged. Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. undertakes no obligation to update these forward looking statements to reflect events or circumstances that occur after the date on which such statements were made.
 
As used in this report, unless the context otherwise requires, the terms “we,” “our,” “us,” or “the Company” refer to Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc., a Federal corporation, and the term the “Bank” refers to Malvern Federal Savings Bank, a federally chartered savings bank and wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.  In addition, unless the context otherwise requires, references to the operations of the Company include the operations of the Bank.
 
PART I
 
Item 1.  Business.
 
General
 
In 2008, Malvern Federal Savings Bank (“Malvern Federal Savings” or the “Bank”) completed its reorganization to the mutual holding company form of organization and formed Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) to serve as the stock holding company for the Bank.  In connection with the reorganization, the Company sold 2,645,575 shares of its common stock to certain members of the Bank and the public at a purchase price of $10.00 per share.  In addition, the Company issued 3,383,875 shares, or 55% of the outstanding shares, of its common stock to Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company, a federally chartered mutual holding company (the “Mutual Holding Company”), and contributed 123,050 shares (with a value of $1.2 million), or 2.0% of the then outstanding shares, to the Malvern Federal Charitable Foundation, a newly created Delaware charitable foundation.
 
The Company is a federally chartered corporation which owns all of the issued and outstanding shares of the Bank’s common stock, the only equity securities which the Bank has issued.  While the Company is authorized to pursue all activities permitted by applicable laws and regulations for savings and loan holding companies, the Company’s only business activity to date has been holding all of the outstanding common stock of Malvern Federal Savings.  The Company does not own or lease any property, but instead uses the premises, equipment and furniture of the Bank.  At the present time, the Company employs only persons who also are officers of Malvern Federal Savings to serve as officers of the Company.  The Company also uses the Bank’s support staff from time to time.  These persons are not separately compensated by the Company.
 
 
1

 
Malvern Federal Savings is a federally chartered community-oriented savings bank which was originally organized in 1887 and is headquartered in Paoli, Pennsylvania.  The Bank currently conducts its business from its headquarters and eight additional financial centers.
 
The Bank is primarily engaged in attracting deposits from the general public and using those funds to invest in loans and investment securities.  The Bank’s principal sources of funds are deposits, repayments of loans and investment securities, maturities of investments and interest-bearing deposits, other funds provided from operations and wholesale funds borrowed from outside sources such as the Federal Home Loan Bank (“FHLB”) of Pittsburgh.  These funds are primarily used for the origination of various loan types including single-family residential mortgage loans, commercial real estate mortgage loans, construction and development loans, home equity loans and lines of credit and other consumer loans.  The Bank derives its income principally from interest earned on loans, investment securities and, to a lesser extent, from fees received in connection with the origination of loans and for other services. Malvern Federal Savings’ primary expenses are interest expense on deposits and borrowings, provisions for loan losses, and general operating expenses.  Funds for activities are provided primarily by deposits, amortization of loans, loan prepayments and the maturity of loans, securities and other investments and other funds from operations.
 
Until recently, the Bank, the Company and the Mutual Holding Company were regulated by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “OTS”). As a result of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the OTS was eliminated and, as of July 21, 2011, the regulatory oversight functions and authority of the OTS related to the Bank were transferred to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”) and the regulatory oversight functions and authority of the OTS related to the Holding Company and Mutual Holding Company, which  are savings and loan holding companies, were transferred to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board” or the “FRB”). See “–Regulation - General” and “–Regulation - Recently Enacted Regulatory Reform.”
 
The Bank is an active originator of residential home mortgage loans in our market area.  Historically, Malvern Federal Savings was a traditional thrift with an emphasis on originating various residential loan products to hold in its portfolio.  Approximately eight years ago, we determined to shift the emphasis on the loan products we offer and increased our efforts to originate commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans and consumer loans.  We determined to originate greater amounts of commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans and consumer loans because we believed we could compete effectively as a niche lender in our market area for such loans given management’s knowledge of, and its extensive network of contacts in, the small to mid-sized businesses community in southeastern Pennsylvania.  In addition, commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans and consumer loans are deemed attractive due to their generally higher yields and shorter anticipated lives compared to single-family residential mortgage loans.  Given the increase in the level of our non-performing assets, in light of the increased risk represented by commercial real estate loans and construction and developments loans and due to regulatory constraints imposed by the OTS during fiscal 2010, we generally ceased originating any new commercial real estate loans and construction and development loans.
 
In October 2010, the Company, the Bank and the Mutual Holding Company entered into Supervisory Agreements (the “Supervisory Agreement(s)”) with the OTS.  As discussed above, the regulatory functions of the OTS have been transferred to the OCC, in the case of the Bank, and the FRB in the case of the Company and the Mutual Holding Company.  The agreements provide, among other things, that within specified time frames:
 
 
the Bank was required to submit an updated, comprehensive business plan to the OTS that, among other things, addressed the Bank’s strategy to improve core earnings, maintain appropriate levels of liquidity and achieve profitability on a consistent basis.  The Bank must submit quarterly reports to the OCC (and, previously, the OTS) regarding the Bank’s compliance with the plan. We submitted an updated business plan to the OTS in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement and continue to submit the quarterly reports to the OCC as required;
 
 
the Bank must ensure that its financial reports to the OCC (and, previously, the OTS) are accurately prepared and timely filed in accordance with applicable law, regulations and regulatory guidance;
 
 
2

 
 
the Bank was required to submit a written internal asset review and classification program to the OTS that, among other things, ensures the accurate and timely identification and classification of the Bank’s classified and criticized assets, and requires asset reviews for commercial real estate, construction and land development, multi-family and commercial loans by an independent third-party loan review consultant not less than every six months.  We submitted an internal asset review and classification program to the OTS in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement and are continuing to obtain the third-party loan reviews as required;
 
 
the Bank was required to submit to the OTS a detailed, written plan with targeted levels of the Bank’s problem assets (as defined), describing the Bank’s strategies to reduce the levels of its problem assets to the targeted levels and the development of specific workout plans for problem assets in the amount of $500,000 or more and it must submit quarterly asset reports to the OCC (and, previously, the OTS) regarding, among other things, its compliance with such plans. The original plan addressing the levels of the Bank’s problem assets was submitted to the OTS in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement and we are continuing to submit the quarterly reports as required;
 
 
the Bank was required to revise its policies, procedures and methodologies relating to the allowance for loan and lease losses (“ALLL”) to be in compliance with all applicable laws, regulations and regulatory guidance, and it must provide for a quarterly independent third-party review and validation of its ALLL. The Bank has revised its policies, procedures and methodologies relating to ALLL and submitted them to the OTS in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement and we are continuing to obtain the third-party ALLL reviews as required;
 
 
the Bank was required to submit to the OTS a written program of its policies and procedures for identifying, monitoring and controlling risks associated with concentrations of commercial real estate credit which, among other things, establishes comprehensive concentration limits, provides for specific review procedures and reporting requirements to identify, monitor and control risks associated with concentrations of credit and contain a written action plan, with specific time frames, for bringing the Bank into compliance with its concentration of credit limits. The policies and procedures for identifying, monitoring and controlling risks associated with concentrations of commercial real estate credit were submitted to the OTS in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement;
 
 
the Bank may not make, invest in, or purchase any new commercial real estate loans and/or commercial and industrial loans without the prior written non-objection of the OCC (and, previously, the OTS), other than with respect to any refinancing, extension or modification of an existing commercial real estate or commercial and industrial loan where no new funds are advanced;
 
 
the Bank was required to develop and implement an information technology policy.  The information technology policy has been developed and is being implemented in accordance with the terms of the Supervisory Agreement;
 
 
the Company and the Mutual Holding Company are prohibited from declaring or paying dividends or making any other capital distributions (as defined) without receiving the prior written approval of the FRB (and, previously, the OTS); and
 
 
the Company and the Mutual Holding Company are required to ensure the Bank’s compliance with its Supervisory Agreement.
 
As a result of the Supervisory Agreement with Malvern Federal Savings, the Bank is subject to certain additional restrictions pursuant to regulations of the OTS, including the following:
 
 
The Bank must limit its asset growth in any quarter to an amount which does not exceed the net interest credited on deposit liabilities during the quarter, unless otherwise permitted by the OCC (and, previously, the OTS);
 
 
3

 
 
The Bank is required to provide the OCC (and, previously, the OTS) with prior notice of any new director or senior executive officer;
 
 
The Bank is restricted from making any “golden parachute payments,” as defined;
 
 
The Bank may not enter into, renew, extend or revise any contractual arrangements related to compensation or benefits with any director or officer without receiving prior written non-objection from the OCC (and, previously, the OTS);
 
 
The Bank may not declare or pay any dividends or make other capital distributions without the prior written approval of the OCC (and, previously, the OTS);
 
 
The Bank’s ability to engage in transactions with affiliates, as defined, is restricted; and
 
 
The Bank may not engage in the use of brokered deposits without the prior written non-objection of the OCC (and, previously, the OTS).
 
Our headquarters is located at 42 East Lancaster Avenue, Paoli, Pennsylvania, and our telephone number is (610) 644-9400.  We maintain a website at www.malvernfederal.com and we provide our customers with on-line banking and telephone banking services.  The Company’s annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and other documents filed by the Company with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) are available free of charge on the Company’s website under the Investor Relations menu.  Such documents are available on the Company’s website as soon as reasonably practicable after they have been filed electronically with the SEC.  The information presented on our website, currently and in the future, is not considered to be part of this document, or any document, incorporated by reference in this document.
 
Market Area and Competition
 
We conduct business from our headquarters and eight financial centers located throughout Chester and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania.  Our headquarters office is in Paoli, Pennsylvania, approximately 25 miles west of the City of Philadelphia.  In addition to Chester County, our lending efforts are focused in neighboring Montgomery County and Delaware County, both of which are also in southeastern Pennsylvania.  To a lesser extent, we provide services to other areas in the greater Philadelphia market area.
 
We face significant competition in originating loans and attracting deposits.  This competition stems primarily from commercial banks, other savings banks and savings associations and mortgage-banking companies.  Within our market area, we estimate that more than 76 other banks, credit unions and savings institutions are operating.  We face additional competition for deposits from short-term money market funds and other corporate and government securities funds, mutual funds and from other non-depository financial institutions such as brokerage firms and insurance companies.
 
Lending Activities
 
General.  At September 30, 2011, our net loan portfolio totaled $506.0 million or 75.9% of total assets.  Historically, our principal lending activity has been the origination of loans collateralized by one- to four-family, also known as “single-family” residential real estate loans located in our market area. During fiscal 2010, we discontinued, with certain exceptions, the origination of any new commercial real estate loans and construction and development loans, but we continue to be an originator of consumer loan products. Our consumer loans consist primarily of home equity loans, second mortgage loans and lines of credit.  Pursuant to the terms of the Supervisory Agreement, we may not make, invest in or purchase any new commercial real estate loans and/or commercial and industrial loans without the prior written non-objection of the OCC, other than with respect to any refinancing, extension or modification of an existing commercial real estate or commercial and industrial loan where no new funds are advanced.
 
 
4

 
The types of loans that we originate are subject to federal and state law and regulations.  Interest rates charged by us on loans are affected principally by the demand for such loans and the supply of money available for lending purposes and the rates offered by our competitors.  These factors are, in turn, affected by general and economic conditions, the monetary policy of the federal government, including the Federal Reserve Board, legislative tax policies and governmental budgetary matters.
 
 
5

 
Loan Portfolio Composition.  The following table shows the composition of our loan portfolio by type of loan at the dates indicated.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                                                             
Residential mortgage(1)
  $ 229,330       44.7 %   $ 230,966       41.8 %   $ 252,308       42.4 %   $ 248,118       43.3 %   $ 193,460       40.4 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                               
Residential and commercial
    26,005       5.0       30,429       5.5       37,508       6.3       45,451       7.9       58,870       12.4  
Land loans
    2,722       0.6       2,989       0.6       3,237       0.6       4,530       0.8       6,665       1.4  
Total construction and
development loans
    28,727       5.6       33,418       6.1       40,745       6.9       49,981       8.7       65,535       13.8  
Commercial:
                                                                               
Commercial real estate
    131,225       25.5       143,095       25.9       142,863       24.0       138,522       24.2       108,500       22.7  
Multi-family
    5,507       1.1       6,493       1.2       9,613       1.6       1,906       0.3       2,257       0.5  
Other
    10,992       2.1       11,398       2.1       15,647       2.6       17,260       3.0       15,767       3.3  
Total commercial loans
    147,724       28.7       160,986       29.2       168,123       28.2       157,688       27.5       126,524       26.5  
Consumer:
                                                                               
Home equity lines of credit
    20,735       4.0       19,927       3.6       19,149       3.2       12,393       2.2       11,811       2.5  
Second mortgages
    85,881       16.8       105,825       19.1       113,943       19.1       103,741       18.1       78,733       16.5  
Other
    788       0.2       1,086       0.2       1,143       0.2       1,304       0.2       1,525       0.3  
Total consumer loans
    107,404       21.0       126,838       22.9       134,235       22.5       117,438       20.5       92,069       19.3  
Total loans
    513,185       100.0 %     552,208       100.0 %     595,411       100.0 %     573,225       100.0 %     477,588       100.0 %
                                                                                 
Deferred loan costs, net
    2,935               3,272               3,872               3,816               2,404          
Allowance for loan losses
    (10,101 )             (8,157 )             (5,718 )             (5,505 )             (4,541 )        
Loans receivable, net
  $ 506,019             $ 547,323             $ 593,565             $ 571,536             $ 475,451          
 

(1)
Includes $9.3 million of loans held for sale at September 30, 2007.
 
 
The following table shows the composition of our loan portfolio by fixed- and adjustable-rate at the dates indicated.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
   
Amount
   
Percent
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Fixed-Rate Loans:
                                                           
Residential mortgage(1)
  $ 211,405       41.2 %   $ 201,285       36.4 %   $ 227,712       38.2 %   $ 218,214       38.1 %   $ 163,463       34.2 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                               
Residential and commercial
    4,250       0.8       968       0.2       5,382       0.9       4,505       0.8       8,626       1.8  
Land loans
    1,376       0.3       1,312       0.3       1,558       0.3       1,575       0.2       1,591       0.3  
Total fixed-rate construction and development loans
    5,626       1.1       2,280       0.5       6,940       1.2       6,080       1.0       10,217       2.1  
Commercial:
                                                                               
Commercial real estate
    40,231       7.8       40,833       7.4       56,126       9.4       52,406       9.1       35,053       7.4  
Multi-family
    932       0.2       950       0.2       3,519       0.6       --       --       --       --  
Other
    1,643       0.3       1,733       0.3       3,798       0.6       4,441       0.8       3,847       0.8  
Total fixed-rate commercial loans
    42,806       8.3       43,516       7.9       63,443       10.6       56,847       9.9       38,900       8.2  
Consumer:
                                                                               
Home equity lines of credit
    --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --  
Second mortgages
    85,881       16.8       105,825       19.1       113,943       19.1       103,741       18.1       78,706       16.5  
Other
    552       0.1       822       0.1       867       0.2       960       0.2       1,097       0.2  
Total fixed-rate consumer loans
    86,433       16.9       106,647       19.2       114,810       19.3       104,701       18.3       79,803       16.7  
Total fixed-rate loans
  $ 346,270       67.5     $ 353,728       64.0     $ 412,905       69.3     $ 385,842       67.3     $ 292,383       61.2  
Adjustable-Rate Loans:
                                                                               
Residential mortgage
  $ 17,925       3.5 %   $ 29,681       5.4 %   $ 24,596       4.1 %   $ 29,904       5.2 %   $ 29,998       6.3 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                               
Residential and commercial
    21,755       4.2       29,461       5.3       32,126       5.4       40,946       7.1       50,244       10.5  
Land loans
    1,346       0.3       1,677       0.3       1,679       0.3       2,955       0.5       5,074       1.1  
Total adjustable-rate construction and development loans
    23,101       4.5       38,138       5.6       33,805       5.7       43,901       7.6       55,318       11.6  
   Commercial:
                                                                               
Commercial real estate
    90,994       17.7       102,262       18.5       86,737       14.6       86,116       15.0       73,448       15.4  
Multi-family
    4,575       0.9       5,543       1.0       6,094       1.0       1,906       0.4       2,257       0.5  
Other
    9,349       1.8       9,665       1.8       11,849       2.0       12,819       2.2       11,920       2.5  
Total adjustable-rate commercial loans
    104,918       20.4       117,470       21.3       104,680       17.6       100,841       17.6       87,625       18.4  
Consumer:
                                                                               
Home equity lines of credit
    20,735       4.0       19,927       3.6       19,149       3.2       12,393       2.2       11,811       2.4  
Second mortgages
    --       --       --       --       --       --       --       --       26       --  
Other
    236       0.1       264       0.1       276       0.1       344       0.1       427       0.1  
Total adjustable-rate consumer loans
    20,971       4.1       20,191       3.7       19,425       3.3       12,737       2.3       12,264       2.5  
Total adjustable-rate loans
  $ 166,915       32.5 %   $ 198,480       36.0 %   $ 182,506       30.7 %   $ 187,383       32.7 %   $ 185,205       38.8 %
Total loans(1)
  $ 513,185       100.0 %   $ 552,208       100.0 %   $ 595,411       100.0 %   $ 573,225       100.0 %   $ 477,588       100.0 %
 

(1)
Includes $9.3 million of fixed-rate, single-family residential loans held for sale at September 30, 2007.
 
 
Loan Maturity. The following table presents the contractual maturity of our loans at September 30, 2011.  The table does not include the effect of prepayments or scheduled principals amortization.  Loans having no stated repayment schedule or maturity and overdraft loans are reported as being due in one year or less.
           
Construction and Development
     
Commercial
     
Consumer
       
     
Residential Mortgage
     
Residential and Commercial
     
Land
Loans
     
Commercial Real Estate
     
Multi-family
     
Other
   
Home Equity Lines of Credit
     
Second Mortgages
     
Other
     
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Amounts due in:
                                                           
                                                             
One year or less
  $ 190     $ 14,713     $ 1,662     $ 7,089     $ -     $ 1,118     $ 300     $ 105     $ 26     $ 25,203  
After one year
through two years
    669       -       -       3,209       200       332       -       378       132       4,920  
After two years through three years
    1,212       -       -       5,338       -       1,568       -       584       203       8,905  
After three years
through five years
    4,276       3,754       928       25,416       932       141       72       1,831       179       37,529  
After five years
through ten years
    30,511       6,693       132       70,045       3,813       3,753       -       14,121       -       129,068  
After ten years
through fifteen years
    33,146       -       -       8,606       -       2,139       5,189       27,357       6       76,443  
Beyond fifteen years
    159,326       845       -       11,522       562       1,941       15,174       41,505       242       231,117  
Total
  $ 229,330     $ 26,005     $ 2,722     $ 131,225     $ 5,507     $ 10,992     $ 20,735     $ 85,881     $ 788     $ 513,185  
Interest rate terms on amounts due after
one year:
                                                                               
Fixed rate
  $ 211,214     $ 4,251     $ 530     $ 39,056     $ 932     $ 1,636     $ -     $ 85,776     $ 526     $ 343,921  
Adjustable rate
    17,926       7,041       530       85,080       4,575       8,238       20,435       -       236       144,061  
Total
  $ 229,140     $ 11,292     $ 1,060     $ 124,136     $ 5,507     $ 9,874     $ 20,435     $ 85,776     $ 762     $ 487,982  
 
 
Loan Originations, Purchases and Sales.  Our lending activities are subject to underwriting standards and loan origination procedures established by our board of directors and management.  Loan originations are obtained through a variety of sources, primarily existing customers as well as new customers obtained from referrals and local advertising and promotional efforts.  In addition, we rely on a network of approximately ten mortgage brokers with respect to production of new single-family residential mortgage loans, second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit.  We receive applications from such brokers on standardized documents meeting Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation (“FHLMC” or “Freddie Mac”) and Federal National Mortgage Association (“FNMA” or “Fannie Mae”) guidelines and, if we determine to acquire loans from such brokers, they are underwritten and approved pursuant to the policies and procedures of Malvern Federal Savings Bank.  Depending upon our arrangements with the particular broker, loans obtained from our broker network are classified either as “purchased,” when the broker provides the loan funds at closing and closes the loan in its name, or as “originated,” when Malvern Federal Savings Bank disburses the loan funds at closing and the documents reflect the Bank as the lender.  Single-family residential mortgage loan applications and consumer loan applications are taken at any Malvern Federal Savings Bank branch office.  We also accept internet applications submitted to our website.  Applications for other loans typically are taken personally by our loan officers or business development officers, although they may be received by a branch office initially and then referred to one of our loan officers or business development officers.  All loan applications are processed and underwritten centrally at our main office.
 
All of our single-family residential mortgage loans are written on standardized documents used by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.  We also utilize an automated loan processing and underwriting software system for our new single-family residential mortgage loans.  Property valuations of loans secured by real estate are undertaken by an independent third-party appraiser approved by our board of directors.  We do not originate, and at September 30, 2011 we had no, sub-prime loans in our portfolio.
 
In addition to originating loans, we occasionally purchase participation interests in larger balance loans, typically commercial real estate or construction and development loans, from other financial institutions in our market area.  Such participations are reviewed for compliance with our underwriting criteria before they are purchased.  We actively monitor the performance of such loans through the receipt of regular reports from the lead lender regarding the loan’s performance, physically inspecting the loan security property on a periodic basis, discussing the loan with the lead lender on a regular basis and receiving copies of updated financial statements from the borrower.  At September 30, 2011, the largest loan participation interests from other institutions were comprised of seven loans to three borrowers and their affiliates, which had an outstanding balance of approximately $9.9 million.  Of those seven loans, four construction and development loans to three borrowers and their affiliates, which had an aggregate outstanding balance on our books of $5.2 million at September 30, 2011, were impaired and on non-accrual status at such date.  See “Asset Quality – Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned.”
 
 
In addition, we also occasionally sell whole loans or participation interests in loans we originate.  We generally have sold participation interests in loans only when a loan would exceed our loans-to-one borrower limits.  Our loans-to-one borrower limit, with certain exceptions, generally is 15% of the Bank’s unimpaired capital and surplus.  At September 30, 2011, our five largest outstanding loans to one borrower and related entities amounted to $9.0 million, $8.5 million, $8.4 million, $6.9 million and $5.6 million, respectively, and all of such loans were performing in accordance with their terms and complied with our loan to one borrower limit.  In addition, in an effort to improve our interest rate risk exposure, on occasion, we sell long-term (20 or 30 year term) fixed-rate single family residential mortgage loans to Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae while retaining the loan servicing rights for such loans.  We receive a fee for continuing to service such loans when they are sold, and such fees are recorded as non-interest income.
 
The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into residential loans, construction and development loans, commercial loans and consumer loans.  The residential loan segment has one class, one- to four-family first lien residential mortgage loans. The construction and development loan segment consists of the following classes: residential and commercial and land loans. Residential construction loans are made for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built. Commercial construction loans are made for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing a commercial use structure.  The commercial loan segment consists of the following classes: commercial real estate loans, multi-family real estate loans, and other commercial loans, which are also generally known as commercial and industrial loans or commercial business loans. The consumer loan segment consists of the following classes: home equity lines of credit, second mortgage loans and other consumer loans, primarily unsecured consumer lines of credit.
 
 
The following table shows our loan origination, purchase and repayment activities for the periods indicated.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total gross loans at beginning of period
  $ 552,208     $ 595,411     $ 573,225  
Originations by type:
                       
Residential mortgage
    35,378       26,422       37,842  
Construction and Development:
                       
Residential and commercial
    3,890       7,250       16,015  
Land loans
    36       40       318  
Commercial:
                       
Commercial real estate
    3,146       28,354       32,494  
Multi-family
    494       45       10,431  
Other
    3,426       3,836       5,105  
Consumer:
                       
Home equity lines of credit
    11,289       10,965       19,309  
Second mortgages
    6,719       6,952       6,103  
Other
    608       1,139       884  
Total originations
    64,986       85,003       128,501  
Principal Repayments:
                       
Residential mortgage
    54,691       53,338       59,838  
Construction and Development:
                       
Residential and commercial
    7,750       13,244       23,763  
Land loans
    235       287       1,612  
Commercial:
                       
Commercial real estate
    7,387       25,519       24,167  
Multi-family
    1,335       3,095       2,727  
Other
    3,542       8,063       6,696  
Consumer:
                       
Home equity lines of credit
    10,034       10,313       12,595  
Second mortgages
    28,848       25,935       27,250  
Other
    882       1,196       1,044  
Total principal repayments
    114,704       140,990       159,692  
Net loan originations and principal repayments
    (49,718 )     (55,987 )     (31,191 )
Purchases:
                       
Residential mortgage(1)
    27,683       10,130       28,293  
Construction and Development:
                       
Residential and commercial
    125       -       -  
Consumer:
                       
Home equity lines of credit
    -       131       58  
Second mortgages
    4,560       11,098       31,964  
Total purchased
    32,368       21,359       60,315  
Sales:
                       
Residential mortgage
    -       -       -  
Construction and Development:
                       
Residential and commercial
    -       -       -  
Other adjustments, net(2)
    (21,673 )     (8,575 )     (6,938 )
Net increase (decrease)
    (39,023 )     (43,203 )     22,186  
Total gross loans at end of period
  $ 513,185     $ 552,208     $ 595,411  
 

(1) Includes purchases of loans from our network of loan brokers.
                       
(2) Reflects non-cash items related to transfers of loans to other real estate owned, recoveries and charge-offs.
 
 
 
Residential Lending.  Residential mortgage originations are secured primarily by properties located in the Company’s primary market area and surrounding areas. At September 30, 2011, $229.3 million, or 44.7%, of our total loans consisted of single-family residential mortgage loans.
 
Our single-family residential mortgage loans generally are underwritten on terms and documentation conforming to guidelines issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.  Applications for one- to four-family residential mortgage loans are taken by our Business Development Officer and are accepted at any of our banking offices and are then referred to the lending department at our main office in order to process the loan, which consists primarily of obtaining all documents required by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae underwriting standards, and completing the underwriting, which includes making a determination whether the loan meets our underwriting standards such that the Bank can extend a loan commitment to the customer.  We generally have retained for portfolio a substantial portion of the single-family residential mortgage loans that we originate.  We currently originate fixed-rate, fully amortizing mortgage loans with maturities of 15 to 30 years.  We also offer adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans where the interest rate either adjusts on an annual basis or is fixed for the initial one, three or five years and then adjusts annually.  However, due to local market conditions, we have not originated a significant amount of ARM loans in recent years.  At September 30, 2011, $17.9 million, or 7.8%, of our one- to four-family residential loans consisted of ARM loans.  We also offer “balloon” loans which are amortized on a 30 year schedule but become due at the fifth or seventh anniversary, bi-weekly mortgage loans and, until August 2008, for borrowers with credit scores exceeding 700, no income/no asset (“NINA”) loans.  Our NINA loans amounted to $2.4 million in the aggregate at September 30, 2011.  One NINA loan with an outstanding balance of $506,000 at September 30, 2011, was impaired and on non-accrual status at such date.
 
We underwrite one- to four-family residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of up to 95%, provided that the borrower obtains private mortgage insurance on loans that exceed 80% of the appraised value or sales price, whichever is less, of the secured property.  We also require that title insurance, hazard insurance and, if appropriate, flood insurance be maintained on all properties securing real estate loans.  We require that a licensed appraiser from our list of approved appraisers perform and submit to us an appraisal on all properties secured by a first mortgage on one- to four-family first mortgage loans.  Our mortgage loans generally include due-on-sale clauses which provide us with the contractual right to deem the loan immediately due and payable in the event the borrower transfers ownership of the property.  Due-on-sale clauses are an important means of adjusting the yields of fixed-rate mortgage loans in portfolio and we generally exercise our rights under these clauses.
 
Construction and Development Loans. During fiscal 2010, we generally ceased originating any new construction and development loans.  Previously, we originated construction loans for residential and, to a lesser extent, commercial uses within its market area.  We generally limited construction loans to builders and developers with whom we had an established relationship, or who were otherwise known to officers of the Bank. The amount of our outstanding construction and development loans decreased to $28.7 million or 5.6% of total loans at September 30, 2011 from $33.4 million or 6.1% of total loans as of September 30, 2010. Our construction and development loans currently in the portfolio typically have variable rates of interest tied to the prime rate which improves the interest rate sensitivity of our loan portfolio.  At September 30, 2011, approximately 80.4% of our construction loans had variable rates of interest and 57.0% of such loans had two years or less in their remaining terms to maturity at such date.
 
Our current portfolio of construction loans generally have a maximum term to maturity of one year (for individual, owner-occupied dwellings), and loan-to-value ratios less than 80%. Residential construction loans to developers are made on either a pre-sold or speculative (unsold) basis. Limits are placed on the number of units that can be built on a speculative basis based upon the reputation and financial position of the builder, his/her present obligations, the location of the property and prior sales in the development and the surrounding area. Generally a limit of two unsold homes (one model home and one speculative home) is placed per project.
 
Prior to committing to a construction loan, we required that an independent appraiser prepare an appraisal of the property.  Each project also was reviewed and inspected at its inception and prior to every disbursement of loan proceeds. Disbursements are made after inspections based upon a percentage of project completion. Monthly payment of interest is required on all construction loans and we often established interest reserves on construction loans to developers, which helped ensure interest payments are received during the construction period.
 
 
We also made construction loans for the acquisition and development of land for sale (i.e. roads, sewer and water lines).  We typically made these loans only in conjunction with a commitment for a construction loan for the units to be built on the site. These loans are secured by a lien on the property and were limited to a loan-to-value ratio not exceeding 80% of the appraised value at the time of origination. The loans have a variable rate of interest and require monthly payments of interest. The principal of the loan is repaid as units are sold and released.  We limited loans of this type to our market area and to developers with whom we had established relationships. In most cases, we also obtained personal guarantees from the borrowers.
 
Our loan portfolio included $2.7 million loans secured by unimproved real estate and lots (“land loans”), constituting 0.6% of total loans at September 30, 2011.  As previously indicated, we generally have ceased making any new land loans. Our three largest land loans, with outstanding balances of $762,000, $635,000 and $530,000, respectively, at September 30, 2011, comprised 70.8% of our land loans at such date.  These loans are to local developers for the purpose of acquiring raw land in Chester County, Pennsylvania, subdividing and improving such land and then selling the developed lots to nationally known homebuilders.  These loans have performed in accordance with their terms since their originations in 2005 and 2004, respectively.  We had no non-performing land loans at September 30, 2011. Two land loans in the aggregate amount of $1.2 million were classified as substandard at September 30, 2011.
 
Our construction and development loans also include loans made to consumers for the construction of their individual homes underwritten on a construction/permanent basis.  During the initial or construction phase, these loans require payment of interest only, which generally is tied to prime rate, as the home is being constructed.  Upon the earlier of the completion of construction or one year, these loans automatically convert to long-term (generally 30 years), amortizing, fixed-rate single-family mortgage loans.
 
Construction and development loans generally are considered to involve a higher level of risk than one-to four-family residential lending, due to the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers and the effect of economic conditions on developers, builders and projects. At September 30, 2011, the amounts outstanding on our five largest residential construction loans were approximately $1.4 million, $1.1 million, $1.1 million, $706,000 and $639,000.  At September 30, 2011, the amounts outstanding on our five largest commercial construction or development loans were $3.5 million, $3.3 million, $3.0 million, $2.0 million and $1.1 million.  The average size of our construction loans was approximately $619,000 at September 30, 2011.  Additional risk is also associated with construction lending because of the inherent difficulty in estimating both a property’s value at completion and the estimated cost (including interest) to complete a project. The nature of these loans is such that they are more difficult to evaluate and monitor. In addition, speculative construction loans to a builder are not pre-sold and thus pose a greater potential risk than construction loans to individuals on their personal residences.
 
In order to mitigate some of the risks inherent to construction lending, we inspect properties under construction, review construction progress prior to advancing funds, work with builders with whom we have established relationships, require annual updating of tax returns and other financial data of developers and obtain personal guarantees from the principals.  At September 30, 2011, $1.7 million, or 16.6%, of our allowance for loan losses was attributed to construction and development loans.  Our non-performing construction and development loans amounted to $6.6 million at September 30, 2011 compared to $1.4 million at September 30, 2010.  During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011, we charged off a total of $1.3 million in construction and development loans including an $800,000 partial charge-off on a $3.0 million participation interest in two construction and development loans for the construction of 64 units of a proposed 198 unit age-restricted condominium community located in Delaware County. The remaining carrying value on such participation interest at September 30, 2011 was $1.9 million. In addition, we took a $400,000 partial charge-off on a $2.4 million participation interest in a construction and development loan for the development of commercial and mixed use facilities on approximately 40 acres located in Mount Laurel, New Jersey reducing our carrying value to $2.0 million at September 30, 2011.   See “Asset Quality – Non-Performing Assets and Real Estate Owned.”  In addition to our non-performing construction and development loans, at September 30, 2011 and 2010, we had $1.2 million in construction and development loans that were performing troubled debt restructurings.
 
 
Commercial Lending.  During fiscal 2010, the Company generally ceased originating new commercial real estate, multi-family real estate mortgage loans, or commercial business loans and we are no longer purchasing whole loans or participation interests in commercial loans from other financial institutions.  The Supervisory Agreement, which became effective in October 2010, prohibits the Bank from originating or purchasing any new commercial real estate loans or commercial and industrial loans except for refinancing, extending or modifying existing loans where no new funds are advanced and except with the prior written non-objection of the OCC.
 
Commercial and multi-family real estate loans generally present a higher level of risk than loans secured by one- to four-family residences.  This greater risk is due to several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effect of general economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans.  Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by commercial and multi-family real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project.  If the cash flow from the project is reduced (for example, if leases are not obtained or renewed, or a bankruptcy court modifies a lease term, or a major tenant is unable to fulfill its lease obligations), the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired.
 
At September 30, 2011, our loans secured by commercial real estate amounted to $131.2 million and constituted 25.5% of our total loans at such date.  During the year ended September 30, 2011, the commercial real estate loan portfolio decreased by $11.9 million, or 8.3% due primarily to our ceasing, with certain exceptions, originations of new commercial real estate loans.  As previously indicated, the Supervisory Agreement executed in October 2010 prevents us from making, investing in or purchasing any new multi-family residential loans, commercial real estate loans and/or commercial and industrial loans without the prior written non-objection of the OCC (or, prior to July 21, 2011, the OTS), other than with respect to any refinancing, extension or modification of an existing loan where no new funds are advanced.  In addition to loan payoffs and normal amortization, the reduction of our commercial loan portfolio during fiscal 2011 reflects charge-offs of $2.5 million of commercial real estate loans and the transfer of $6.5 million in commercial real estate loans to other real estate owned (“REO”) during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011.
 
Our commercial real estate loan portfolio consists primarily of loans secured by office buildings, retail and industrial use buildings, strip shopping centers, mixed-use and other properties used for commercial purposes located in its market area.  Loans in our commercial real estate portfolio tend to be in an amount less than $3.0 million but will occasionally exceed that amount. At September 30, 2011, the average amount outstanding on our commercial real estate loans was $442,000.  The five largest commercial real estate loans outstanding were $7.6 million, $5.5 million, $4.5 million, $4.5 million and $4.3 million at September 30, 2011. During the year ended September 30, 2011, the average yield on our commercial real estate loans was 5.8% compared to 5.3% for our single-family residential mortgage loans.  Commercial real estate loans are much more likely to have adjustable interest rates than single-family residential mortgage loans, which adds to the interest rate sensitivity of commercial real estate loans and makes them attractive.  At September 30, 2011, approximately 69.3% of our commercial real estate loans had adjustable interest rates compared to 7.8% of our single-family residential mortgage loans with adjustable rates at such date.
 
Although terms for commercial real estate and multi-family loans vary, our underwriting standards generally allow for terms up to 10 years with the interest rate being reset in the fifth year and with monthly amortization not greater than 25 years loan and loan-to-value ratios of not more than 75%. Interest rates are either fixed or adjustable, based upon the prime rate plus a margin, and fees ranging from 0.5% to 1.50% are charged to the borrower at the origination of the loan.  Prepayment fees are charged on most loans in the event of early repayment. Generally, we obtain personal guarantees of the principals as additional collateral for commercial real estate and multi-family real estate loans.
 
At September 30, 2011, our loan portfolio included $5.5 million of multi-family (more than four units) loans, constituting 1.1% of our total loans at such date.  The two largest multi-family loans, with outstanding balances of $1.9 million and $932,000, respectively, at September 30, 2011, comprised 51.4% of our multi-family loans at such date.  These loans are for properties located in Chester County and Delaware County, Pennsylvania, respectively.  As of September 30, 2011 we had no non-accruing multi-family loans. All the multi-family loans have performed in accordance with their terms, although one additional multi-family loan, with an outstanding balance of $597,000, was classified as substandard as of September 30, 2011.
 
 
Commercial and multi-family real estate loans generally present a higher level of risk than loans secured by one- to four-family residences.  This greater risk is due to several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effect of general economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans.  Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by commercial and multi-family real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project.  If the cash flow from the project is reduced (for example, if leases are not obtained or renewed, a bankruptcy court modifies a lease term, or a major tenant is unable to fulfill its lease obligations), the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired.  As of September 30, 2011, $1.8 million or 1.4% of our commercial real estate mortgage loans were on non-accrual status and an aggregate of $16.3 million of our commercial real estate loans at such date were classified for regulatory reporting purposes with $16.1 million classified substandard and $225,000 classified doubtful.  See “Asset Quality – Asset Classification.”  As of September 30, 2011, $4.2 million, or 41.4% of our allowance for loan losses was allocated to commercial real estate mortgage loans.  In addition, at September 30, 2011 we held $4.4 million of commercial real estate as real estate owned.  See “Asset Quality – Non-Performing Assets and Real Estate Owned.”  During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011, we charged off an aggregate of $2.5 million in commercial real estate loans.  In addition to our non-performing commercial real estate loans and commercial real estate owned, we had $7.9 million and $7.7 million of commercial real estate loans deemed performing troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
At September 30, 2011, we had $11.0 million in commercial business loans (2.1% of gross loans outstanding). Our commercial business loans generally are made to small to mid-sized businesses located in our market area.  The commercial business loans in our portfolio assist us in our asset/liability management since they generally provide shorter maturities and/or adjustable rates of interest in addition to generally having higher rates of return which are designed to compensate for the additional credit risk associated with these loans. The commercial business loans which we originated may be either a revolving line of credit or for a fixed term of generally 10 years or less. Interest rates are adjustable, indexed to a published prime rate of interest, or fixed. Generally, equipment, machinery, real property or other corporate assets secure such loans. Personal guarantees from the business principals are generally obtained as additional collateral.  At September 30, 2011, the average balance of our commercial business loans was $204,000.  As previously indicated, the Supervisory Agreement prevents us from making, investing in or purchasing any new commercial business loans (which are referred to as commercial and industrial loans in such agreement) without the prior written non-objection of the OTS (now, the OCC), other than with respect to any refinancing, extension or modification of an existing loan where no new funds are advanced.
 
Generally, commercial business loans are characterized as having higher risks associated with them than single-family residential mortgage loans.  As of September 30, 2011, we had two non-accruing commercial business loans with an aggregate balance of $229,000. At such date, $317,000 or 3.1% of the allowance for loan losses was allocated to commercial business loans.  During the past five fiscal years, we have charged off an aggregate of $282,000 of commercial business loans.
 
Prior to our cessation of new originations of commercial real estate, multi-family residential and commercial business loans, various aspects of a commercial real estate, multi-family loan and commercial business loan transactions were evaluated in an effort to mitigate the additional risk in these types of loans. In our underwriting procedures, consideration was given to the stability of the property’s cash flow history, future operating projections, current and projected occupancy levels, location and physical condition. Generally, our practice in recent periods was to impose a debt service ratio (the ratio of net cash flows from operations before the payment of debt service to debt service) of not less than 125%.  We also would evaluate the credit and financial condition of the borrower, and if applicable, the guarantor. Appraisal reports prepared by independent appraisers are obtained on each loan to substantiate the property’s market value, and are reviewed by us prior to the closing of the loan.
 
 
Consumer Lending Activities. In our efforts to provide a full range of financial services to our customers, we offer various types of consumer loans.  Our consumer loans amounted to $107.4 million or 21.0% of our total loan portfolio at September 30, 2011.  The largest components of our consumer loans are loans secured by second mortgages, consisting primarily of home equity loans, which amounted to $85.9 million at September 30, 2011, and home equity lines of credit, which amounted to $20.7 million at such date.  Our consumer loans also include automobile loans, unsecured personal loans and loans secured by deposits.  Consumer loans are originated primarily through existing and walk-in customers and direct advertising and, with respect to second mortgages and home equity lines of credit, through our broker network.
 
Our home equity lines of credit are variable rate loans tied to the prime rate.  Our second mortgages may have fixed or variable rates, although they generally have had fixed rates in recent periods.  Our second mortgages have a maximum term to maturity of 20 years.  Both our second mortgages and our home equity lines of credit generally are secured by the borrower’s primary residence.  However, our security generally consists of a second lien on the property.  Our lending policy provides that our home equity loans have loan-to-value ratios of 85% or less when combined with any Malvern Federal Savings Bank’s first mortgage.  Our lending policy also provides that our home equity loans have loan-to-value ratios of 80% or less when combined with any first mortgage with any other financial institution.   The maximum loan-to-value ratio on our home equity lines of credit is 80%. We offer home equity lines on a revolving line of credit basis, with interest tied to the prime rate.  At September 30, 2011, the unused portion of our home equity lines of credit was $23.7 million.
 
Consumer loans generally have higher interest rates and shorter terms than residential loans; however, they have additional credit risk due to the type of collateral securing the loan or in some case the absence of collateral.  In the year ended September 30, 2011, we charged-off $3.9 million of consumer loans. As a result of the recent declines in the market value of real estate and the deterioration in the overall economy, we are continuing to evaluate and monitor the credit conditions of our consumer loan borrowers and the real estate values of the properties securing our second mortgage loans as part of our on-going efforts to assess the overall credit quality of the portfolio in connection with our review of the allowance for loan losses. As of September 30, 2011, we had an aggregate of $1.4 million of non-accruing second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit, representing a decrease of $3.1 million over the amount of non-accruing second mortgage loans and home equity lines of credit at September 30, 2010.  At September 30, 2011, $2.2 million of our consumer loans were classified as substandard and we had no doubtful consumer loans.  At September 30, 2011, an aggregate of $2.4 million of our allowance for loan losses was allocated to second mortgages and home equity lines of credit.
 
Loan Approval Procedures and Authority. Our board of directors establishes the Bank’s lending policies and procedures.  Our Lending Policy Manual is reviewed on at least an annual basis by our management team in order to propose modifications as a result of market conditions, regulatory changes and other factors.  All loan modifications must be approved by our board of directors.
 
All loans in excess of $200,000 and all loans which are approved as an exception to our standard loan underwriting policies and procedures must be approved by the Bank’s Board of Directors after such loans are recommended for approval by the Property and Loan Committee of the Board of Directors.  Our Chief Lending Officer is authorized to approve residential mortgage loans up to $200,000.  Commercial loans in amounts up to $200,000 must be approved by two designated commercial loan officers and consumer loans in excess of $100,000 but not exceeding $200,000 must be approved by a designated consumer loan officer and our Chief Lending Officer. Consumer loans under $100,000 can be approved by one designated loan officer.
 
Asset Quality
 
General.  One of our key objectives is to improve asset quality. Given the stagnant economy and its effects on our market area, the increased levels of our classified and non-performing assets and the provisions of the Supervisory Agreement, we have become much more proactive in our loan monitoring, collection and workout processes in dealing with delinquent or problem loans.
 
 
When a borrower fails to make a scheduled payment, we attempt to cure the deficiency by making personal contact with the borrower.  Initial contacts are made as soon as five days after the date the payment is due, and late notices are sent approximately 16 days after the date the payment is due. In most cases, deficiencies are promptly resolved.  If the delinquency continues, late charges are assessed and additional efforts are made to collect the deficiency. All loans which are delinquent 30 days or more are reported to the board of directors of Malvern Federal Savings on a monthly basis.
 
On loans where the collection of principal or interest payments is doubtful, the accrual of interest income ceases (“non-accrual” loans).  It is our policy to discontinue accruing additional interest and reverse any interest accrued on any loan which is 90 days or more past due.  On occasion, this action may be taken earlier if the financial condition of the borrower raises significant concern with regard to his/her ability to service the debt in accordance with the terms of the loan agreement.  Interest income is not accrued on these loans until the borrower’s financial condition and payment record demonstrate an ability to service the debt.
 
Real estate which is acquired as a result of foreclosure is classified as real estate owned until sold.  Real estate owned is recorded at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated selling costs.  Costs associated with acquiring and improving a foreclosed property is usually capitalized to the extent that the carrying value does not exceed fair value less estimated selling costs.  Holding costs are charged to expense.  Gains and losses on the sale of real estate owned are charged to operations, as incurred.
 
We account for our impaired loans under accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”).  An impaired loan generally is one for which it is probable, based on current information, that the lender will not collect all the amounts due under the contractual terms of the loan.  Large groups of smaller balance, homogeneous loans are collectively evaluated for impairment.  Loans collectively evaluated for impairment include smaller balance commercial real estate loans, residential real estate loans and consumer loans.  These loans are evaluated as a group because they have similar characteristics and performance experience.  Larger commercial and construction loans are individually evaluated for impairment.  Our impaired loans amounted to $14.9 million and $16.0 million at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
Asset Classification.  Federal regulations and our policies require that we utilize an internal asset classification system as a means of reporting problem and potential problem assets.  We have incorporated an internal asset classification system, substantially consistent with Federal banking regulations, as a part of our credit monitoring system.  Federal banking regulations set forth a classification scheme for problem and potential problem assets as “substandard,” “doubtful” or “loss” assets.  An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.   “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected.
 
Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly questionable and improbable.”  Assets classified as “loss” are those considered “uncollectible” and of such little value that their continuance as assets without the establishment of a specific loss reserve is not warranted.  Assets which do not currently expose the insured institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification in one of the aforementioned categories but possess weaknesses are required to be designated “special mention.”
 
When an insured institution classifies one or more assets, or portions thereof, as “substandard” or “doubtful,” it is required that a general valuation allowance for loan losses be established for loan losses in an amount deemed prudent by management.  General valuation allowances represent loss allowances which have been established to recognize the inherent losses associated with lending activities, but which, unlike specific allowances, have not been allocated to particular problem assets.  When an insured institution classifies one or more assets, or portions thereof, as “loss,” it is required either to establish a specific allowance for losses equal to 100% of the amount of the asset so classified or to charge off such amount.
 
 
A savings institution’s determination as to the classification of its assets and the amount of its valuation allowances is subject to review by Federal bank regulators which can order the establishment of additional general or specific loss allowances.  The Federal banking agencies, have adopted an interagency policy statement on the allowance for loan and lease losses.  The policy statement provides guidance for financial institutions on both the responsibilities of management for the assessment and establishment of allowances and guidance for banking agency examiners to use in determining the adequacy of general valuation guidelines.  Generally, the policy statement recommends that institutions have effective systems and controls to identify, monitor and address asset quality problems; that management analyze all significant factors that affect the collectibility of the portfolio in a reasonable manner; and that management establish acceptable allowance evaluation processes that meet the objectives set forth in the policy statement.  Our management believes that, based on information currently available, the Company’s allowance for loan losses is maintained at a level which covers all known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at each reporting date.  However, actual losses are dependent upon future events and, as such; further additions to the level of allowances for loan losses may become necessary.
 
We review and classify assets on a monthly basis and the board of directors is provided with monthly reports on our classified assets.  We classify assets in accordance with the management guidelines described above. For regulatory reporting purposes assets classified as “substandard” were $39.8 million, including $8.3 million of other real estate owned, and $38.2 million, at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. We had $1.1 million in assets classified doubtful at September 30, 2011 compared to $3.3 million at September 30, 2010.  Assets designated as “special mention” totaled $12.7 million at September 30, 2011 compared to $16.7 million at September 30, 2010.  We attribute the improvement in the aggregate amount of our classified assets and assets designated special mention at September 30, 2011 compared to September 30, 2010 primarily to our enhanced loan monitoring, collection and charge-off efforts combined with the reduced size of our loan portfolio. Our efforts appear to have had some positive effect against the continuing impact of the lackluster economy on our borrowers, the increase in unemployment in the local economy and declining valuations in the collateral securing loans.  We had no loans classified as loss at September 30, 2011 or 2010.
 
The Supervisory Agreement required us to develop and implement a written internal asset review and classification program to, among other things, require accurate and timely identification and reporting of all classified assets and to require an independent third party loan review consultant to review our commercial real estate, construction, multi-family and commercial loans not less than every six months.
 
 
Delinquent Loans.  The following table shows the delinquencies in our loan portfolio as of the dates indicated.
 
   
At September 30, 2011 Loans Delinquent For:
                   
   
31-89 Days
   
90 Days and Over
   
Total Delinquent Loans
 
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of
Total Delinquent Loans
31-89
Days
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of Total Delinquent Loans 90 Day and Over
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of Total Delinquent Loans Greater Than 30 Days
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential mortgage
    6     $ 759       28.0 %     13     $ 2,866       22.2 %     19     $ 3,625       23.2 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                       
Residential and commercial
    -       -       -       7       6,617       51.2       7       6,617       42.4  
Commercial:
                                                                       
Commercial real Estate
    1       195       7.2       3       1,765       13.7       4       1,960       12.5  
Other
    1       22       0.8       2       229       1.8       3       251       1.6  
Consumer:
                                                                       
Home equity lines of credit
    1       16       0.6       2       61       0.5       3       77       0.5  
Second mortgages
    24       1,701       62.8       17       1,377       10.6       41       3,078       19.7  
Other
    2       16       0.6       -       -       -       2       16       0.1  
Total
    35     $ 2,709       100.0 %     44     $ 12,915       100.0 %     79     $ 15,624       100.0 %
 
   
At September 30, 2010 Loans Delinquent For:
                   
   
31-89 Days
   
90 Days and Over
   
Total Delinquent Loans
 
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of Total Delinquent Loans
31-89
Days
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of Total Delinquent Loans 90 Day and Over
   
Number
   
Amount
   
Percent of Total Delinquent Loans Greater Than 30 Days
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential mortgage
    12     $ 1,678       38.9 %     20     $ 8,354       42.1 %     32     $ 10,032       41.5 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                       
Residential and commercial
    -       -       -       1       1,393       7.0       1       1,393       5.8  
Commercial:
                                                                       
Commercial real Estate
    1       776       18.0       8       4,476       22.5       9       5,252       21.7  
Multi-family
    -       -       -       1       1,093       5.5       1       1,093       4.5  
Other
    1       209       4.8       -       -       -       1       209       0.9  
Consumer:
                                                                       
Home equity lines of credit
    1       37       0.9       6       457       2.3       7       494       2.0  
Second mortgages
    29       1,608       37.3       45       4,085       20.6       74       5,693       23.6  
Other
    3       3       0.1       2       3       -       5       6       -  
Total
    47     $ 4,311       100.0 %     83     $ 19,861       100.0 %     130     $ 24,172       100.0 %
 
 
Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned.  The following table sets forth non-performing assets and performing troubled debt restructurings which are neither non-accruing nor more than 90 days past due and still accruing in our portfolio at the dates indicated.  Loans are generally placed on non-accrual status when they are 90 days or more past due as to principal or interest or when the collection of principal and/or interest becomes doubtful.  There were no loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest for the periods shown.  Troubled debt restructurings are loans which are modified in a manner constituting a concession to the borrower, such as forgiving a portion of interest or principal making loans at a rate materially less than that of market rates, when the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-accruing loans:
                             
   Residential mortgage
  $ 2,866     $ 8,354     $ 3,809     $ 1,402     $ 461  
   Construction and Development:
                                       
  Residential and commercial
    6,617       1,393       7,086       1,695       -  
   Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    1,765       4,476       785       4,050       661  
  Multi-family
    -       1,093       -       -       -  
  Other
    229       -       35       561       780  
   Consumer:
                                       
  Home equity lines of credit
    61       457       407       205       14  
  Second mortgages
    1,377       4,085       2,072       672       351  
  Other
    -       3       1       -       -  
       Total non-accruing loans
    12,915       19,861       14,195       8,585       2,267  
Accruing loans delinquent more than 90 days past due
    -       -       -       -       -  
Real estate owned and other foreclosed assets:
                                       
   Residential mortgage
    3,872       1,538       1,568       230       227  
   Construction and Development:
                                       
  Residential and commercial
    -       1,085       196       -       -  
   Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    4,415       2,602       4,006       -       -  
  Multi-family
    -       70       -       -       -  
  Other
    34       20       20       -       -  
   Consumer:
                                       
Second mortgages
    -       -       85       -       -  
       Total
    8,321       5,315       5,875       230       227  
Total non-performing assets
  $ 21,236     $ 25,176     $ 20,070     $ 8,815     $ 2,494  
Performing troubled debt-restructurings:
                                       
   Residential mortgage
    1,049       2,277       -       -       -  
   Construction and Development:
                                       
  Land loans
    1,160       1,170       -       -       -  
   Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    7,919       7,742       25       103       121  
  Multi-family
    -       612       -       -       -  
  Other
    175       175       -       -       -  
   Consumer:
                                       
  Home equity lines of credit
    37       -       -       -       -  
       Total performing troubled debt restructurings
    10,340       11,976       25       103       121  
Total non-performing assets and performing troubled
   debt restructurings
  $ 31,576     $ 37,152     $ 20,095     $ 8,918     $ 2,615  
Ratios:
                                       
Total non-accrual loans as a percent of gross loans
    2.52 %     3.60 %     2.38 %     1.52 %     0.51 %
Total non-performing assets as a percent of total asset
    3.19 %     3.49 %     2.90 %     1.38 %     0.45 %
Total non-performing assets and performing troubled
   debt restructurings as a percent of total assets
    4.74 %     5.16 %     2.91 %     1.39 %     0.47 %
 
 
The Supervisory Agreement required the Bank to develop and implement a written plan, with specific strategies, targets and timeframes, to reduce the amounts of its non-performing assets, real estate owned, classified assets and assets designated special mention (collectively, “problem assets”). The Bank also is required to develop specific workout plans for each problem asset, or group of loans to any one borrower, in an amount of $500,000 or greater.  The Supervisory Agreement also required the Bank to retain a qualified, full-time loan workout specialist to implement the above-described loan workout plans During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011, the Bank established a Credit Review Department designed to improve the tracking, reporting and early recognition of problem assets. Additional staffing added during fiscal year 2011 included a chief credit officer, loss mitigation specialist and real estate owned coordinator.
 
At September 30, 2011, our total non-performing assets amounted to $21.2 million, a decrease of $3.9 million compared to our total non-performing assets at September 30, 2010.  Included in our non-performing assets at September 30, 2011 were 13 non-accruing single family residential mortgage loans with an aggregate outstanding balance of $2.9 million at such date, and 19 non-accruing second mortgage and home equity loans, with an aggregate outstanding balance of $1.4 million. Our non-performing loans at September 30, 2011, also included the following significant items.
 
 
A $1.4 million participation interest in a construction and development loan for a retirement community located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania. This loan was placed on non-accrual status in August 2009 and we recorded a partial charge-off in the amount of $2.9 million in fiscal year ended September 30, 2010, based on a September 2010 appraisal, reducing the carrying value of this loan from $4.3 million to $1.4 million. The borrower entered into an agreement of sale with respect to this property in August 2011. Settlement for the sale of this property occurred in November 2011 at which time the Company received a payment of $2.5 million, of which $1.4 million was applied to the carrying value of the loan with the remaining $1.1 million in proceeds recorded as a recovery to the allowance for loan losses during the first quarter of fiscal 2012.
 
 
A $3.0 million participation interest in two construction and development loans for the construction of 64 units of a proposed 198 unit age-restricted condominium community located in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Since the loan was originated in December 2007, a total of 64 units have been built of which 35 have been sold, with 29 units being marketed for sale. This loan was placed on non-accrual status in June 2011 and was 153 days past due at September 30, 2011.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, we recorded a partial charge-off in the amount of $800,000 based on an updated appraisal, and we received a principal repayment in the amount of $300,000, reducing our loan carrying value to $1.9 million at September 30, 2011. The borrower recently pledged additional real estate collateral as part of a loan modification plan which is expected to be finalized and signed by all parties during the December 2011 quarter. No additional loss is expected based on the anticipated terms of this agreement.
 
 
A $2.4 million participation interest in a $14.3 million construction and development loan for the development of commercial and mixed use facilities on approximately 40 acres located in Mount Laurel, New Jersey. This loan was placed on non-accrual status in June 2011 and was 184 days past due at September 30, 2011.  During the quarter ended September 30, 2011, we recorded a partial charge-off in the amount of $400,000 based on an updated appraisal, reducing our loan carrying value to $2.0 million. The borrower has received the necessary zoning approvals from the township and is working to obtain signed letters of intent to occupy space in the development from two nationally known entities.  The lead lender is continuing its efforts to negotiate a resolution strategy for this loan.  It is expected that the loan will be repaid during fiscal 2012 with no additional loss.
 
 
A $1.3 million commercial real estate loan on a mixed use (warehouse and self-storage rental units) property located in Chester County, Pennsylvania, which was placed on non-accrual status in February 2011. This loan is expected to become current during fiscal year 2012 as the borrower continues to make additional payments to bring this loan current.
 
 
For the year ended September 30, 2011, additional gross interest income which would have been recorded had all of our non-accruing loans been current in accordance with their original terms amounted to $1.3 million.  The amount that was included in interest income on such loans was $342,000 for the year ended September 30, 2011.
 
Our non-performing assets include REO in addition to non-performing loans.  At September 30, 2011, our total REO amounted to $8.3 million, an increase of $3.0 million compared to total REO at September 30, 2010. The $3.0 million increase in REO at September 30, 2011 compared to September 30, 2010, was due to $12.5 million in additions in REO during fiscal 2011, which included an aggregate of $4.9 million for 16 single-family residential properties, 15 commercial real estate properties in the aggregate amount of $6.5 million and one multi-family property in the amount of $1.1 million at September 30, 2011.  Partially offsetting these additions to REO during fiscal 2011 were $7.0 million of sales of REO, at a net gain of $23,000, and $2.5 million in reductions to REO fair values which are reflected in other REO expense during fiscal 2011. Our REO at September 30, 2011 included the following significant items.
 
 
A $2.3 million single-family residential property and adjoining lot located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania which was acquired as real estate owned in March 2011. We recorded an $806,000 charge-off of this property in the second quarter of fiscal 2011 and we took an additional $227,000 write down in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011. This property had a carrying value of $1.3 million at September 30, 2011. We sold this REO property in November 2011 at a slight gain.
 
 
Nine separate properties located in the greater Philadelphia market area which were acquired as REO in July 2011 and which previously secured three separate commercial real estate loans to one borrower with an aggregate carrying value of $3.4 million at the time of foreclosure (which was net of $658,000 in charge-offs to the ALLL taken on the loans prior to foreclosure).  The properties consist of various types and usages and include an industrial building in Philadelphia used to process and fabricate marble and granite, three mixed-use (retail space and apartments) buildings in Philadelphia, one building with six retail units in Philadelphia and one mixed-use (eight apartment units and one office) in Norristown, Pennsylvania. We recorded $420,000 in write-downs to these properties during fiscal 2011 and their aggregate carrying value was $3.0 million at September 30, 2011.  We are marketing these properties for sale and have entered into an aggregate of sale with respect to one property which had a carrying value of $79,000 at September 30, 2011.
 
 
Ten separate single-family residential rental properties which previously secured loans to one borrower with an aggregate carrying value in the amount of $1.5 million at September 30, 2011 were acquired as real estate owned in September 2011. Five of these properties are located in Chester, Pennsylvania, three properties are located in Claymont, Delaware, one is located in Wilmington, Delaware, and one property is located in Morgantown, Pennsylvania. These properties are in the process of being marketed for sale.
 
 
Two parcels of mixed-use real estate located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania and woodworking equipment on site was acquired as real estate owned in September 2011. This property had a carrying value $585,000 at September 30, 2011 and is being marketed for sale.
 
While not considered non-performing, our performing troubled debt restructurings are closely monitored as they consist of loans that have been modified where the borrower is experiencing financial difficulty.  Troubled debt restructurings may be deemed to have a higher risk of loss than loans which have not been restructured.  At September 30, 2011 our total performing troubled debt restructurings amounted to $10.3 million compared to $12.0 million of performing troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2010. Our performing troubled debt restructurings at September 30, 2011 included the following significant items.
 
 
A total of five loans to one borrower with an aggregate outstanding balance of $787,000 at September 30, 2011 collateralized by single-family residential rental properties located primarily in Chester and Delaware Counties which were restructured during the quarter ended September 30, 2010 to require payments of interest only for six months as well as a modification to the interest rate. All of these loans have remained current under their restructured terms. During the first quarter of fiscal 2012, all of these loans converted back to their original terms and interest rates.
 
 
 
Four loans to one borrower with an aggregate outstanding balance of $3.0 million at September 30, 2011 collateralized by first mortgages on commercial real estate and approved lots. Two of these loans, with an aggregate outstanding balance of $1.9 million, are secured by owner occupied commercial real estate located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania and the other two loans, with an aggregate outstanding balance of $1.0 million, are secured by 23 acres of approved lots located in Chester County, Pennsylvania. The four loans were restructured during the quarter ended March 31, 2010 to require payments of interest only and they have been performing in accordance with their terms since October 2010. These loans are in the process of being refinanced by another financial institution are expected to be repaid during the March 2012 quarter.
 
 
Two loans with an aggregate outstanding balance of $1.8 million at September 30, 2011 collateralized by first mortgages on four commercial real estate properties located in Pottstown, Pennsylvania. As a result of reduced net cash flows on the property due to increased vacancies, on December 1, 2010 the Bank restructured the loans to interest only until January 1, 2012, when the payments will convert to principal and interest. The borrower has been paying as agreed under the terms of the existing restructured agreement. However, we understand that net cash flow continues to be an issue for the borrower.
 
 
One loan to one borrower with an outstanding balance in the amount of $1.4 million at September 30, 2011 on a commercial real estate mixed use (warehouse and office space) property located in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. As a result of slow sales, the borrower was experiencing financial difficulties and on April 1, 2011 the Bank agreed to restructure the loan from its original terms to interest only until October 1, 2011.  The borrower has been paying as agreed under the terms of the restructuring and began making principal and interest payments in October 2011. The borrower is expected to continue to pay as agreed.
 
 
One commercial real estate loan to one borrower with an outstanding balance in the amount of $2.8 million at September 30, 2011 secured by a first mortgage on a 420 unit self-storage facility on approximately four acres located in Delaware County, Pennsylvania. Since the project was completed in April 2010, a total of 275 units have been rented, with 145 units being marketed for rent. The borrower has been paying as agreed under the terms of the restructuring of interest only payments as well as a rate concession and is expected to continue to pay as agreed.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses.  The allowance for loan losses is established through a provision for loan losses.  We maintain the allowance at a level believed, to the best of management’s knowledge, to cover all known and inherent losses in the portfolio that are both probable and reasonable to estimate at each reporting date.  Management reviews the allowance for loan losses on no less than a quarterly basis in order to identify those inherent losses and to assess the overall collection probability for the loan portfolio.  Our evaluation process includes, among other things, an analysis of delinquency trends, non-performing loan trends, the level of charge-offs and recoveries, prior loss experience, total loans outstanding, the volume of loan originations, the type, size and geographic concentration of our loans, the value of collateral securing the loan, the borrower’s ability to repay and repayment performance, the number of loans requiring heightened management oversight, local economic conditions and industry experience.  Such risk ratings are periodically reviewed by management and revised as deemed appropriate.  The establishment of the allowance for loan losses is significantly affected by management’s judgment and uncertainties and it is likely that different amounts would be reported under different conditions or assumptions.  Various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require us to make additional provisions for estimated loan losses based upon judgments different from those of management.
 
We made a provision for loan losses of $12.4 million for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $9.4 million in the year ended September 30, 2010.  During the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011, our total charge-offs to the allowance for loan losses amounted to $10.6 million which included the following significant items.
 
 
 
A partial charge-off in the amount of $658,000 on three separate commercial real estate loans totaling $4.1 million made to one borrower secured by a first mortgage on each of three mixed use (retail space and apartments) buildings, one building with six retail rental units, one industrial building used to process and fabricate  marble/granite and three apartment buildings (approximately 23 units) located in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, and one mixed use building (apartments and a one unit office space) located in Norristown. We subsequently foreclosed on these loans and the collateral properties formerly securing them were recorded as real estate owned at September 30, 2011.
 
 
A partial charge-off in the amount of $1.1 million with respect to a commercial real estate loan secured by equipment and two parcels of mixed-use real estate located in Franklin County, Pennsylvania. We subsequently foreclosed on this loan and the collateral property formerly securing this loan was recorded as real estate owned at September 30, 2011 with a carrying value of $585,000.
 
 
An $806,000 partial charge-off of a single-family residential mortgage loan secured by a house and adjoining lot located in Montgomery County, Pennsylvania.  We foreclosed on this loan in March 2011 and the REO property had a carrying value of $1.3 million at September 30, 2011. This property was sold in November 2011 at a slight gain.
 
 
An $800,000 partial charge-off on a $3.0 million participation interest in two construction and development loans for the construction of 64 units of a proposed 198 unit age-restricted condominium community located in Delaware County. With the receipt of an additional principal repayment in the amount of $300,000, our loan balance at September 30, 2011 was $1.9 million. As of November 2011, the participating banks are in the process of working on an agreement with a third party to purchase the note.  The borrower recently pledged additional real estate collateral as part of a loan modification plan which is expected to be finalized and signed by all parties during March 2012. No additional loss is expected based on the anticipated terms of this agreement.
 
 
A $400,000 partial charge-off on a $2.4 million participation interest in a non-performing construction and development loan for the development of commercial and mixed use facilities on approximately 40 acres located in Mount Laurel, New Jersey, reducing our loan carrying value to $2.0 million at September 30, 2011. The lead lender and participants are continuing to work with the developer towards a satisfactory resolution of this loan.
 
 
A total of 52 consumer second mortgage loans had full or partial charge-offs in the aggregate amount of $3.7 million during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011. The primary reason for these charge-offs, which also included some short sales, was the decline in both the economy and reduced property values in the collateral securing these loans. Approximately $3.0 million of these charge-offs, or 40 loans, occurred during the first and second quarters of fiscal 2011.
 
See “Asset Quality – Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned.”
 
We will continue to monitor and modify our allowance for loan losses as conditions dictate.  No assurances can be given that our level of allowance for loan losses will cover all of the inherent losses on our loans or that future adjustments to the allowance for loan losses will not be necessary if economic and other conditions differ substantially from the economic and other conditions used by management to determine the current level of the allowance for loan losses.
 
 
The following table sets forth an analysis of our allowance for loan losses.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at binning of period
  $ 8,157     $ 5,718     $ 5,505     $ 4,541     $ 3,393  
Provision for loan losses
    12,392       9,367       2,280       1,609       1,298  
Charge-offs:
                                       
   Residential mortgage
    2,478       824       124       144       -  
   Construction and Development:
                                       
      Residential and commercial
    1,307       4,133       -       -       -  
   Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    2,460       927       1,760       90       -  
  Multi-family
    164       525       -       -       -  
  Other
    278       -       -       4       -  
   Consumer:
                                       
  Home equity lines of credit
    166       168       -       -       -  
  Second mortgages
    3,691       334       153       393       135  
  Other
    6       22       60       19       25  
        Total charge-offs
    10,550       6,933       2,097       650       160  
Recoveries:
                                       
   Residential mortgage
    1       -       -       -       -  
   Construction and Development:
                                       
  Residential and commercial
    -       -       25       -       -  
   Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    1       -       -       -       -  
  Multi-family
    1       1       -       -       -  
  Other
    5       -       -       -       -  
   Consumer:
                                       
  Home equity lines of credit
    3       -       -       -       -  
  Second mortgages
    82       -       -       2       3  
  Other
    9       4       5       3       7  
        Total recoveries
    102       5       30       5       10  
Net charge-offs
  $ 10,448       6,928       2,067       645       150  
Balance at end of period
  $ 10,101     $ 8,157     $ 5,718     $ 5,505     $ 4,541  
Ratios:
                                       
Ratio of allowance for loan losses to non-accrual loans
    78.21 %     41.07 %     40.28 %     64.12 %     200.31 %
Ratio of net charge-offs to average loans outstanding
    1.97 %     1.19 %     0.35 %     0.12 %     0.03 %
Ratio of net charge-offs to total allowance for loan
  losses
    103.43 %     84.93 %     36.15 %     11.72 %     3.30 %
 
 
The following table shows how our allowance for loan losses is allocated by type of loan at each of the dates indicated.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
   
Amount
   
Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance
   
Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance
   
Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance
   
Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance
   
Percent of Loans in Each Category to Total Loans
   
Amount
   
Percent of Allowance to Total Allowance
   
Percent of Loans in Each Category
to Total Loans
 
   
(Dollars In Thousands)
 
                                                                                           
Residential mortgage
  $ 1,458       14.4 %     44.7 %   $ 1,555       19.1 %     41.8 %   $ 1,307       22.9 %     42.4 %   $ 827       15.0 %     43.3 %   $ 552       12.2 %     40.4 %
Construction and Development:
                                                                                                                       
   Residential and commercial
    1,627       16.1       4.9       689       8.4       5.5       1,558       27.3       6.3       873       15.9       7.9       673       14.8       12.4  
   Land Loans      49       0.5       0.6       63       0.8       0.6       57       1.0       0.6       79       1.4       0.8       117       2.6       1.4  
Commercial:
                                                                                                                       
   Commercial real estate     4,176       41.4       25.7       2,741       33.6       25.9       1,244       21.8       24.0       2,032       36.9       24.2       1,809       39.8       22.7  
   Multi-family     49       0.5       1.1       191       2.3       1.2       48       0.8       1.6       10       0.2       0.3       11       0.2       0.5  
   Other     317       3.1       2.1       303       3.7       2.1       298       5.2       2.6       335       6.1       3.0       386       8.5       3.3  
Consumer:
                                                                                                                       
   Home equity lines of
     credit
220       2.2       4.0       284       3.4       3.6       284       4.9       3.2       122       2.2        2.2       91       2.0       2.5  
   Second mortgages     2,154       21.3       16.7       2,264       27.8       19.1       889       15.6       19.1       1,131       20.6       18.1       734       16.2       16.5  
   Other     16       0.2       0.2       22        0.3        0.2       25        0.4        0.2       26        0.5        0.2       30        0.7        0.3  
Total allocated
    10,066       99.7       100.0       8,112       99.4       100.0       5,710       99.9       100.0       5,435       98.8       100.0       4,403       97.0       100.0  
Unallocated
     35       0.3        -        45        0.6        -       8        0.1        -       70        1.2        -       138        3.0        -  
Balance at end of period
  $ 10,101       100.0 %     100.0 %   $ 8,157       100.0 %     100.0 %   $ 5,718       100.0 %     100.0 %   $ 5,505       100.0 %     100.0 %   $ 4,541       100.0 %     100.0 %
 
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components.  The specific component relates to loans that are classified as either doubtful, substandard or special mention.  The general component covers non-classified loans and is based on historical loss experience adjusted for qualitative factors.  An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses.  The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
Investment Activities
 
General.  We invest in securities pursuant to our Investment Policy, which has been approved by our board of directors.  The Board’s Asset Liability Committee (“ALCO”) monitors our investment activity and ensures that the Bank’s investments are consistent with the Investment Policy.  The board of directors of Malvern Federal Savings reviews all investment activity on a monthly basis.
 
Our investment policy is designed primarily to manage the interest rate sensitivity of our assets and liabilities, to generate a favorable return without incurring undue interest rate risk or credit risk, to complement our lending activities and to provide and maintain liquidity.
 
At September 30, 2011, our investment and mortgage-backed securities amounted to $78.2 million in the aggregate or 11.7% of total assets at such date.  Our securities portfolio is comprised of mortgage-backed pass-through securities, as well as collateralized mortgage obligations, which amounted to $40.8 million or 52.1% of the securities portfolio at September 30, 2011, and U.S. government and agency obligations, municipal securities, corporate debt obligations and other securities.  Our agency debt securities often have call provisions which provide the agency with the ability to call the securities at specified dates. We typically invest in securities with relatively short terms to maturity (less than 10 years).  At September 30, 2011, $24.0 million of our investment securities had contractual maturities of one year or less and the estimated duration of our mortgage-backed securities portfolio was 3.5 years at such date.
 
At September 30, 2011, we had an aggregate of $312,000 in gross unrealized losses on our investment securities portfolio available for sale.  Securities are evaluated on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when market conditions warrant such an evaluation, to determine whether a decline in their value is other-than-temporary. To determine whether a loss in value is other-than-temporary, management utilizes criteria such as the reasons underlying the decline, the magnitude and duration of the decline and whether or not management intends to sell or expects that it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to an anticipated recovery of the fair value. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospects for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value for a debt security is determined to be other-than-temporary, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income. For equity securities, the full amount of the other-than-temporary impairment is recognized in earnings.  Held to maturity securities are accounted for based upon the historical cost of the security.  Available for sale securities can be sold at any time based upon needs or market conditions.  Available for sale securities are accounted for at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses on these securities, net of income tax, reflected in shareholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income.  At September 30, 2011, we had $74.4 million of securities classified as available for sale, $3.8 million of securities classified as held to maturity and no securities classified as trading account.
 
We do not purchase mortgage-backed derivative instruments that would be characterized “high-risk” under Federal banking regulations at the time of purchase, nor do we purchase corporate obligations which are not rated investment grade or better.
 
 
Our mortgage-backed securities consist primarily of mortgage pass-through certificates and collateralized mortgage obligations issued by the Government National Mortgage Association (“GNMA” or “Ginnie Mae”), Fannie Mae or Freddie Mac.  At such date, all of our mortgage-backed securities and collateralized mortgage obligations were issued by GNMA, FNMA or FHLMC, and we held no mortgage-backed securities from private issuers.  We do not purchase mortgage-backed derivative instruments that would be characterized “high-risk” under Federal banking regulations at the time of purchase.
 
Investments in mortgage-backed securities involve a risk that actual prepayments will be greater than estimated prepayments over the life of the security, which may require adjustments to the amortization of any premium or accretion of any discount relating to such instruments thereby changing the net yield on such securities.  There is also reinvestment risk associated with the cash flows from such securities or in the event such securities are redeemed by the issuer.  In addition, the market value of such securities may be adversely affected by changes in interest rates.
 
Ginnie Mae is a government agency within the Department of Housing and Urban Development which is intended to help finance government-assisted housing programs.  Ginnie Mae securities are backed by loans insured by the Federal Housing Administration, or guaranteed by the Veterans Administration.  The timely payment of principal and interest on Ginnie Mae securities is guaranteed by Ginnie Mae and backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.  Freddie Mac is a private corporation chartered by the U.S. Government.  Freddie Mac issues participation certificates backed principally by conventional mortgage loans.  Freddie Mac guarantees the timely payment of interest and the ultimate return of principal on participation certificates.  Fannie Mae is a private corporation chartered by the U.S. Congress with a mandate to establish a secondary market for mortgage loans.  Fannie Mae guarantees the timely payment of principal and interest on Fannie Mae securities.  Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae securities are not backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government, but because Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae are U.S. Government-sponsored enterprises, these securities are considered to be among the highest quality investments with minimal credit risks.  In September 2008, the Federal Housing Finance Agency was appointed as conservator of Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac. The U.S. Department of the Treasury agreed to provide capital as needed to ensure that Fannie Mae and Freddie Mac continue to provide liquidity to the housing and mortgage markets.
 
In analyzing an issuer’s financial condition, management considers whether the securities are issued by the federal government or its agencies, whether downgrades by bond rating agencies have occurred, and industry analysts’ reports.  The Company does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities until such time as the value recovers or the securities mature. Management does not believe any individual unrealized loss as of September 30, 2011 represents other-than-temporary impairment.
 
At September 30, 2011, we owned one single issuer trust preferred security, which security had an unrealized loss of $210,000 at such date, compared to $241,000 at September 30, 2010.  Historic changes in the economy, in interest rates and the ability to price trust preferred securities caused wide fluctuations in the market value and pricing of this security during fiscal year 2011. However, during the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011, slight signs of improvement occurred that seem to have translated into some degree of stabilization in this market. The Company has continued to receive contractual payments in a timely manner and management expects to continue to receive timely payments in the future based on the credit rating and performance of the issuer. On a quarterly basis, management reviews the credit rating and performance of the issuer, as well as the impact that the overall economy is expected to have on those measurements and the fair value of this security.
 
 
Investment Securities Portfolio, Maturities and Yields.  The following table sets forth the scheduled maturities, amortized cost and weighted average yields for our investment portfolio, at September 30, 2011.  Due to repayments of the underlying loans, the average life maturities of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities generally are substantially less than the final maturities.
 
The composition and maturities of the investment securities portfolio are indicated in the following table.
 
   
One year or less
   
More than One Year through Five Years
   
More than Five Years through Ten Years
   
More than Ten Years
   
Total
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Weighted Average Yield
   
Amortized Cost
   
Weighted Average
Yield
   
Amortized Cost
   
Weighted Average Yield
   
Amortized Cost
   
Weighted Average Yield
   
Amortized Cost
   
Fair Value
   
Weighted Average Yield
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Available for Sale Securities:
                                                                 
U.S. government agencies and obligations(1)
  $ 21,234       1.56 %   $ 11,137       1.49 %   $ 999       3.66 %   $ -       - %   $ 33,370     $ 33,452       1.60 %
State and municipal obligations
    150       2.20       807       2.39       (5 )     -       -       -       952       963       2.37  
Mortgage-backed securities
    614       2.35       33,135       2.04       1,373       2.81       1,228       4.50       36,350       36,970       2.16  
Single issuer trust preferred security
    1,000       0.88       -       -       -       -       -       -       1,000       790       0.88  
Corporate debt securities
     932       1.84         1,253       1.71        -       -        -       -       2,185       2,214       1.76  
Total AFS
    23,930       1.57       46,332       1.91       2,367       2.82       1,228       4.12       73,857       74,389       1.88  
Held to Maturity Securities:
                                                                                       
Mortgage-backed securities
     62       2.66        141       2.25        91       5.69       3,503       4.67       3,797       4,024       4.57  
Total HTM
     62       2.66       141       2.25        91       5.69       3,503       4.67       3,797       4,024       4.57  
Total debt securities
  $ 23,992       1.57 %   $ 46,473       1.91 %   $ 2,458       3.00 %   $ 4,731       4.46 %   $ 77,654     $ 78,413       2.01 %
 

(1) Includes FHLB notes.

 
The following table sets forth the composition of the Company’s investment portfolio at the dates indicated.
 
   
At September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair
Value
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair
Value
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Securities available for sale:
                                   
U.S. government obligations
  $ 4,998     $ 5,010     $ 4,997     $ 4,997     $ 999     $ 1,011  
U.S. government agencies(1)
    28,372       28,442       15,705       15,754       8,946       9,042  
State and municipal
  obligations
    952       963       1,199       1,207       1,768       1,759  
Corporate debt securities
    2,185       2,214       1,451       1,475       1,288       1,326  
Single issuer trust preferred
  security
    1,000       790       1,000       759       1,000       638  
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
   Federal Home Loan
     Mortgage Association
    3,397       3,589       4,808       5,027       7,072       7,268  
   Federal Home Loan
     Mortgage Corporation
    968       1,016       1,324       1,385       1,774       1,830  
   Government National
     Mortgage Association
    147       151       165       169       203       206  
   Collateralized mortgage
     obligations
    31,838       32,214       9,798       9,946       4,015       4,018  
  Total available for sale
    73,857       74,389       40,447       40,719       27,065       27,098  
Securities held to maturity:
                                               
Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
   Government National
     Mortgage Association
    232       241       266       275       300       307  
   Federal Home Loan
     Mortgage Association
    3,565       3,783       4,450       4,650       4,542       4,635  
  Total held to maturity
    3,797       4,024       4,716       4,925       4,842       4,942  
Total investment securities
  $ 77,654     $ 78,413     $ 45,163     $ 45,644     $ 31,907     $ 32,040  
 

 (1) Includes FHLB notes.
 
Sources of Funds
 
General.  Deposits, loan repayments and prepayments, proceeds from sales of loans, cash flows generated from operations and Federal Home Loan Bank advances are the primary sources of our funds for use in lending, investing and for other general purposes.
 
Deposits.  We offer a variety of deposit accounts with a range of interest rates and terms.  Our deposits consist of checking, both interest-bearing and non-interest-bearing, money market, savings and certificate of deposit accounts.  At September 30, 2011, 43.3% of the funds deposited with Malvern Federal Savings were in core deposits, which are deposits other than certificates of deposit.
 
The flow of deposits is influenced significantly by general economic conditions, changes in money market rates, prevailing interest rates and competition.  Our deposits are obtained predominantly from the areas where our branch offices are located.  We have historically relied primarily on customer service and long-standing relationships with customers to attract and retain these deposits; however, market interest rates and rates offered by competing financial institutions significantly affect our ability to attract and retain deposits.
 
 
Malvern Federal Savings uses traditional means of advertising its deposit products, including broadcast and print media and we generally do not solicit deposits from outside our market area.  In recent years, we have emphasized the origination of core deposits.  While we have not engaged in the use of brokered deposits as a source of funds, as a result of the Supervisory Agreement, we are prohibited from using brokered deposits in the future without the prior written non-objection of the OCC.
 
We do not actively solicit certificate accounts in excess of $250,000, known as “jumbo CDs,” or use brokers to obtain deposits.  At September 30, 2011, our jumbo CDs amounted to $19.2 million, of which $5.8 million are scheduled to mature within twelve months.  At September 30, 2011, the weighted average remaining maturity of our certificate of deposit accounts was 26.9 months.
 
The following table sets forth the distribution of total deposits by account type, at the dates indicated.
 
   
At September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
Deposits
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
Deposits
   
Amount
   
Percent
of Total
Deposits
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Deposit Types:
                                   
   Savings
  $ 45,067       8.1 %   $ 42,385       7.1 %   $ 39,554       7.7 %
   Money market
    86,315       15.6       80,980       13.5       58,401       11.3  
   Interest bearing demand
    88,722       16.0       83,365       14.0       95,720       18.5  
   Non-interest bearing demand
    19,833        3.6       18,503        3.1       19,314        3.7  
     Total core deposits
    239,937       43.3       225,233       37.7       212,989       41.2  
Time deposits with original
  maturities of:
                                               
   Three months or less
    834       0.1       884       0.2       893       0.2  
   Over three months to six months
    7,513       1.4       10,585       1.8       16,294       3.2  
   Over six months to twelve
     months
    8,688       1.6       29,917       5.0       45,607       8.8  
   Over twelve months
    297,483       53.6       330,239        55.3       240,728       46.6  
     Total time deposits
    314,518       56.7       371,625        62.3       303,522       58.8  
Total deposits
  $ 554,455       100.0 %   $ 596,858       100.0 %   $ 516,511       100.0 %
 
At September 30, 2011, we had $140.9 million in certificates of deposit and other time deposits with balances of $100,000 or more maturing as follows:
 
Maturity Period
 
 
Amount
 
   
(In thousands)
 
Three months or less
  $ 14,685  
Over three months through six months
    8,920  
Over six months through 12 months
    16,230  
Over twelve months
    101,065  
Total
  $ 140,900  
 
 
The following table presents our time deposit accounts categorized by interest rates which mature during each of the periods set forth below and the amounts of such time deposits by interest rate at each of the periods indicated.
 
   
Period to Maturity from September 30, 2011
                   
   
One
   
More
than
One
Year to
   
More
than
Two
Years to
   
More
than
   
At September 30,
 
   
Year or
Less
   
Two
Years
   
Three
Years
   
Three
Years
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Interest Rate Range:
                                         
  0.99% and below
  $ 22,102     $ 15,899     $ 1,590     $ -     $ 39,591     $ 24,241     $ 5,966  
  1.00% to 1.99%
    33,610       47,425       6,351       5,830       93,216       129,999       52,106  
  2.00% to 2.99%
    34,615       37,036       19,278       40,054       130,983       119,666       54,472  
  3.00% to 3.99%
    3,648       313       2,564       35,131       41,656       52,865       87,252  
  4.00% to 4.99%
    2,735       1,384       1,515       2,300       7,934       43,187       98,441  
  5.00% to 5.99%
    815       323       -       -       1,138       1,667       5,285  
    Total
  $ 97,525     $ 102,380     $ 31,298     $ 83,315     $ 314,518     $ 371,625     $ 303,522  
 
The following table sets forth our savings flows during the periods indicated.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Opening balance
  $ 596,858     $ 516,511     $ 453,493  
Deposits
    992,692       1,865,114       1,485,122  
Withdrawals
    1,040,942       1,793,439       1,434,564  
Interest credited
    5,847       8,672       12,460  
Ending balance
  $ 554,455     $ 596,858     $ 516,511  
Net (decrease) increase
  $ (42,403 )   $ 80,347     $ 63,018  
Percent (decrease) increase
    (7.10 )%     15.56 %     13.90 %
 
Borrowings.  We utilize advances from the FHLB of Pittsburgh as an alternative to retail deposits to fund operations as part of our operating strategy.  These FHLB advances are collateralized primarily by certain of our mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities and secondarily by our investment in capital stock of the FHLB Pittsburgh.  FHLB advances are made pursuant to several different credit programs, each of which has its own interest rate and range of maturities.  The maximum amount that the FHLB of Pittsburgh will advance to member institutions, including Malvern Federal Savings, fluctuates from time to time in accordance with the policies of the FHLB.  At September 30, 2011, we had $49.1 million in outstanding FHLB advances and $313.0 million of additional FHLB advances and other borrowings available.  In addition, we have established a $50.0 million line of credit with the FHLB, none of which was outstanding at September 30, 2011.  All amounts drawn on our FHLB line of credit are considered short-term borrowings.  At September 30, 2011, none of our FHLB advances were scheduled to mature within one year.
 
At September 30, 2011, we had no FHLB advances that were short-term (maturities of one year or less).  In addition, at September 30, 2011, we had nothing outstanding on our line of credit with the FHLB, which is payable on demand.

 
Subsidiaries
 
In addition to the Bank, Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. has one subsidiary, Malvern Federal Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation organized to hold and manage certain investment securities.  The Bank has two subsidiaries, Malvern Federal Investments, Inc., a Delaware corporation organized as an operating subsidiary of the Bank to hold and manage certain investment securities, and Strategic Asset Management Group, Inc. (“SAMG”), a Pennsylvania corporation and insurance brokerage engaged in sales of property and casualty insurance, commercial insurance and life and health insurance.
 
Employees
 
At September 30, 2011, we had 85 full-time and 11 part-time employees.  No employees are represented by a collective bargaining group, and we believe that its relationship with its employees is excellent.
 
REGULATION
 
Set forth below is a brief description of certain laws relating to the regulation of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company and Malvern Federal Savings Bank.  This description does not purport to be complete and is qualified in its entirety by reference to applicable laws and regulations.
 
General
 
Malvern Federal Savings Bank, as a federally chartered savings association, is subject to federal regulation and oversight by the OCC extending to all aspects of its operations.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank also is subject to regulation and examination by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”), which insures its deposits to the maximum extent permitted by law, and requirements established by the Federal Reserve Board.  Federal law provides the federal banking regulators, including the OCC and FDIC, with substantial enforcement powers.  Any change in such regulations, whether by the FDIC, OCC or Congress, could have a material adverse impact on Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company, Malvern Federal Bancorp and Malvern Federal Savings Bank and our operations.
 
Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act enacted in 2010, the powers of the Office of Thrift Supervision regarding Malvern Federal Savings Bank, Malvern Federal Bancorp and Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company transferred to other federal financial institution regulatory agencies on July 21, 2011. See “— Recently Enacted Regulatory Reform.” As of the transfer date, all of the regulatory functions related to Malvern Federal Savings Bank that were under the jurisdiction of the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “OTS”) transferred  to the OCC. In addition, as of that same date, all of the regulatory functions related to Malvern Federal Bancorp and Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company, as savings and loan holding companies, that were under the jurisdiction of the OTS, transferred to the Federal Reserve Board.
 
Recently Enacted Regulatory Reform
 
On July 21, 2010, the President signed into law the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act.  The financial reform and consumer protection act imposes new restrictions and an expanded framework of regulatory oversight for financial institutions, including depository institutions.  In addition, the new law changed the jurisdictions of existing bank regulatory agencies and in particular transfers the regulation of federal savings associations from the Office of Thrift Supervision to the OCC, effective July 21, 2011.  Savings and loan holding companies are now regulated by the Federal Reserve Board.  The new law also establishes an independent federal consumer protection bureau within the Federal Reserve Board.  The following discussion summarizes significant aspects of the new law that may affect the Bank, the Mutual Holding Company and the Company.  Many of these regulations implementing these changes have not been promulgated, so we cannot determine the full impact on our business and operations at this time.

 
The following aspects of the financial reform and consumer protection act are related to the operations of the Bank:
 
 
The Office of Thrift Supervision has been merged into the OCC and the authority of the other remaining bank regulatory agencies restructured.  The federal thrift charter is preserved under the jurisdiction of the OCC.
 
 
A new independent consumer financial protection bureau was established within the Federal Reserve Board, empowered to exercise broad regulatory, supervisory and enforcement authority with respect to both new and existing consumer financial protection laws. Smaller financial institutions, like the Bank, are subject to the supervision and enforcement of their primary federal banking regulator with respect to the federal consumer financial protection laws.
 
 
Tier 1 capital treatment for “hybrid” capital items like trust preferred securities was eliminated subject to various grandfathering and transition rules.
 
 
The current prohibition on payment of interest on demand deposits was repealed, effective July 21, 2011.
 
 
State law is preempted only if it would have a discriminatory effect on a federal savings association or is preempted by any other federal law. The OCC must make a preemption determination on a case-by-case basis with respect to a particular state law or other state law with substantively equivalent terms.
 
 
Deposit insurance is permanently increased to $250,000 and unlimited deposit insurance for noninterest-bearing transaction accounts extended through December 31, 2012.
 
 
Deposit insurance assessment base calculation equals the depository institution’s total assets minus the sum of its average tangible equity during the assessment period.
 
 
The minimum reserve ratio of the Deposit Insurance Fund increased to 1.35 percent of estimated annual insured deposits or assessment base; however, the FDIC is directed to “offset the effect” of the increased reserve ratio for insured depository institutions with total consolidated assets of less than $10 billion.
 
The following aspects of the financial reform and consumer protection act are related to the operations of the Company and the Mutual Holding Company:
 
 
Authority over savings and loan holding companies transferred to the Federal Reserve Board on July 21, 2011.
 
 
The Home Owners’ Loan Act was amended to provide that leverage capital requirements and risk based capital requirements applicable to depository institutions and bank holding companies will be extended to thrift holding companies.
 
 
The Federal Deposit Insurance Act was amended to direct federal regulators to require depository institution holding companies to serve as a source of strength for their depository institution subsidiaries.
 
 
Public companies are required to provide their shareholders with a non-binding vote: (i) at least once every three years on the compensation paid to executive officers, and (ii) at least once every six years on whether they should have a “say on pay” vote every one, two or three years (however, smaller reporting companies have temporarily been exempted from this requirement until January 21, 2013).
 
 
A separate, non-binding shareholder vote is required regarding golden parachutes for named executive officers when a shareholder vote takes place on mergers, acquisitions, dispositions or other transactions that would trigger the parachute payments.
 
 
Securities exchanges are required to prohibit brokers from using their own discretion to vote shares not beneficially owned by them for certain “significant” matters, which include votes on the election of directors, executive compensation matters, and any other matter determined to be significant.
 
 
Stock exchanges, which includes the Nasdaq, will be prohibited from listing the securities of any issuer that does not have a policy providing for (i) disclosure of its policy on incentive compensation payable on the basis of financial information reportable under the securities laws, and (ii) the recovery from current or former executive officers, following an accounting restatement triggered by material noncompliance with securities law reporting requirements, of any incentive compensation paid erroneously during the three-year period preceding the date on which the restatement was required that exceeds the amount that would have been paid on the basis of the restated financial information.
 
 
Disclosure in annual proxy materials will be required concerning the relationship between the executive compensation paid and the financial performance of the issuer.
 
 
Item 402 of Regulation S-K will be amended to require companies to disclose the ratio of the Chief Executive Officer’s annual total compensation to the median annual total compensation of all other employees.
 
 
Smaller reporting companies are exempt from complying with the internal control auditor attestation requirements of Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act.
 
Regulation of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company
 
Holding Company Acquisitions.  Malvern Federal Bancorp and Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company are savings and loan holding companies under the Home Owners’ Loan Act, as amended, and are subject to examination and supervision by the Federal Reserve Board.  Federal law generally prohibits a savings and loan holding company, without prior FRB approval, from acquiring the ownership or control of any other savings institution or savings and loan holding company, or all, or substantially all, of the assets or more than 5.0% of the voting shares of the savings institution or savings and loan holding company. These provisions also prohibit, among other things, any director or officer of a savings and loan holding company, or any individual who owns or controls more than 25.0% of the voting shares of such holding company, from acquiring control of any savings institution not a subsidiary of such savings and loan holding company, unless the acquisition is approved by the FRB.
 
The FRB may not approve any acquisition that would result in a multiple savings and loan holding company controlling savings institutions in more than one state, subject to two exceptions: (1) the approval of interstate supervisory acquisitions by savings and loan holding companies; and (2) the acquisition of a savings institution in another state if the laws of the state of the target savings institution specifically permit such acquisitions.  The states vary in the extent to which they permit interstate savings and loan holding company acquisitions.
 
Holding Company Activities.  Malvern Federal Bancorp operates as a unitary savings and loan holding company and is permitted to engage only in the activities permitted for financial institution holding companies or for multiple savings and loan holding companies. Multiple savings and loan holding companies are permitted to engage in the following activities: (i) activities permitted for a bank holding company under section 4(c) of the Bank Holding Company Act (unless the Federal Reserve Board prohibits or limits such 4(c) activities); (ii) furnishing or performing management services for a subsidiary savings association; (iii) conducting any insurance agency or escrow business; (iv) holding, managing, or liquidating assets owned by or acquired from a subsidiary savings association; (v) holding or managing properties used or occupied by a subsidiary savings association; (vi) acting as trustee under deeds of trust; or (vii) activities authorized by regulation as of March 5, 1987, to be engaged in by multiple savings and loan holding companies. Under the recently enacted legislation, savings and loan holding companies became subject to statutory capital requirements.  While there are no specific restrictions on the payment of dividends or other capital distributions for savings and loan holding companies, federal regulations do prescribe such restrictions on subsidiary savings institutions, as described below. Malvern Federal Savings Bank is required to notify the Federal Reserve Board 30 days before declaring any dividend. In addition, the financial impact of a holding company on its subsidiary institution is a matter that is evaluated by the Federal Reserve Board and the agency has authority to order cessation of activities or divestiture of subsidiaries deemed to pose a threat to the safety and soundness of the institution.
 
 
All savings associations subsidiaries of savings and loan holding companies are required to meet a qualified thrift lender, or QTL, test to avoid certain restrictions on their operations. If the subsidiary savings institution fails to meet the QTL, as discussed below, then the savings and loan holding company must register with the Federal Reserve Board as a bank holding company, unless the savings institution requalifies as a QTL within one year thereafter.
 
Federal Securities Laws.  Malvern Federal Bancorp has registered its common stock with the Securities and Exchange Commission under Section 12(b) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Malvern Federal Bancorp is subject to the proxy and tender offer rules, insider trading reporting requirements and restrictions, and certain other requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.  Pursuant to the OTS regulations and our plan of stock issuance, we have agreed to maintain such registration for a minimum of three years following completion of the reorganization.
 
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act.  As a public company, Malvern Federal Bancorp is subject to the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 which addresses, among other issues, corporate governance, auditing and accounting, executive compensation, and enhanced and timely disclosure of corporate information. As directed by the Sarbanes-Oxley Act, our principal executive officer and principal financial officer are required to certify that our quarterly and annual reports do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact. The rules adopted by the Securities and Exchange Commission under the Sarbanes-Oxley Act have several requirements, including having these officers certify that: they are responsible for establishing, maintaining and regularly evaluating the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting; they have made certain disclosures to our auditors and the audit committee of the Board of Directors about our internal control over financial reporting; and they have included information in our quarterly and annual reports about their evaluation and whether there have been changes in our internal control over financial reporting or in other factors that could materially affect internal control over financial reporting.
 
Regulation of Malvern Federal Savings Bank
 
General.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank is subject to the regulation of the OCC, as its primary federal regulator and the FDIC, as the insurer of its deposit accounts, and, to a limited extent, the Federal Reserve Board.
 
Malvern Federal Savings Bank
 
As the primary federal regulator of Malvern Federal Savings Bank, the OCC has extensive authority over the operations of federally chartered savings institutions.  As part of this authority, Malvern Federal Savings Bank is required to file periodic reports with the OCC and is subject to periodic examinations by the OCC and the FDIC.  The investment and lending authorities of savings institutions are prescribed by federal laws and regulations, and such institutions are prohibited from engaging in any activities not permitted by such laws and regulations.  Such regulation and supervision is primarily intended for the protection of depositors and the Deposit Insurance Fund, administered by the FDIC.
 
 
The OCC’s enforcement authority over all savings institutions includes, among other things, the ability to assess civil money penalties, to issue cease and desist or removal orders and to initiate injunctive actions.  In general, these enforcement actions may be initiated for violations of laws and regulations and unsafe or unsound practices.  Other actions or inactions may provide the basis for enforcement action, including misleading or untimely reports filed with the OCC.  As previously indicated, the OTS previously entered into Supervisory Agreement with each of the Bank, the Company and the Mutual Holding Company.  The OCC is now the successor in interest to the OTS with respect to the application of the provisions of the Supervisory Agreement to the Bank.  See Item 1, “Business – General.”
 
Insurance of Accounts.  The deposits of Malvern Federal Savings Bank are insured to the maximum extent permitted by the Deposit Insurance Fund and are backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government.  As insurer, the FDIC is authorized to conduct examinations of, and to require reporting by, insured institutions.  It also may prohibit any insured institution from engaging in any activity determined by regulation or order to pose a serious threat to the FDIC.  The FDIC also has the authority to initiate enforcement actions against savings institutions, after giving the OCC an opportunity to take such action.
 
The recently enacted financial institution reform legislation permanently increased deposit insurance on most accounts to $250,000. In addition, pursuant to Section 13(c)(4)(G) of the Federal Deposit Insurance Act, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has implemented two temporary programs to provide deposit insurance for the full amount of most non-interest bearing transaction deposit accounts and to guarantee certain unsecured debt of financial institutions and their holding companies.  Under the unsecured debt program, the FDIC’s guarantee expires on the earlier of the maturity date of the debt or December 31, 2012.  The unlimited deposit insurance for non-interest-bearing transaction accounts was extended by the recently enacted legislation through the end of 2012 for all insured institutions without a separate insurance assessment (but the cost of the additional insurance coverage will be considered under the risk-based assessment system).  Financial institutions could have opted out of either or both of these programs. We did opt out of the temporary liquidity guarantee program.
 
The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation’s risk-based premium system provides for quarterly assessments.  Each insured institution is placed in one of four risk categories depending on supervisory and capital considerations.  Within its risk category, an institution is assigned to an initial base assessment rate which is then adjusted to determine its final assessment rate based on its brokered deposits, secured liabilities and unsecured debt.  The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation recently amended its deposit insurance regulations (1) to change the assessment base for insurance from domestic deposits to average assets minus average tangible equity and (2) to lower overall assessment rates. The revised assessments rates are between 2.5 to 9 basis points for banks in the lowest risk category and between 30 to 45 basis points for banks in the highest risk category. The amendments became effective for the quarter beginning April 1, 2011 with the new assessment methodology being reflected in the premium invoices due September 30, 2011.
 
In 2009, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation collected a five basis point special assessment on each insured depository institution’s assets minus its Tier 1 capital as of June 30, 2009.  The amount of our special assessment, which was paid on September 30, 2009, was an additional expense of $320,000.
 
In 2009, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation also required insured deposit institutions on December 30, 2009 to prepay 13 quarters of estimated insurance assessments.  Our prepayment totaled approximately $3.2 million.  Unlike a special assessment, this prepayment did not immediately affect bank earnings.  Banks will book the prepaid assessment as a non-earning asset and record the actual risk-based premium payments at the end of each quarter.
 
In addition, all institutions with deposits insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation are required to pay assessments to fund interest payments on bonds issued by the Financing Corporation, a mixed-ownership government corporation established to recapitalize the predecessor to the Deposit Insurance Fund.  These assessments will continue until the Financing Corporation bonds mature in 2019.

 
The FDIC may terminate the deposit insurance of any insured depository institution, including the Bank, if it determines after a hearing that the institution has engaged or is engaging in unsafe or unsound practices, is in an unsafe or unsound condition to continue operations, or has violated any applicable law, regulation, order or any condition imposed by an agreement with the FDIC. It also may suspend deposit insurance temporarily during the hearing process for the permanent termination of insurance, if the institution has no tangible capital. If insurance of accounts is terminated, the accounts at the institution at the time of the termination, less subsequent withdrawals, shall continue to be insured for a period of six months to two years, as determined by the FDIC. Management is not aware of any existing circumstances which could result in termination of the Bank’s deposit insurance.
 
Regulatory Capital Requirements.  Federally insured savings institutions are required to maintain minimum levels of regulatory capital.  The OCC has established capital standards consisting of a “tangible capital requirement,” a “leverage capital requirement” and “a risk-based capital requirement.”  The OCC also is authorized to impose capital requirements in excess of these standards on individual institutions on a case-by-case basis.
 
Current OCC capital standards require savings institutions to satisfy the following capital requirements:
 
 
tangible capital requirement – “tangible” capital equal to at least 1.5% of adjusted total assets;
 
 
leverage capital requirement – “core” capital equal to at least 3.0% of adjusted total assets for the most highly rated institutions;
 
 
an additional “cushion” of at least 100 basis points of core capital for all but the most highly rated savings associations effectively increasing their minimum Tier 1 leverage ratio to 4.0% or more; and
 
 
risk-based capital requirement – “total” capital (a combination of core and “supplementary” capital) equal to at least 8.0% of “risk-weighted” assets.
 
Core capital generally consists of common stockholders’ equity (including retained earnings).  Tangible capital generally equals core capital minus intangible assets, with only a limited exception for purchased mortgage servicing rights.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank had no intangible assets at September 30, 2011.  Both core and tangible capital are further reduced by an amount equal to a savings institution’s debt and equity investments in subsidiaries engaged in activities not permissible to national banks (other than subsidiaries engaged in activities undertaken as agent for customers or in mortgage banking activities and subsidiary depository institutions or their holding companies).  These adjustments do not affect Malvern Federal Savings Bank’s regulatory capital.
 
In determining compliance with the risk-based capital requirement, a savings institution is allowed to include both core capital and supplementary capital in its total capital, provided that the amount of supplementary capital included does not exceed the savings institution’s core capital.  Supplementary capital generally consists of general allowances for loan losses up to a maximum of 1.25% of risk-weighted assets, together with certain other items.  In determining the required amount of risk-based capital, total assets, including certain off-balance sheet items, are multiplied by a risk weight based on the risks inherent in the type of assets.  The risk weights range from 0% for cash and securities issued by the U.S. Government or unconditionally backed by the full faith and credit of the U.S. Government to 100% for loans (other than qualifying residential loans weighted at 80%) and repossessed assets.
 
Savings institutions must value securities available for sale at amortized cost for regulatory capital purposes.  This means that in computing regulatory capital, savings institutions should add back any unrealized losses and deduct any unrealized gains, net of income taxes, on debt securities reported as a separate component of GAAP capital.
 
At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank exceeded all of its regulatory capital requirements, with tangible, core and total risk-based capital ratios of 7.54%, 7.54% and 12.01%, respectively.

 
Any savings institution that fails any of the capital requirements is subject to possible enforcement actions by the OCC or the FDIC.  Such actions could include a capital directive, a cease and desist order, civil money penalties, the establishment of restrictions on the institution’s operations, termination of federal deposit insurance and the appointment of a conservator or receiver.  The OCC’s capital regulation provides that such actions, through enforcement proceedings or otherwise, could require one or more of a variety of corrective actions.
 
Prompt Corrective Action.  The following table shows the amount of capital associated with the different capital categories set forth in the prompt corrective action regulations.
 
Capital Category
 
Total
Risk-Based Capital
 
Tier 1
Risk-Based Capital
 
Tier 1
Leverage Capital
Well capitalized                                              
 
10% or more
 
6% or more
 
5% or more
Adequately capitalized                                              
 
  8% or more
 
4% or more
 
4% or more
Undercapitalized                                              
 
Less than 8%
 
Less than 4%
 
Less than 4%
Significantly undercapitalized
 
Less than 6%
 
Less than 3%
 
Less than 3%
 
In addition, an institution is “critically undercapitalized” if it has a ratio of tangible equity to total assets that is equal to or less than 2.0%.  Under specified circumstances, a federal banking agency may reclassify a well capitalized institution as adequately capitalized and may require an adequately capitalized institution or an undercapitalized institution to comply with supervisory actions as if it were in the next lower category (except that the FDIC may not reclassify a significantly undercapitalized institution as critically undercapitalized).
 
An institution generally must file a written capital restoration plan which meets specified requirements within 45 days of the date that the institution receives notice or is deemed to have notice that it is undercapitalized, significantly undercapitalized or critically undercapitalized.  A federal banking agency must provide the institution with written notice of approval or disapproval within 60 days after receiving a capital restoration plan, subject to extensions by the agency.  An institution which is required to submit a capital restoration plan must concurrently submit a performance guaranty by each company that controls the institution.  In addition, undercapitalized institutions are subject to various regulatory restrictions, and the appropriate federal banking agency also may take any number of discretionary supervisory actions.
 
At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank was not subject to the above mentioned restrictions.
 
The table below sets forth Malvern Federal Savings Bank’s capital position relative to its regulatory capital requirements at September 30, 2011.
 
   
Actual
   
Required for
Capital
Adequacy
Purposes
   
To Be Well
Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective Action Provisions
   
Excess Over
Well-Capitalized
Provision
 
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
   
Amount
   
Ratio
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)
  $ 55,493       12.01 %   $ 36,952       8.00 %   $ 46,190       10.00 %   $ 9,303       2.01 %
Tier 1 risk-based capital (to risk-weighted assets)
  $ 49,681       10.76     $ 18,476       4.00     $ 27,714       6.00     $ 21,967       4.76  
Tier 1 leverage capital (to adjusted tangible assets)
  $ 49,681       7.54     $ 26,342       4.00     $ 32,928       5.00     $ 16,753       2.54  
 
 
Capital Distributions.  OCC regulations govern capital distributions by savings institutions, which include cash dividends, stock repurchases and other transactions charged to the capital account of a savings institution to make capital distributions.  A savings institution must file an application for OCC approval of the capital distribution if either (1) the total capital distributions for the applicable calendar year exceed the sum of the institution’s net income for that year to date plus the institution’s retained net income for the preceding two years, (2) the institution would not be at least adequately capitalized following the distribution, (3) the distribution would violate any applicable statute, regulation, agreement or OCC-imposed condition, or (4) the institution is not eligible for expedited treatment of its filings.  If an application is not required to be filed, savings institutions which are a subsidiary of a savings and loan holding company (as well as certain other institutions) must still file a notice with the OCC at least 30 days before the board of directors declares a dividend or approves a capital distribution.  The Supervisory Agreement prohibits Malvern Federal Savings from making any capital distributions without the prior written approval of the OCC.
 
An institution that either before or after a proposed capital distribution fails to meet its then applicable minimum capital requirement or that has been notified that it needs more than normal supervision may not make any capital distributions without the prior written approval of the OCC. In addition, the OCC may prohibit a proposed capital distribution, which would otherwise be permitted by OCC regulations, if the OCC determines that such distribution would constitute an unsafe or unsound practice.
 
Under federal rules, an insured depository institution may not pay any dividend if payment would cause it to become undercapitalized or if it is already undercapitalized. In addition, federal regulators have the authority to restrict or prohibit the payment of dividends for safety and soundness reasons. The FDIC also prohibits an insured depository institution from paying dividends on its capital stock or interest on its capital notes or debentures (if such interest is required to be paid only out of net profits) or distributing any of its capital assets while it remains in default in the payment of any assessment due the FDIC.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank is currently not in default in any assessment payment to the FDIC.
 
Qualified Thrift Lender Test.  All savings institutions are required to meet a qualified thrift lender, or QTL, test to avoid certain restrictions on their operations.  A savings institution can comply with the QTL test by either qualifying as a domestic building and loan association as defined in the Internal Revenue Code or meeting the QTL test of the OCC.
 
Currently, the OCC’s QTL test requires that 65% of an institution’s “portfolio assets” (as defined) consist of certain housing and consumer-related assets on a monthly average basis in nine out of every 12 months. To be a qualified thrift lender under the IRS test, the savings institution must meet a “business operations test” and a “60 percent assets test,” each defined in the Internal Revenue Code.
 
If the savings institution fails to maintain its QTL status, the holding company’s activities are restricted.  In addition, it must discontinue any non-permissible business within three years.  Nonetheless, any company that controls a savings institution that is not a qualified thrift lender must register as a bank holding company within one year of the savings institution’s failure to meet the QTL test.
 
Statutory penalty provisions prohibit an institution that fails to remain a QTL from the following:
 
 
Making any new investments or engaging in any new activity not allowed for both a national bank and a savings association;
 
 
Establishing any new branch office unless allowable for a national bank; and
 
 
Paying dividends unless allowable for a national bank.
 
 
Three years from the date a savings association should have become or ceases to be a QTL, by failing to meet either QTL test, the institution must comply with the following restriction:
 
 
Dispose of any investment or not engage in any activity unless the investment or activity is allowed for both a national bank and a savings association.
 
Under the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, a savings institution not in compliance with the QTL test is also prohibited from paying dividends and is also subject to an enforcement action for violation of the Home Owners’ Loan Act, as amended.
 
At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank met the requirements to be deemed a QTL.
 
Limitations on Transactions with Affiliates.  Transactions between savings associations and any affiliate are governed by Sections 23A and 23B of the Federal Reserve Act as made applicable to savings associations by Section 11 of the Home Owners’ Loan Act.  An affiliate of a savings association includes any company or entity which controls the savings institution or that is controlled by with a company that controls the savings association.  In a holding company context, the holding company of a savings association (such as Malvern Federal Bancorp) and any companies which are controlled by such holding company are affiliates of the savings association.  Generally, Section 23A limits the extent to which the savings association or its subsidiaries may engage in covered transactions with any one affiliate to an amount equal to 10% of such association’s capital stock and surplus, and contains an aggregate limit on all such transactions with all affiliates to an amount equal to 20% of such capital stock and surplus.  Section 23B applies to covered transactions as well as certain other transactions and requires that all transactions be on terms substantially the same, or at least as favorable, to the savings association as those provided to a non-affiliate.  The term covered transaction includes the making of loans to, purchase of assets from and issuance of a guarantee to an affiliate and similar transactions.  Section 23B transactions also include the provision of services and the sale of assets by a savings association to an affiliate.  In addition to the restrictions imposed by Sections 23A and 23B, Section 11 of the Home Owners’ Loan Act prohibits a savings association from (i) making a loan or other extension of credit to an affiliate, except for any affiliate which engages only in certain activities which are permissible for bank holding companies, or (ii) purchasing or investing in any stocks, bonds, debentures, notes or similar obligations of any affiliate, except for affiliates which are subsidiaries of the savings association.
 
In addition, Sections 22(g) and (h) of the Federal Reserve Act as made applicable to savings associations by Section 11 of the Home Owners’ Loan Act, place restrictions on loans to executive officers, directors and principal shareholders of the savings association and its affiliates.  Under Section 22(h), loans to a director, an executive officer and to a greater than 10% shareholder of a savings association, and certain affiliated interests of either, may not exceed, together with all other outstanding loans to such person and affiliated interests, the savings association’s loans to one borrower limit (generally equal to 15% of the association’s unimpaired capital and surplus).  Section 22(h) also requires that loans to directors, executive officers and principal shareholders be made on terms substantially the same as offered in comparable transactions to other persons unless the loans are made pursuant to a benefit or compensation program that (i) is widely available to employees of the association and (ii) does not give preference to any director, executive officer or principal shareholder, or certain affiliated interests of either, over other employees of the savings association.  Section 22(h) also requires prior board approval for certain loans.  In addition, the aggregate amount of extensions of credit by a savings association to all insiders cannot exceed the association’s unimpaired capital and surplus.  Furthermore, Section 22(g) places additional restrictions on loans to executive officers.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank currently is subject to Sections 22(g) and (h) of the Federal Reserve Act and at September 30, 2011, was in compliance with the above restrictions.
 
Community Reinvestment Act.  All federal savings associations have a responsibility under the Community Reinvestment Act and related regulations to help meet the credit needs of their communities, including low- and moderate-income neighborhoods. An institution’s failure to comply with the provisions of the Community Reinvestment Act could result in restrictions on its activities.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank received a “satisfactory” Community Reinvestment Act rating in its most recently completed examination.
 
 
Anti-Money Laundering.  On October 26, 2001, in response to the events of September 11, 2001, the President of the United States signed into law the Uniting and Strengthening America by Providing Appropriate Tools Required to Intercept and Obstruct Terrorism Act of 2001 (referred to as the USA PATRIOT Act).  The USA PATRIOT Act significantly expands the responsibilities of financial institutions, including savings and loan associations, in preventing the use of the U.S. financial system to fund terrorist activities. Title III of the USA PATRIOT Act provides for a significant overhaul of the U.S. anti-money laundering regime. Among other provisions, it requires financial institutions operating in the United States to develop new anti-money laundering compliance programs, due diligence policies and controls to ensure the detection and reporting of money laundering. Such compliance programs are intended to supplement existing compliance requirements, also applicable to financial institutions, under the Bank Secrecy Act and the Office of Foreign Assets Control Regulations.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank has established policies and procedures to ensure compliance with the USA PATRIOT Act’s provisions, and the impact of the USA PATRIOT Act on our operations has not been material.
 
Federal Home Loan Bank System.  Malvern Federal Savings Bank is a member of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh, which is one of 12 regional Federal Home Loan Banks that administers the home financing credit function of savings institutions.  Each FHLB serves as a reserve or central bank for its members within its assigned region.  It is funded primarily from proceeds derived from the sale of consolidated obligations of the FHLB System.  It makes loans to members (i.e., advances) in accordance with policies and procedures established by the board of directors of the FHLB.  At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank had $49.1 million of FHLB advances and nothing outstanding on its line of credit with the FHLB.
 
As a member, Malvern Federal Savings Bank is required to purchase and maintain stock in the FHLB of Pittsburgh in an amount equal to at least 1.0% of its aggregate unpaid residential mortgage loans or similar obligations at the beginning of each year.  At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank had $5.3 million in FHLB stock, which was in compliance with this requirement.
 
The Federal Home Loan Banks are required to provide funds for the resolution of troubled savings institutions and to contribute to affordable housing programs through direct loans or interest subsidies on advances targeted for community investment and low- and moderate-income housing projects.  The FHLB has announced that it has a risk-based capital deficiency under the regulations of the Federal Housing Finance Agency (“FHFA”), its primary regulator, and that it would suspend future dividends and the repurchase and redemption of outstanding capital stock. The FHLB has communicated that it believes the calculation of risk-based capital under the current rules of the FHFA significantly overstates the market risk of the FHLB’s private-label mortgage-backed securities in the current market environment and that it has enough capital to cover the risks reflected in the FHLB’s balance sheet. As a result, an “other than temporary impairment” has not been recorded for the Bank’s investment in FHLB stock. However, continued deterioration in the FHLB’s financial position may result in impairment in the value of those securities. Management will continue to monitor the financial condition of the FHLB as it relates to, among other things, the recoverability of the Bank’s investment.
 
Federal Reserve System.  The Federal Reserve Board requires all depository institutions to maintain reserves against their transaction accounts (primarily NOW and Super NOW checking accounts) and non-personal time deposits.  Because required reserves must be maintained in the form of vault cash or a noninterest-bearing account at a Federal Reserve Bank, the effect of this reserve requirement is to reduce an institution’s earning assets. At September 30, 2011, Malvern Federal Savings Bank had met its reserve requirement.
 
 
TAXATION
 
Federal Taxation
 
General.  Malvern Federal Bancorp and Malvern Federal Savings Bank are subject to federal income taxation in the same general manner as other corporations with some exceptions listed below.  The following discussion of federal, state and local income taxation is only intended to summarize certain pertinent income tax matters and is not a comprehensive description of the applicable tax rules. Malvern Federal Bancorp files a consolidated federal income tax return with Malvern Federal Savings. Malvern Federal Bancorp federal and state income tax returns for taxable years through September 30, 2008 have been closed for purposes of examination by the Internal Revenue Service or the Pennsylvania Department of Revenue.
 
Method of Accounting.  For federal income tax purposes, we report income and expenses on the accrual method of accounting and file our federal income tax return on a fiscal year basis.
 
Bad Debt Reserves.  The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 eliminated the use of the reserve method of accounting for bad debt reserves by savings institutions, effective for taxable years beginning after 1995.  Prior to that time, Malvern Federal Savings Bank was permitted to establish a reserve for bad debts and to make additions to the reserve.  These additions could, within specified formula limits, be deducted in arriving at taxable income.  As a result of the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, savings associations must use the specific charge-off method in computing their bad debt deduction beginning with their 1996 federal tax return.  In addition, federal legislation required the recapture over a six year period of the excess of tax bad debt reserves at December 31, 1995 over those established as of December 31, 1987.
 
Taxable Distributions and Recapture.  Prior to the Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996, bad debt reserves created prior to January 1, 1988 were subject to recapture into taxable income if Malvern Federal Savings Bank failed to meet certain thrift asset and definitional tests.  New federal legislation eliminated these savings association related recapture rules.  However, under current law, pre-1988 reserves remain subject to recapture should Malvern Federal Savings Bank make certain non-dividend distributions or cease to maintain a bank charter.
 
At September 30, 2011, the total federal pre-1988 reserve was approximately $1.6 million. The reserve reflects the cumulative effects of federal tax deductions by Malvern Federal Savings for which no federal income tax provisions have been made.
 
Alternative Minimum Tax.  The Internal Revenue Code imposes a tentative minimum tax at a rate of 20% of the corporation’s alternative minimum taxable income.  A corporation’s alternative minimum taxable income consists of a base of regular taxable income plus certain tax preferences.  The alternative minimum tax is payable to the extent such tentative minimum tax is in excess of the regular income tax.  Net operating losses, of which Malvern Federal Bancorp has none, can offset no more than 90% of alternative minimum taxable income.  Certain payments of alternative minimum tax may be used as credits against regular tax liabilities in future years.  Malvern Federal Bancorp has not been subject to the alternative minimum tax and does not have any such amounts available as credits for carryover.
 
Corporate Dividends-Received Deduction. Malvern Federal Bancorp may exclude from its income 100% of dividends received from Malvern Federal Savings Bank as a member of the same affiliated group of corporations.  The corporate dividends received deduction is 80% in the case of dividends received from corporations which a corporate recipient owns less than 80%, but at least 20% of the distribution corporation. Corporations which own less than 20% of the stock of a corporation distributing a dividend may deduct only 70% of dividends received.
 
 
State and Local Taxation
 
Pennsylvania Taxation.  Malvern Federal Bancorp is subject to the Pennsylvania Corporate Net Income Tax, Capital Stock and Franchise Tax.  The Corporate Net Income Tax rate for 2011 is 9.99% and is imposed on unconsolidated taxable income for federal purposes with certain adjustments.  In general, the Capital Stock and Franchise Tax is a tax imposed on a corporation’s capital stock value at a statutorily defined rate, such value being determined in accordance with a fixed formula based upon average net income and net worth.
 
Malvern Federal Savings Bank is subject to tax under the Pennsylvania Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax Act, as amended to include thrift institutions having capital stock.  Pursuant to the Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax, the tax rate is 11.5%.  The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax exempts Malvern Federal Savings Bank from other taxes imposed by the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania for state income tax purposes and from all local taxation imposed by political subdivisions, except taxes on real estate and real estate transfers.  The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax is a tax upon net earnings, determined in accordance with GAAP with certain adjustments.  The Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax, in computing income according to GAAP, allows for the deduction of interest earned on state, federal and local obligations, while disallowing a percentage of a thrift’s interest expense deduction in the proportion of interest income on those securities to the overall interest income of Malvern Federal Savings Bank.  Net operating losses, if any, thereafter can be carried forward three years for Mutual Thrift Institutions Tax purposes.
 
Item 1A. Risk Factors.
 
In analyzing whether to make or to continue an investment in our securities, investors should consider, among other factors, the following risk factors.
 
Our Portfolio of Loans Continues to Include a Significant Amount of Loans with a Higher Risk of Loss
 
Until last year, our business plan had included as a strategy the increased originations of commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans and second mortgages (home equity loans).  These loans have a higher risk of default and loss than single-family residential mortgage loans.  The aggregate amount of our commercial real estate loans, construction and development loans and second mortgages (home equity loans) amounted to $245.8 million, or 47.9% of our total loan portfolio at September 30, 2011.  Commercial real estate and construction and development loans generally are considered to involve a higher degree of risk due to a variety of factors, including generally larger loan balances and loan terms which often do not require full amortization of the loan over its term and, instead, provide for a balloon payment at the stated maturity date. Repayment of commercial real estate loans generally is dependent on income being generated by the rental property or underlying business in amounts sufficient to cover operating expenses and debt service. Repayment of construction and development loans generally is dependent on the successful completion of the project and the ability of the borrower to repay the loan from the sale of the property or obtaining permanent financing.  Our second mortgage loans generally are considered to involve a higher degree of risk than single-family residential mortgage loans due to the generally higher loan-to-value ratios and their secondary position in the collateral to the existing first mortgage.
 
 
The Current Economic Environment Poses Significant Challenges For Us and Could Continue to Adversely Affect Our Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
Dramatic declines in the housing market, with continuing stagnant home prices and relatively high levels of delinquencies and foreclosures, have negatively impacted the credit performance of mortgage and construction loans and resulted in significant write-downs of assets by many financial institutions across the United States. General economic trends, limited availability of commercial credit and persistent high levels of unemployment have negatively impacted the credit performance of commercial and consumer credit, resulting in additional write-downs. Concerns over the stability of the financial markets and the economy have resulted in decreased lending by financial institutions to their customers and to each other. This market turmoil and tightening of credit has led to increased commercial and consumer deficiencies, lack of customer confidence, increased market volatility and widespread reduction in general business activity. The resulting economic pressure on consumers and businesses and the lack of confidence in the financial markets has adversely affected our business, financial condition, results of operations and stock price. A worsening of these conditions would likely exacerbate the adverse effects of these difficult market conditions on us and others in the financial institutions industry.  We may also face the following risks in connection with these events:
 
 
Economic conditions have negatively affected housing prices and demand, the job market and the demand for other goods and services and have resulted, and may continue to cause, a deterioration in credit quality in the Company’s loan portfolios, and such deterioration in credit quality has had, and could continue to have, a negative impact on the Company’s business.
 
 
Market developments may continue to adversely affect consumer confidence levels and may cause adverse changes in payment patterns, causing increases in delinquencies and default rates on loans and other credit facilities.
 
 
The processes we use to estimate allowance for loan losses and reserves may no longer be reliable because they rely on complex judgments, including forecasts of economic conditions, which may no longer be capable of accurate estimation.
 
 
Our ability to assess the creditworthiness of our customers may be impaired if the models and approaches we use to select, manage, and underwrite our customers become less predictive of future charge-offs.
 
 
We face increased regulation of our industry, and compliance with such regulation may increase our costs, limit our ability to pursue business opportunities and increase compliance challenges.
 
 
The carrying value of our other real estate owned, which totaled $8.3 million and $5.3 million at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, has been adversely affected and continuing declines in property values in our market area could require us to record additional write-downs in future periods.
 
As these conditions or similar ones continue to exist or worsen, we could experience continuing or increased adverse effects on our financial condition.
 
The Company May Need to Continue to Increase Its Allowance for Loan Losses. We Have Also Experienced and May Continue to Experience Increases in Net Charge-Offs
 
Our customers may not repay their loans according to the original terms, and the collateral securing the payment of those loans may be insufficient to pay any remaining loan balance. While we maintain an allowance for loan losses to provide for loan defaults and non-performance, losses may exceed the value of the collateral securing the loans and the allowance may not fully cover any excess loss.
 
We make various assumptions and judgments about the collectability of our loan portfolio, including the creditworthiness of our borrowers and the value of the real estate and other assets serving as collateral for the repayment of loans. Our allowance for loan losses is based on these judgments, as well as historical loss experience and an evaluation of the other risks associated with our loan portfolio, including but not limited to, the size and composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and geographic concentrations within the portfolio. Federal regulatory agencies, as part of their examination process, review our loans and allowance for loan losses. If our assumptions or judgments used to determine the allowance prove to be incorrect, if the value of the collateral securing the loans decreases substantially or if our regulators disagree with our judgments, we may need to increase the allowance in amounts that exceed our expectations. Material additions to the allowance would adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.
 
We recorded a $12.4 million provision for loan losses during the year ended September 30, 2011, compared to a $9.4 million provision for the year ended September 30, 2010. Our non-performing assets amounted to $21.2 million or 3.19% of total assets at September 30, 2011, compared to $25.2 million or 3.49% of total assets at September 30, 2010. We had net charge-offs of $10.4 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared with $6.9 million of net charge-offs for the year ended September 30, 2010.
 
 
The increase in the provision for loan losses in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 was in response to, among other factors, the increased level of loan charge-offs in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 and the continuing high level of non-performing loans. In light of the elevated levels of our non-performing assets and classified assets and the continuing effects of the on-going economic recession in our market area, no assurance can be given that significant additional provisions for loan losses and /or additional charge-offs may not be necessitated in future periods.
 
The Supervisory Agreements Limit Our Ability to Grow and to Pay Dividends and Impose Other Restrictions Which May Adversely Affect Our Results of Operations And the Market Value of Our Common Stock
 
In October 2010, the Bank, the Company and the Mutual Holding Company entered into the Supervisory Agreements.  See Item 1, “Business – General” in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  As a result of the Supervisory Agreement, the Bank must limit its asset growth in any quarter to an amount which does not exceed the amount of net interest credited on deposit liabilities during the quarter, unless otherwise permitted by the OCC.  In addition, the Supervisory Agreements impose a number of operating restrictions, including a provision which prohibits, with certain exceptions, any new commercial real estate loans or commercial and industrial loans without the prior written non-objection of the OCC, and imposes requirements that the Bank revise and/or implement and monitor various identified policies, procedures and reports.  Compliance efforts related to the Supervisory Agreements have increased our non-interest expense.  In addition, the restrictions in the Supervisory Agreements on our ability to declare or pay dividends without the prior written approval of the OCC may adversely affect the market value of our common stock.
 
Higher Interest Rates Would Hurt Our Profitability
 
Management is unable to predict fluctuations of market interest rates, which are affected by many factors, including inflation, recession, unemployment, monetary policy, domestic and international disorder and instability in domestic and foreign financial markets, and investor and consumer demand.
 
Our primary source of income is net interest income, which is the difference between the interest income generated by our interest-earning assets (consisting primarily of single-family residential loans) and the interest expense generated by our interest-bearing liabilities (consisting primarily of deposits). The level of net interest income is primarily a function of the average balance of our interest-earning assets, the average balance of our interest-bearing liabilities, and the spread between the yield on such assets and the cost of such liabilities. These factors are influenced by both the pricing and mix of our interest-earning assets and our interest-bearing liabilities which, in turn, are impacted by such external factors as the local economy, competition for loans and deposits, the monetary policy of the Federal Open Market Committee of the Federal Reserve Board of Governors (the “FOMC”), and market interest rates.
 
A sustained increase in market interest rates could adversely affect our earnings.  A significant portion of our loans have fixed interest rates and longer terms than our deposits and borrowings and our net interest income could be adversely affected if the rates we pay on deposits and borrowings increase more rapidly than the rates we earn on loans.  In addition, the market value of our fixed-rate assets would decline if interest rates increase.  For example, we estimate that as of September 30, 2011, a 300 basis point increase in interest rates would have resulted in our net portfolio value declining by approximately $5.2 million or 8%.  Net portfolio value is the difference between incoming and outgoing discounted cash flows from assets, liabilities and off-balance sheet contracts.  See “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – How We Manage Market Risk.”
 
 
The Ability to Realize Our Deferred Tax Asset May Be Reduced, Which May Adversely Impact Results of Operations
 
  Realization of a deferred tax asset requires us to exercise significant judgment and is inherently uncertain because it requires the prediction of future occurrences. Our net deferred tax asset amounted to $7.5 million at September 30, 2011.  We have not established a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax asset as we believe it is more likely than not that the entire amount of the asset will be realized.  In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, we must estimate our taxable income in future years.  Our deferred tax asset may be reduced in the future if estimates of future income or our tax planning strategies do not support the amount of the deferred tax asset. If it is determined that a valuation allowance with respect to our deferred tax asset is necessary, we may incur a charge to earnings and a reduction to regulatory capital for the amount included therein.
 
The Loss of Senior Management Could Hurt Our Operations
 
  We rely heavily on our executive officers, Messrs. Anderson, Boyle, Hughes and Fuchs.  The loss of one or more members of senior management could have an adverse effect on us because, as a relatively small community bank, our senior executive officers have more responsibility than would be typical at a larger financial institution with more employees.  In addition, we have fewer management-level personnel who are in a position to assume the responsibilities of our senior executive officers.
 
Strong Competition Within Our Market Area Could Hurt Our Profits and Slow Growth
 
  We face intense competition in making loans, attracting deposits and hiring and retaining experienced employees.  This competition has made it more difficult for us to make new loans and attract deposits.  Price competition for loans and deposits sometimes results in us charging lower interest rates on our loans and paying higher interest rates on our deposits, which reduces our net interest income.  Competition also makes it more difficult and costly to attract and retain qualified employees.  Some of the institutions with which we compete have substantially greater resources and lending limits than we have and may offer services that we do not provide.  We expect competition to increase in the future as a result of legislative, regulatory and technological changes and the continuing trend of consolidation in the financial services industry.  Our profitability depends upon our continued ability to compete successfully in our market area.
 
The Effects of the Current Economic Conditions Have Been Particularly Severe in Our Primary Market Areas
 
  Substantially all of our loans are to individuals, businesses and real estate developers in Chester County, Pennsylvania and neighboring areas in southern Pennsylvania and our business depends significantly on general economic conditions in these market areas. Severe declines in housing prices and property values have been particularly acute in our primary market areas. A further deterioration in economic conditions or a prolonged delay in economic recovery in our primary market areas could result in the following consequences, any of which could have a material adverse effect on our business:
 
Loan delinquencies may increase further;
 
Problem assets and foreclosures may increase further;
 
Demand for our products and services may decline;
  
The carrying value of our other real estate owned may decline further; and
 
Collateral for loans made by us, especially real estate, may continue to decline in value, in turn reducing a customer’s borrowing power, and reducing the value of assets and collateral associated with our loans.
 
 
Increased and/or Special Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation Assessments Will Hurt Our Earnings
 
There has been a high level of bank failures in recent years, which has dramatically increased Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation resolution costs and led to a significant reduction in the balance of the Deposit Insurance Fund. As a result, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation has significantly increased the initial base assessment rates paid by financial institutions for deposit insurance. Increases in the base assessment rate have increased our deposit insurance costs and negatively impacted our earnings. In addition, in May 2009, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation imposed a special assessment on all insured institutions. Our special assessment, which was reflected in earnings for the year ended September 30, 2009, was $320,000. In lieu of imposing an additional special assessment, the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation required all institutions to prepay their assessments for the fourth quarter of 2009 and all of 2010, 2011 and 2012. Additional increases in the base assessment rate or special assessments would negatively impact our earnings.
 
We Operate In a Highly Regulated Environment and We May Be Adversely Affected By Changes in Laws and Regulations
 
 We are subject to extensive regulation, supervision and examination by the FRB, our primary federal regulator, the OCC, the Bank’s primary federal regulator, and by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation, as insurer of the Bank’s deposits.  Such regulation and supervision governs the activities in which an institution and its holding company may engage and are intended primarily for the protection of the insurance fund and the depositors and borrowers of the Bank rather than for holders of our common stock.  Regulatory authorities have extensive discretion in their supervisory and enforcement activities, including the imposition of restrictions on our operations, the classification of our assets and determination of the level of our allowance for loan losses. Any change in such regulation and oversight, whether in the form of regulatory policy, regulations, legislation or supervisory action, may have a material impact on our operations.
 
Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments.
 
Not applicable.
 
 
Item 2. Properties.
 
We currently conduct business from our headquarters and eight full-service financial center offices.  The following table sets forth the net book value of the land, building and leasehold improvements and certain other information with respect to the our offices at September 30, 2011.  We maintain automated teller machines (“ATMs”) at each of our branch offices.
 
Description/Address
 
Leased/Owned
 
Date of Lease
Expiration
   
Net Book
Value of
Property
   
Amount of
Deposits
 
               
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Paoli Financial Center and Headquarters
34 East Lancaster Avenue and
42 East Lancaster Avenue
Paoli, PA 19301
 
Owned
    N/A     $ 3,625     $ 199,775  
                             
Malvern Financial Center
100 West King Street
Malvern, PA 19355
 
Owned
    N/A       32       60,486  
                             
Exton Financial Center
109 North Pottstown Pike
Exton, PA 19341
 
Owned
    N/A       287       59,183  
                             
Coventry Financial Center
1000 Ridge Road
Pottstown, PA 19465
 
Owned
    N/A       342       64,856  
                             
Berwyn Financial Center
650 Lancaster Avenue
Berwyn, PA 19313
 
Owned
    N/A       666       48,492  
                             
Lionville Financial Center
537 West Uwchlan Avenue
Downingtown, PA 19335
 
Owned
    N/A       914       32,916  
                             
Westtown Financial Center
100 Skiles Boulevard
West Chester, PA 19382
 
Leased
    2015       153       41,220  
                             
Concordville Financial Center
940 Baltimore Pike
Glen Mills, PA 19342
 
Leased
    2030       468       47,527  
 
 
Item 3.  Legal Proceedings.
 
On June 3, 2011, a lawsuit was filed by Stilwell Value Partners VI, L.P., on its own behalf and on a derivative basis as a shareholder with respect to certain claims, in the Court of Common Pleas of Chester County, Pennsylvania, naming as defendants each of the Company’s directors, the Mutual Holding Company and the Company.  Stilwell Value Partners VI, L.P. v. Hughes, et al.  The complaint alleges that the directors have breached their fiduciary duties by not undertaking a “second step” conversion of the mutual holding company and requests, among other things, that the Company’s board of directors be increased by at least three new members, that such new members be given responsibility to determine whether the Company should engage in a second step conversion and that the Court order the Company to engage in a second step conversion.  In a separate derivative demand letter, plaintiff asserts damages ranging from $25.0 million to in excess of $60.0 million.  The Company believes that the claims asserted are without merit and is vigorously defending the case.
 
Item 4.  (Removed and Reserved).
 
Not Applicable.
 
PART II
 
Item 5.  Market for the Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities.
 
(a)           Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.’s common stock is listed on the NASDAQ Global Market under the symbol “MLVF”.  The common stock was issued at a price of $10.00 per share in connection with the Bank’s mutual holding company reorganization and the initial public offering of the Company’s common stock. The common stock commenced trading on the NASDAQ Stock Market on May 20, 2008.  As of the close of business on September 30, 2011, there were 6,102,500 shares of common stock outstanding, held by approximately 582 stockholders of record, not including the number of persons or entities whose stock is held in nominee or “street” name through various brokerage firms and banks.
 
The following table sets forth the high and low prices of the Company’s common stock as reported by the NASDAQ Stock Market and cash dividends declared per share for the periods indicated.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
High
   
Low
   
High
   
Low
 
                         
First Quarter
  $ 7.50     $ 5.05     $ 9.70     $ 9.05  
Second Quarter
  $ 8.99     $ 7.10     $ 9.80     $ 9.00  
Third Quarter
  $ 8.72     $ 6.76     $ 9.85     $ 8.40  
Fourth Quarter
  $ 7.75     $ 6.53     $ 8.65     $ 6.66  
 
The following table summarized the cash dividends per share of common stock declared by the Company during the periods indicated.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
             
First Quarter
  $ 0.03     $ 0.03  
Second Quarter
    -     $ 0.03  
Third Quarter
    -     $ 0.03  
Fourth Quarter
    -     $ 0.03  
 
 
Pursuant to the terms of the Supervisory Agreement, the Company is prohibited from declaring or paying any dividends or making any other capital distributions (as defined) without receiving the prior written approval of the OCC.
 
(b)           Not applicable.
 
 
(c)
Purchase of Equity Securities
 
Not applicable.
 
 
Item 6.  Selected Financial Data.
 
Set forth below is selected financial and other data of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.  You should read the financial statements and related notes contained in Item 8 hereof which provide more detailed information.
 
   
At September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
   
2008
   
2007
 
Selected Financial Condition Data:
 
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Total assets
  $ 666,568     $ 720,506     $ 691,639     $ 639,509     $ 551,932  
Loans receivable, net
    506,019       547,323       593,565       571,536       466,192  
Loans held for sale
    -       -       -       -       9,258  
Securities held to maturity
    3,797       4,716       4,842       2,870       1,479  
Securities available for sale
    74,389       40,719       27,098       21,969       29,098  
FHLB borrowings
    49,098       55,334       99,621       113,798       71,387  
Deposits
    554,455       596,858       516,511       453,493       433,488  
Shareholders’ equity
    60,284       66,207       69,842       68,836       44,039  
Total liabilities
    606,284       654,299       621,796       570,673       507,893  
Allowance for loan losses
    10,101       8,157       5,718       5,505       4,541  
Non-accrual loans
    12,915       19,861       14,195       8,585       2,267  
Non-performing assets
    21,236       25,176       20,070       8,815       2,494  
Performing troubled debt restructurings
    10,340       11,976       25       103       121  
Non-performing assets and performing troubled debt  restructurings
    31,576       37,152       20,095       8,918       2,615  
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
Selected Operating Data:
 
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Total interest and dividend income
  $ 29,726     $ 33,148     $ 34,701     $ 33,592     $ 32,769  
Total interest expense
    10,198       13,641       18,681       19,105       19,235  
Net interest income
    19,528       19,507       16,020       14,487       13,534  
Provision for loan losses
     12,392        9,367        2,280        1,609        1,298  
Net interest income after provision for loan losses
    7,136       10,140       13,740       12,878       12,236  
Total other income
    1,729       1,941       2,013       1,846       1,453  
Total other expenses
    18,556       17,105       14,501       12,642       10,154  
Income tax (benefit) expense
    (3,579 )     (1,895 )     242       630       1,123  
Net (loss) income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010     $ 1,452     $ 2,412  
Earnings (loss) per share(1)
  $ (1.04 )   $ (0.53 )   $ 0.17     $ 0.05       N/A  
Dividends per share
  $ 0.03     $ 0.12     $ 0.14     $ 0.04       N/A  
       
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
    2011     2010     2009     2008     2007  
Selected Financial Ratios and Other Data:
                                       
Performance Ratios:
                                       
Return on assets (ratio of net income to average total assets)
    (0.90 )%     (0.45 )%     0.15 %     0.25 %     0.45 %
Return on average equity (ratio of net income to average equity)
    (9.64 )     (4.53 )     1.46       2.78       5.76  
Interest rate spread(2)
    2.93       2.83       2.17       2.18       2.25  
Net interest margin(3)
    3.06       3.01       2.47       2.61       2.65  
Non-interest expenses to average total assets
    2.72       2.48       2.13       2.19       1.92  
Efficiency ratio(4)
    87.29       79.75       80.42       77.40       67.75  
Asset Quality Ratios:
                                       
Non-accrual loans as a percent of gross loans
    2.52       3.60       2.38       1.52       0.51  
Non-performing assets as a percent of total assets
    3.19       3.49       2.90       1.38       0.45  
Non-performing assets and performing troubled debt restructurings as a percent of total assets
    4.74       5.16       2.91       1.39       0.47  
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of gross loans
    1.97       1.48       0.96       0.96       0.95  
Allowance for loan losses as a percent of non-accrual loans
    78.21       41.07       40.28       64.12       200.31  
Net charge-offs to average loans outstanding
    1.97       1.19       0.35       0.12       0.03  
Capital Ratios(5):
                                       
Total risk-based capital to risk weighted assets
    12.01       12.85       12.67       13.33       11.24  
Tier 1 risk-based capital to risk weighted assets
    10.76       11.83       11.96       12.40       10.36  
Tangible capital to tangible assets
    7.54       8.24       9.07       9.64       8.03  
Tier 1 leverage (core) capital to adjustable tangible assets
    7.54       8.24       9.07       9.64       8.03  
Shareholders’ equity to total assets
    9.04       9.19       10.10       10.76       7.98  
Other Data:
                                       
Number of full service offices
    8       8       7       7       7  
 

 
(1)
Earnings per share for the fiscal year ended September 30, 2008, is for period from May 20, 2008, the date of the Company’s initial stock issuance, through September 30, 2008.
 
(2)
Represents the difference between the weighted average yield on interest earning assets and the weighted average cost of interest bearing liabilities.
 
(3)
Net interest income divided by average interest earning assets.
 
(4)
Represents non-interest expense divided by net interest income and total other income.
 
(5)
Other than shareholders’ equity to total assets, all capital ratios are for the Bank only.
 
 
Item 7.  Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.
 
Overview
 
The Company was formed by the Bank in connection with the Bank’s reorganization into the mutual holding company form of organization in May 2008.  The Company’s results of operations are primarily dependent on the results of the Bank, which is a wholly owned subsidiary of the Company.  The Bank currently operates eight financial center offices in Chester and Delaware Counties, which are located in southeastern Pennsylvania approximately 25 miles west of downtown Philadelphia.  The Bank’s primary business consists of attracting deposits from the general public and using those funds together with funds we borrow to originate loans to our customers.  At September 30, 2011, we had total assets of $666.6 million, including $506.0 million in net portfolio loans and $78.2 million of investment securities, total deposits of $554.5 million and total shareholders’ equity of $60.3 million.
 
Our results of operations depend, to a large extent, on net interest income, which is the difference between the income earned on our loan and investment portfolios and interest expense on deposits and borrowings.  Our net interest income is largely determined by our net interest spread, which is the difference between the average yield earned on interest-earning assets and the average rate paid on interest-bearing liabilities, and the relative amounts of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  Results of operations are also affected by our provision for loan losses, fee income and other, non-interest income and non-interest expenses.  Our other, or non-interest, expenses principally consist of compensation and employee benefits, office occupancy and equipment expense, data processing, advertising and business promotion, professional fees, other real estate owned expense and other expense.  Our results of operations are also significantly affected by general economic and competitive conditions, particularly changes in interest rates, government policies and actions of regulatory authorities.  Future changes in applicable law, regulations or government policies may materially impact our financial conditions and results of operations.
 
Business Strategy
 
Our business strategy currently is focused on reducing the level of our non-performing assets, monitoring and overseeing our performing classified assets and troubled debt restructurings in an effort to limit the number of additional non-performing assets in future periods, complying with the provisions of the Supervisory Agreements and conducting our traditional community-oriented banking business within these constraints.  Below are certain of the highlights of our business strategy in recent years:
 
 
Managing the Loan Portfolio with an Emphasis on Retail Lending Growth.  In recent years the most significant and consistent growth in our loan portfolio has been in consumer loans, which are comprised almost exclusively of home equity lines of credit and second mortgage loans.  In addition, we also have increased our emphasis on originating commercial real estate loans in recent years.  However, we stopped originating any new commercial real estate loans in August 2010.  Similarly, with certain limited exceptions, we have ceased our originations of new construction or development loans.  We expect that, until the economy rebounds, we will experience moderate growth in our overall loan portfolio.  Increased emphasis will be placed on the retail segments of residential mortgage and consumer lending, as compared to commercial real estate and construction and development loans.
 
 
Increasing Market Share Penetration.  We operate in a competitive market area for banking products and services.  In recent fiscal years, we have been working to increase our deposit share in Chester and Delaware Counties, and we increased our marketing and promotional efforts.  However, as a result of the shrinkage of our balance sheet and the reduction in total deposits in fiscal 2011, our deposit market share decreased from 5.05% in 2010 to 4.74% in 2011.  We are focused on continuing our efforts to increase market share.
 
 
 
Increasing Our Core Deposits.  We are attempting to increase our core deposits, which we define as all deposit products other than certificates of deposit, by offering customers additional deposit products as well as incentives to invest in core deposits.  At September 30, 2011, our core deposits amounted to $239.9 million, or 43.3% of total deposits, compared to $225.2 million, or 37.7% of total deposits, at September 30, 2010.  We have continued our promotional efforts to increase core deposits and expect to add additional deposit products in fiscal 2012 as part of our efforts to increase core deposits.
 
 
Improving Asset Quality.  We continue in our efforts to monitor and improve our asset quality. At September 30, 2011, our non-accruing loans amounted to $12.9 million or 2.5% of total loans.  Our total non-performing assets were reduced by $3.9 million at September 30, 2011 compared to September 30, 2010. Given the provisions of the Supervisory Agreements and in light of the increased levels of our non-performing assets, we are focused on continuing to reduce our non-performing and problem assets.
 
 
Continuing to Provide Exceptional Customer Service.  As a community oriented savings bank, we take pride in providing exceptional customer service as a means to attract and retain customers.  We deliver personalized service to our customers that distinguish us from the large regional banks operating in our market area.  Our management team has strong ties to, and deep roots in, the community.  We believe that we know our customers’ banking needs and can respond quickly to address them.
 
This Management’s Discussion and Analysis section is intended to assist in understanding the financial condition and results of operations of Malvern Federal Bancorp.  The information contained in this section should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the accompanying notes to the consolidated financial statements contained in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.
 
Critical Accounting Policies
 
In reviewing and understanding financial information for Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc., you are encouraged to read and understand the significant accounting policies used in preparing our consolidated financial statements.  These policies are described in Note 2 of the notes to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in Item 8 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The accounting and financial reporting policies of Malvern Federal Bancorp conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“U.S. GAAP”) and to general practices within the banking industry. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements require certain estimates, judgments, and assumptions, which are believed to be reasonable, based upon the information available. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the periods presented. The following accounting policies comprise those that management believes are the most critical to aid in fully understanding and evaluating our reported financial results.  These policies require numerous estimates or economic assumptions that may prove inaccurate or may be subject to variations which may affect our reported results and financial condition for the period or in future periods.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses.  The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the statement of financial condition date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments and is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated statement of financial condition. The allowance for loan losses is increased by the provision for loan losses, and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely.  Non-residential consumer loans are generally charged off no later than when they become 120 days past due on a contractual basis or earlier in the event of the borrower’s bankruptcy, or if there is an amount deemed uncollectible.  Because all identified losses are immediately charged off, no portion of the allowance for loan losses is restricted to any individual loan or groups of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb any and all loan losses.
 
 
The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably anticipated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance.  The allowance is based on the Company’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, the composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class including commercial loans not considered impaired, as well as smaller balance homogeneous loans, such as residential real estate, home equity and other consumer loans.  These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates for each of these categories of loans, as adjusted for qualitative factors.
 
An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio. Once all factor adjustments are applied, general reserve allocations for each segment are calculated, summarized and reported on the ALLL summary.  ALLL final schedules, calculations and the resulting evaluation process are reviewed quarterly by the Asset Classification Committee and the Board of Directors.
 
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.  Impairment is measured on a loan by loan basis for commercial and industrial loans, commercial real estate loans and commercial construction loans by either the present value of expected future cash flows discounted at the loan’s effective interest rate or the fair value of the collateral if the loan is collateral dependent.
 
The allowance is adjusted for other significant factors that affect the collectibility of the loan portfolio as of the evaluation date including changes in lending policy and procedures, loan volume and concentrations, seasoning of the portfolio, loss experience in particular segments of the portfolio, and bank regulatory examination results. Other factors include changes in economic and business conditions affecting our primary lending areas and credit quality trends. Loss factors are reevaluated each reporting period to ensure their relevance in the current economic environment. We review key ratios such as the allowance for loan losses to total loans receivable and as a percentage of non-performing loans; however, we do not try to maintain any specific target range for these ratios.
 
While management uses the best information available to make loan loss allowance evaluations, adjustments to the allowance may be necessary based on changes in economic and other conditions or changes in accounting guidance. Historically, our estimates of the allowance for loan losses have not required significant adjustments from management’s initial estimates. In addition, the OCC (and, previously, the OTS), as an integral part of its examination processes, periodically reviews our allowance for loan losses. The OCC may require the recognition of adjustments to the allowance for loan losses based on their judgment of information available to them at the time of their examinations. To the extent that actual outcomes differ from management’s estimates, additional provisions to the allowance for loan losses may be required that would adversely impact earnings in future periods.  As previously indicated, the Supervisory Agreement that we entered into in October 2010 requires that we, among other things, revise our policies, procedures and methodologies relating to the allowance for loan losses, submit an internal asset classification and review program, and submit a written plan to reduce the level of the Bank’s problem assets (as defined).  See Item 1, “Business – General.”
 
 
Fair Value Measurements.  The Company uses fair value measurements to record fair value adjustments to certain assets to determine fair value disclosures. Investment and mortgage-backed securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, real estate owned and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
 
Under FASB ASC Topic 820, Fair Value Measurements, the Company groups its assets at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
 
 
Level 1 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
 
 
Level 2 – Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
 
 
Level 3 – Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market. These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset.
 
Under FASB ASC Topic 820, the Company bases its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy in FASB ASC Topic 820.
 
Fair value measurements for assets where there exists limited or no observable market data and, therefore, are based primarily upon the Company’s or other third-party’s estimates, are often calculated based on the characteristics of the asset, the economic and competitive environment and other such factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, that could significantly affect the results of current or future valuations. At September 30, 2011, the Company had $10.2 million of assets that were measured at fair value on a recurring basis using Level 3 measurements.
 
Income Taxes.  We make estimates and judgments to calculate some of our tax liabilities and determine the recoverability of some of our deferred tax assets, which arise from temporary differences between the tax and financial statement recognition of revenues and expenses.  We also estimate a reserve for deferred tax assets if, based on the available evidence, it is more likely than not that some portion or all of the recorded deferred tax assets will not be realized in future periods. These estimates and judgments are inherently subjective.  Historically, our estimates and judgments to calculate our deferred tax accounts have not required significant revision to our initial estimates.
 
In evaluating our ability to recover deferred tax assets, we consider all available positive and negative evidence, including our past operating results and our forecast of future taxable income.  In determining future taxable income, we make assumptions for the amount of taxable income, the reversal of temporary differences and the implementation of feasible and prudent tax planning strategies.  These assumptions require us to make judgments about our future taxable income and are consistent with the plans and estimates we use to manage our business.  Any reduction in estimated future taxable income may require us to record a valuation allowance against our deferred tax assets.  An increase in the valuation allowance would result in additional income tax expense in the period and could have a significant impact on our future earnings.
 
 
Realization of a deferred tax asset requires us to exercise significant judgment and is inherently uncertain because it requires the prediction of future occurrences. Our net deferred tax asset amounted to $7.5 million at September 30, 2011.  We have not established a valuation allowance against our net deferred tax asset as we believe it is more likely than not that the entire amount of the asset will be realized.  In evaluating the need for a valuation allowance, we must estimate our taxable income in future years.  Our deferred tax asset may be reduced in the future if estimates of future income or our tax planning strategies do not support the amount of the deferred tax asset. If it is determined that a valuation allowance with respect to our deferred tax asset is necessary, we may incur a charge to earnings and a reduction to regulatory capital for the amount included therein.
 
Other-Than-Temporary Impairment of Securities – Securities are evaluated on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when market conditions warrant such an evaluation, to determine whether declines in their value are other-than-temporary. To determine whether a loss in value is other-than-temporary, management utilizes criteria such as the reasons underlying the decline, the magnitude and duration of the decline and whether or not management intends to sell or expects that it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to an anticipated recovery of the fair value. The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospects for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value for a debt security is determined to be other-than-temporary, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.
 
How We Manage Market Risk
 
Market risk is the risk of loss from adverse changes in market prices and rates.  Our market risk arises primarily from the interest rate risk which is inherent in our lending and deposit taking activities.  To that end, management actively monitors and manages interest rate risk exposure.  In addition to market risk, our primary risk is credit risk on our loan portfolio.  We attempt to manage credit risk through our loan underwriting and oversight policies.
 
The principal objective of our interest rate risk management function is to evaluate the interest rate risk embedded in certain balance sheet accounts, determine the level of risk appropriate given our business strategy, operating environment, capital and liquidity requirements and performance objectives, and manage the risk consistent with approved guidelines. We seek to manage our exposure to risks from changes in interest rates while at the same time trying to improve our net interest spread.  We monitor interest rate risk as such risk relates to our operating strategies.  We have established an ALCO Committee, which is comprised of our President and Chief Executive Officer, Chief Financial Officer, Chief Lending Officer and five outside directors, and which is responsible for reviewing our asset/liability and investment policies and interest rate risk position.  The ALCO Committee meets on a regular basis.  The extent of the movement of interest rates is an uncertainty that could have a negative impact on future earnings.
 
In recent years, we primarily have utilized the following strategies to manage interest rate risk:
 
 
we have increased our outstanding shorter term loans particularly commercial real estate and construction loans (although we generally ceased originating any new commercial real estate and construction loans in fiscal 2010);
 
 
 
we have attempted to match fund a portion of our loan portfolio with borrowings having similar expected lives;
 
 
on occasion, we have sold long-term (30-year) fixed-rate mortgage loans with servicing retained;
 
 
we have attempted, where possible, to extend the maturities of our deposits and borrowings; and
 
 
we have invested in securities with relatively short anticipated lives, generally one to three years, and we hold significant amounts of liquid assets.
 
As part of our asset/liability management efforts, subsequent to September 30, 2011, we securitized and sold $10.7 million of long-term, fixed-rate residential mortgage loans with the servicing retained.  This securitization/sale transaction resulted in a gain of $433,000 which will be reflected in the financial statements for the quarter ending December 31, 2011.
 
Gap Analysis.  The matching of assets and liabilities may be analyzed by examining the extent to which such assets and liabilities are “interest rate sensitive” and by monitoring a bank’s interest rate sensitivity “gap.”  An asset and liability is said to be interest rate sensitive within a specific time period if it will mature or reprice within that time period. The interest rate sensitivity gap is defined as the difference between the amount of interest-earning assets maturing or repricing within a specific time period and the amount of interest-bearing liabilities maturing or repricing within that same time period.  A gap is considered positive when the amount of interest rate sensitive assets exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities.  A gap is considered negative when the amount of interest rate sensitive liabilities exceeds the amount of interest rate sensitive assets.  During a period of rising interest rates, a negative gap would tend to affect adversely net interest income while a positive gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income.  Conversely, during a period of falling interest rates, a negative gap would tend to result in an increase in net interest income while a positive gap would tend to affect adversely net interest income.  Our one-year cumulative gap was a negative 12.55% at September 30, 2011.
 
The following table sets forth the amounts of our interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities outstanding at September 30, 2011, which we expect, based upon certain assumptions, to reprice or mature in each of the future time periods shown (the “GAP Table”).  Except as stated below, the amount of assets and liabilities shown which reprice or mature during a particular period were determined in accordance with the earlier of term to repricing or the contractual maturity of the asset or liability.  The table sets forth approximation of the projected repricing of assets and liabilities at September 30, 2011, on the basis of contractual maturities, anticipated prepayments, and scheduled rate adjustments within a three-month period and subsequent selected time intervals.  The loan amounts in the table reflect principal balances expected to be redeployed and/or repriced as a result of contractual amortization and anticipated prepayments of adjustable-rate loans and fixed-rate loans, and as a result of contractual rate adjustments on adjustable-rate loans.  Annual prepayment rates for single-family and other mortgage loans are assumed to range from 9.2% to 18.0%.  The weighted average life for investment securities is assumed to range from 1.1 year to 5.8 years.  Savings accounts and interest-bearing checking accounts are assumed to have annual rates of withdrawal, or “decay rates,” of 15.3% and 14.2%, respectively. See “Business of Malvern Federal Savings Bank – Lending Activities,” “– Investment Activities” and “– Sources of Funds.”
 
 
   
6 Months
or Less
   
More than
6 Months
to 1 Year
   
More than
1 Year
to 3 Years
   
More than
3 Year
to 5 Years
   
More than
5 Years
   
Total
Amount
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Interest-earning assets(1):
                                   
Loans receivable(2)
  $ 135,212     $ 78,774     $ 184,589     $ 69,135     $ 48,410     $ 516,120  
Investment securities and restricted securities
    11,958       11,011       7,308       22,782       29,944       83,003  
Other interest-earning assets
    20,006       -       -       -       -       20,006  
Total interest-earning assets
    167,176       89,785       191,897       91,917       78,354       619,129  
Interest-bearing liabilities:
                                               
Demand and NOW accounts
    88,722       -       -       -       -       83,722  
Money market accounts
    86,315       -       -       -       -       86,315  
Savings accounts
    45,067       -       -       -       -       45,067  
Certificate accounts
    62,803       34,722       133,678       39,947       43,368       314,518  
FHLB advances
    13,000       10,000       21,098       5,000       -       49,098  
        Total interest-bearing liabilities
    295,907       44,722       154,776       44,947       43,368       583,720  
                                                 
Interest-earning assets less interest-bearing liabilities
  $ (128,731 )   $ 45,063     $ 37,121     $ 46,970     $ 34,986     $ 35,409  
                                                 
Cumulative interest-rate sensitivity gap(3)
  $ (128,731 )   $ (83,668 )   $ (46,547 )   $ 423     $ 35,409          
                                                 
Cumulative interest-rate gap as a percentage of total assets at September 30, 2011
    (19.31 )%     (12.55 )%     (6.98 )%     0.06 %     5.31 %        
                                                 
Cumulative interest-earning assets as a percentage of cumulative interest-bearing liabilities at September 30, 2011
    56.50 %     75.44 %     90.60 %     100.08 %     106.07 %        
 

(1)
Interest-earning assets are included in the period in which the balances are expected to be redeployed and/or repriced as a result of anticipated prepayments, scheduled rate adjustments and contractual maturities.
(2)
For purposes of the gap analysis, loans receivable includes non-performing loans gross of the allowance for loan losses, undisbursed loan funds, unamortized discounts and deferred loan fees.
(3)
Interest-rate sensitivity gap represents the net cumulative difference between interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.
 
Certain shortcomings are inherent in the method of analysis presented in the foregoing table.  For example, although certain assets and liabilities may have similar maturities or periods to repricing, they may react in different degrees to changes in market interest rates.  Also, the interest rates on certain types of assets and liabilities may fluctuate in advance of changes in market interest rates, while interest rates on other types may lag behind changes in market rates.  Additionally, certain assets, such as adjustable-rate loans, have features which restrict changes in interest rates both on a short-term basis and over the life of the asset.  Further, in the event of a change in interest rates, prepayment and early withdrawal levels would likely deviate significantly from those assumed in calculating the table.  Finally, the ability of many borrowers to service their adjustable-rate loans may decrease in the event of an interest rate increase.
 
Net Portfolio Value and Net Interest Income Analysis.  Our interest rate sensitivity also is monitored by management through the use of models which generate estimates of the change in its net portfolio value (“NPV”) and net interest income (“NII”) over a range of interest rate scenarios.  NPV is the present value of expected cash flows from assets, liabilities, and off-balance sheet contracts.  The NPV ratio, under any interest rate scenario, is defined as the NPV in that scenario divided by the market value of assets in the same scenario.
 
 
The table below sets forth as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the estimated changes in our net portfolio value that would result from designated instantaneous changes in the United States Treasury yield curve.  Computations of prospective effects of hypothetical interest rates changes are based on numerous assumptions including relative levels of market interest rates, loan prepayments and deposit decay, and should not be relied upon as indicative of actual results.
 
   
As of September 30, 2011
   
As of September 30, 2010
 
Changes in
Interest
Rates (basis
points)(1)
 
Amount
   
Dollar
Change
from Base
   
Percentage
Change from
Base
   
Amount
   
Dollar
Change
from Base
   
Percentage
Change from
Base
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                                                 
+300
  $ 63,164     $ (5,236 )     (8 )%   $ 61,961     $ (14,230 )     (19 )%
+200
    67,755       (645 )     (1 )     68,683       (7,508 )     (10 )
+100
    69,752       1,352       2       73,901       (2,290 )     (3 )
  0
    68,400       -       -       76,191       -       -  
-100
    65,900       (2,500 )     (4 )     77,124       933       1  
 

(1)
Assumes an instantaneous uniform change in interest rates.  A basis point equals 0.01%.
 
In addition to modeling changes in NPV, we also analyze potential changes to NII for a twelve-month period under rising and falling interest rate scenarios.  The following table shows our NII model as of September 30, 2011.
 
Changes in Interest Rates in Basis Points (Rate
Shock)
 
Net Interest Income
   
$ Change
   
% Change
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
       
200
  $ 18,970     $ (950 )     (4.77 )%
100
    19,549       (371 )     (1.86 )
Static
    19,920       (1,833 )     (9.20 )
(100)
    19,418       (502 )     (2.52 )
 
As is the case with the GAP Table, certain shortcomings are inherent in the methodology used in the above interest rate risk measurements.  Modeling changes in NPV and NII require the making of certain assumptions which may or may not reflect the manner in which actual yields and costs respond to changes in market interest rates.  In this regard, the models presented assume that the composition of our interest sensitive assets and liabilities existing at the beginning of a period remains constant over the period being measured and also assumes that a particular change in interest rates is reflected uniformly across the yield curve regardless of the duration to maturity or repricing of specific assets and liabilities.  Accordingly, although the NPV measurements and net interest income models provide an indication of interest rate risk exposure at a particular point in time, such measurements are not intended to and do not provide a precise forecast of the effect of changes in market interest rates on net interest income and will differ from actual results.
 
 
Average Balances, Net Interest Income, and Yields Earned and Rates Paid.  The following table shows for the periods indicated the total dollar amount of interest from average interest-earning assets and the resulting yields, as well as the interest expense on average interest-bearing liabilities, expressed both in dollars and rates, and the net interest margin.  Tax-exempt income and yields have not been adjusted to a tax-equivalent basis.  All average balances are based on monthly balances. Management does not believe that the monthly averages differ significantly from what the daily averages would be.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
Average Outstanding Balance
   
Interest Earned/
Paid
   
Average Yield/
Rate
   
Average Outstanding Balance
   
Interest Earned/
Paid
   
Average Yield/
Rate
   
Average Outstanding Balance
   
Interest Earned/
Paid
   
Average Yield/
Rate
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Interest Earning Assets:
                                                     
Loans receivable(1)
  $ 530,497     $ 28,185       5.31 %   $ 583,995     $ 32,085       5.49 %   $ 597,744     $ 33,711       5.64 %
Investment securities
    78,147       1,510       1.93       33,812       1,025       3.03       27,993       925       3.30  
Deposits in other banks
    24,100       31       0.13       24,497       38       0.16       15,158       65       0.43  
FHLB stock
    5,905       -       0.00       6,567       -       0.00       6,513       -       0.00  
Total interest earning assets(1)
    638,649       29,726       4.65       648,871       33,148       5.11       647,408       34,701       5.36  
Non-interest earning assets
    42,578                       42,100                       32,550                  
Total assets
  $ 681,227                     $ 690,971                     $ 679,958                  
                                                                         
Interest Bearing Liabilities:
                                                                       
Demand and NOW accounts
  $ 90,674       519       0.57     $ 87,240       845       0.97     $ 76,407       1,321       1.73  
Money Market accounts
    87,329       915       1.05       63,788       648       1.02       58,167       960       1.65  
Savings accounts
    44,237       78       0.18       41,002       110       0.27       38,661       136       0.35  
Certificate accounts
    321,918       6,941       2.16       324,973       8,511       2.62       306,213       11,061       3.61  
Total deposits
    544,158       8,453       1.55       517,003       10,114       1.96       479,448       13,478       2.81  
Borrowed funds
    49,874       1,745       3.50       80,714       3,527       4.37       105,873       5,203       4.92  
Total interest- bearing liabilities
    594,032       10,198       1.72       597,717       13,641       2.28       585,321       18,681       3.19  
Non-interest bearing liabilities
    23,764                       24,126                       25,443                  
Total liabilities
    617,796                       621,843                       610,764                  
Shareholders’ equity
    63,431                       69,128                       69,194                  
Total liabilities and shareholders’
equity
  $ 681,227                     $ 690,971                     $ 679,958                  
Net Interest-earning assets
  $ 44,617                     $ 51,154                     $ 62,087                  
Net interest income
          $ 19,528                     $ 19,507                     $ 16,020          
Net interest spread
                    2.93 %                     2.83 %                     2.17 %
Net interest margin
                    3.06 %                     3.01 %                     2.47 %
Average interest-earning
assets to
average
interest-
bearing liabilities
    107.51 %                     108.56 %                     110.61 %                
 

(1)  Calculated net of deferred loan fees, loan discounts, loans in process and loss reserves.
 
 
The following table presents the dollar amount of changes in interest income and interest expense for major components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities.  It distinguishes between the increase related to higher outstanding balances and that due to the unprecedented levels and volatility of interest rates.  For each category of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities, information is provided on changes attributable to (i) changes in volume (i.e., changes in volume multiplied by old rate) and (ii) changes in rate (i.e., changes in rate multiplied by old volume).  For purposes of this table, changes attributable to both rate and volume, which cannot be segregated, have been allocated proportionately to the change due to volume and the change due to rate.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011 vs. 2010
   
2010 vs. 2009
 
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net Change
   
Volume
   
Rate
   
Net
Change
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Interest Earning Assets:
                                   
Loan receivable
  $ (2,937 )   $ (963 )   $ (3,900 )   $ (775 )   $ (851 )   $ (1,626 )
Investment securities
    1,343       (858 )     485       192       (92 )     100  
Deposits in other banks
    (1 )     (6 )     (7 )     40       (67 )     (27 )
FHLB stock
    -       -       -       -       -       -  
Total interest earning assets
  $ (1,595 )   $ (1,827 )   $ (3,422 )   $ (543 )   $ (1,010 )   $ (1,553 )
                                                 
Interest Bearing Liabilities
                                               
Demand and NOW accounts
  $ 33     $ (359 )   $ (326 )   $ 187     $ (663 )   $ (476 )
Money market accounts
    240       27       267       93       (405 )     (312 )
Savings accounts
    9       (41 )     (32 )     8       (34 )     (26 )
Certificate accounts
    (80 )     (1,490 )     (1,570 )     678       (3,228 )     (2,550 )
Total deposits
    202       (1,863 )     (1,661 )     966       (4,330 )     (3,364 )
Borrowed funds
    (1,348 )     (434 )     (1,782 )     (1,236 )     (440 )     (1,676 )
Total interest-bearing liabilities
  $ (1,146 )   $ (2,297 )   $ (3,443 )   $ (270 )   $ (4,770 )   $ (5,040 )
Net interest income
  $ (449 )   $ 470     $ 21     $ (273 )   $ 3,760     $ 3,487  
 
Comparison of Financial Condition at September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
 
Our total assets amounted to $666.6 million at September 30, 2011, a $53.9 million or 7.5% decrease over total assets at September 30, 2010.  The primary reason for the decrease in assets during fiscal 2011 was a decrease in cash and cash equivalents in the amount of $47.9 million, a $41.3 million decrease in net loans receivable and a $2.0 million decrease in other assets at September 30, 2011 due primarily to the prepayment of our deposit insurance assessment as mandated by the FDIC for all federally insured depository institutions. These decreases were partially offset by an aggregate $32.8 million increase in the investment securities available for sale and held to maturity portfolios, a $3.0 million increase in deferred income taxes and a $3.0 million increase in other REO. The decrease in cash and cash equivalents was mostly due to the use of cash for purchases of $71.3 million of available for sale investment securities during fiscal 2011.  The decrease in loans receivable was due to decreased demand from consumers and internal lending restrictions which we adopted early in fiscal 2010 as well as the restrictions imposed by the Supervisory Agreement that the Bank entered into with the OTS in October 2010.  The Company’s total REO amounted to $8.3 million at September 30, 2011 compared to $5.3 million at September 30, 2010.  The $3.0 million increase in REO was due to the transfer of $12.5 million of loans to REO during fiscal 2011, which was partially offset by $7.0 million in net sales and $2.5 million in reductions in fair value, which reductions in fair value were reflected in other real estate owned expense during fiscal 2011.  For additional information on our REO, see “Business – Asset Quality – Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned.”
 
 
Our total liabilities at September 30, 2011, amounted to $606.3 million compared to $654.3 million at September 30, 2010.  The $48.0 million or 7.3% decrease in total liabilities was due primarily to a decrease in total deposits of $42.4 million in fiscal 2011.  Our total deposits amounted to $554.5 million at September 30, 2011 compared to $596.9 million at September 30, 2010.   During fiscal 2011, there was a $6.2 million decrease in our FHLB advances.  During fiscal 2011, given the reduction in our new loan originations, we chose to repay certain of our FHLB advances, which are long-term borrowings with a higher cost of funds compared to our core deposit products.
 
Our shareholders’ equity decreased by $5.9 million to $60.3 million at September 30, 2011 compared to $66.2 million at September 30, 2010 primarily due to a decrease in retained earnings.  Retained earnings decreased by $6.2 million to $36.6 million as a result of the $6.1 million net loss for fiscal 2011, and the aggregate amount of cash dividends paid of $81,000 during the first quarter of fiscal 2011.  Our ratio of equity to assets was 9.04% at September 30, 2011.
 
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010
 
General.  The effect of the continuing weak economy and continued pressure on the credit markets were major factors in our operating results during fiscal year 2011.  We reported a net loss of $6.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to net loss of $3.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010.  The primary reasons for the $3.0 million difference in our results of operations in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 were increases in the provision of loan losses of $3.0 million, as well as a $1.5 million increase in other expenses, which was partially offset by a $1.7 million increase in income tax benefit. The increase in other expenses in fiscal 2011 primarily was the result of a $907,000 increase in other real estate owned expense and a $795,000 increase in professional fees.
 
Interest and Dividend Income.  Our total interest and dividend income amounted to $29.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $33.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010.  The primary reason for the $3.4 million decrease in interest and dividend income in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 was a $3.9 million, or 12.2%, decrease in interest earned on loans.  The decrease in interest earned on loans in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to both a $53.5 million, or 9.2%, decrease in the average balance of our outstanding loans and an 18 basis point decrease in the average yield earned on our loan portfolio in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010.  Our interest earned on deposits in other institutions decreased by $7,000 to $31,000 in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $38,000 in fiscal 2010.  The primary reason for the decrease in fiscal 2011 was a three basis point decrease in the average yield earned on deposits in other banks.  Interest income on investment securities increased by $485,000, or 47.3%, in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010.  The increase in interest income on investment securities in fiscal 2011 was due to a $44.3 million, or 131.1%, increase in the average balance of our investment securities portfolio.
 
Interest Expense.  Our total interest expense amounted to $10.2 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $13.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2010, a decrease of $3.4 million or 25.2%.  The reason for the decrease in interest expense in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 was a 41 basis point decrease in average rate paid on total deposits.  The average balance of our total deposits increased by $27.2 million, or 5.3%, in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 due primarily to our new Concordville, Delaware County branch which opened in mid-September 2010 and which had $47.5 million in deposits at September 30, 2011, along with an $23.5 million increase in the average balance of money market accounts together with a $3.4 million increase in the average balance of demand and NOW accounts.  Our expense on borrowings amounted to $1.7 million in fiscal 2011 compared to $3.5 million in fiscal 2010, a decrease of $1.8 million or 50.4%.  The average balance of our borrowings decreased by $30.8 million in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010, and the average cost of borrowed funds decreased by 87 basis points to 3.50% during the year ended September 30, 2011.
 
Provision for Loan Losses. We have identified the evaluation of the allowance for loan losses as a critical accounting policy where amounts are sensitive to material variation.  This policy is significantly affected by our judgment and uncertainties and there is likelihood that materially different amounts would be reported under different, but reasonably plausible, conditions or assumptions.  Our activity in the provision for loan losses, which are charges or recoveries to operating results, is undertaken in order to maintain a level of total allowance for losses that management believes covers all known and inherent losses that are both probable and reasonably estimable at each reporting date.  Our evaluation process typically includes, among other things, an analysis of delinquency trends, non-performing loan trends, the level of charge-offs and recoveries, prior loss experience, total loans outstanding, the volume of loan originations, the type, size and geographic concentration of our loans, the value of collateral securing the loan, the borrower’s ability to repay and repayment performance, the number of loans requiring heightened management oversight, local economic conditions and industry experience.  The establishment of the allowance for loan losses is significantly affected by management judgment and uncertainties and there is likelihood that different amounts would be reported under different conditions or assumptions.  Various regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review our allowance for loan losses.  Such agencies may require us to make additional provisions for estimated loan losses based upon judgments different from those of management.
 
 
During the year ended September 30, 2011, we made a $12.4 million provision to our allowance for loan losses compared to a $9.4 million provision in the year ended September 30, 2010.  The increase in the provision for loan losses in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to the increased level of loan net charge-offs, which amounted to $10.4 million in fiscal 2011 compared to $6.9 million in fiscal 2010.  At September 30, 2011, the Company’s total non-performing assets and performing troubled debt restructurings totaled $31.6 million compared to $37.2 million at September 30, 2010.  As of September 30, 2011, the balance of the allowance for loan losses was $10.1 million, or 1.97% of gross loans and 78.21% of non-accruing loans, compared to an allowance for loan losses of $8.2 million at September 30, 2010 or 1.48% of gross loans and 41.07% of non-accruing loans at such date.  See “Business-Asset Quality – Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The $12.4 million provision for loan losses made in fiscal 2011 reflected management’s assessment, based on the information available at the time, of the inherent level of estimable losses in our loan portfolio.  As part of our analysis of historical loss experience, we periodically adjust the loss factors we utilize in establishing our allowance for loan losses.
 
Other Income.  Our other, or non-interest, income decreased by $212,000, or 10.9%, to $1.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $1.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2010.  The decrease in other income during fiscal 2011 was due primarily to a $387,000 decrease in service charges and other fees, primarily due to declining checking account related fees, as well as a decline in other loan fees. These items were partially offset by a $165,000 improvement in the net gain/(loss) on the sale of REO. During fiscal year 2011, there was a net gain of $23,000 on the net sale of REO compared to a $142,000 net loss on the sale of REO in fiscal year 2010.
 
Other Expenses.  Our other, or non-interest, expenses increased by $1.5 million, or 8.5%, to $18.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $17.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010.  Other expenses increased in fiscal 2011 compared to fiscal 2010 primarily due to $316,000 in additional occupancy expenses, a $795,000 increase in professional fees, due primarily to the legal costs associated with work out efforts on troubled loans, and a $907,000 increase in REO expense.  The $316,000 increase in occupancy expense was due to the addition of the Concordville branch in mid-September 2010. The increase in REO expense was primarily due to write-downs of REO properties to market values, as well as recurring expenses related to REO. These increases were partially offset by a $332,000 decrease in data processing costs which was due to the change in the Company’s bank core processing vendor during the second quarter of fiscal 2010 and a $250,000 reduction in federal deposit insurance premiums.
 
Income Tax Expense.  We recorded an income tax benefit of $3.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to income tax benefit of $1.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2010.  The income tax benefit recorded in fiscal 2011 was due primarily to the decrease in pre-tax income.  Our effective Federal tax rate was 36.9% for the year ended September 30, 2011 compared to 37.7% for the year ended September 30, 2010.
 
As of September 30, 2011, after careful analysis, management determined that the net deferred tax asset, more likely than not, was realizable, and therefore a valuation allowance was not required. In reaching this conclusion positive and negative evidence were both carefully considered. Among other things, management considered the Company’s pre-tax net losses reported in fiscal 2011 and 2010.  These pre-tax losses were largely a result of significant increases in the provision for loan losses, as well as legal and REO expenses related to the workout of problem assets, and reduced Company’s pre-tax income by $11.5 million and $15.6 million, respectively, in fiscal 2011 and 2010. The positive evidence considered included favorable earnings history and cumulative pre-tax income prior to fiscal year end 2011.
 
 
Comparison of Operating Results for the Years Ended September 30, 2010 and September 30, 2009
 
General.  We reported a net loss of $3.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to net income of $1.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2009.  The primary reasons for the $4.1 million decrease in our results of operations in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 were increases in the provision for loan losses of $7.1 million, as well as a $2.6 million increase in other expenses, which was partially offset by a $3.5 million increase in net interest income and a $2.1 million reduction in income tax expense. The increase in other expenses in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 primarily was the result of a $1.8 million increase in other REO expense and a $621,000 increase in federal deposit insurance premium.
 
Interest and Dividend Income.  Our total interest and dividend income amounted to $33.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $34.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2009.  The primary reason for the $1.6 million decrease in interest and dividend income in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 was a $1.6 million, or 4.8%, decrease in interest earned on loans.  The decrease in interest earned on loans in fiscal 2010 was due primarily to both a $13.7 million, or 2.3%, decrease in average loans and a 15 basis point decrease in the average yield earned on our loan portfolio in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009.  Our interest earned on deposits in other institutions decreased by $27,000 to $38,000 in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2011 compared to $65,000 in fiscal 2009.  The primary reason for the decrease in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 was a 27 basis point decrease in the average yield earned on deposits in other banks.  Interest income on investment securities increased by $100,000, or 10.8%, in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009.  The increase in interest income on investment securities in fiscal 2010 was due to a $5.8 million, or 20.8%, increase in the average balance of our investment securities portfolio.
 
Interest Expense.  Our total interest expense amounted to $13.6 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $18.7 million for the year ended September 30, 2009, a decrease of $5.0 million or 27.0%.  The reason for the decrease in interest expense in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 was an 85 basis point decrease in average rate paid on total deposits.  The average balance of our total deposits increased by $37.6 million, or 7.8%, in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 due primarily to an $18.7 million increase in the average balance of certificates of deposit together with a $10.8 million increase in the average balance of demand and NOW accounts.  Our expense on borrowings amounted to $3.5 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $5.2 million in fiscal 2009, a decrease of $1.7 million or 32.2%.  The average balance of our borrowings decreased by $25.2 million in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009, and the average cost of borrowed funds decreased by 55 basis points to 4.37% during the year ended September 30, 2010.
 
Provision for Loan Losses.  During the year ended September 30, 2010, we made a $9.4 million provision to our allowance for loan losses compared to a $2.3 million provision in the year ended September 30, 2009.  The provision in fiscal 2010 was due to the increased level of loan charge-offs, which amounted to $6.9 million in fiscal 2010 compared to $2.1 million in fiscal 2009, and the increased level of non-performing loans, which amounted to $19.9 million at September 30, 2010 compared to $14.2 million at September 30, 2009.  See “Business-Asset Quality – Non-Performing Loans and Real Estate Owned” in Item 1 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.  The $9.4 million provision for loan losses made in fiscal 2010 reflected management’s assessment, based on the information available at the time, of the inherent level of estimable losses in our loan portfolio.  Based upon our analysis of historical loss experience, we adjusted the loss factors with respect to commercial real estate and second-mortgage loans that we utilize in establishing our allowance for loan losses.
 
Other Income.  Our other, or non-interest, income decreased by $72,000, or 3.6%, to $1.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $2.0 million for the year ended September 30, 2009.  The primary reasons for the decrease in other income in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 were a $165,000 decrease in DDA fee income.  There was a $48,000 decrease in other fee income which correlates with the 7.8% decrease in the Bank’s loan portfolio.  Additionally, there was a decrease of $50,000 on gain on sale of investments and fixed assets.  These decreases in these items of other income were partially offset by an increase of $19,000 in debit card fees, a $39,000 increase in REO rental income, a net increase of $83,000 on gain/loss on sale of REO and a $49,000 increase in bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) income.
 
 
Other Expenses.  Our other, or non-interest, expenses increased by $2.6 million, or 18.0%, to $17.1 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $14.5 million for the year ended September 30, 2009.  Other expenses increased in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 primarily due to a $1.8 million increase in other REO expense and a $621,000 increase in FDIC insurance premiums.  This was partially offset by a $48,000 decrease in salary and employee benefits expenses and a $30,000 decrease in occupancy expense.  The other REO expense incurred in the fiscal year ended September 30, 2010 was due primarily to aggregate write-downs of $2.1 million in the carrying value of certain parcels of REO.  Our advertising expense increased by $62,000, or 9.2%, to $736,000 in the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $674,000 in the year ended September 30, 2009.   We increased our marketing efforts in fiscal 2010 with added television and billboard advertising as well as increasing our newspaper and direct mail promotional efforts.  Our data processing expenses increased by $252,000 or 20.8% to $1.5 million in the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to $1.2 million in the year ended September 30, 2009.  This increase primarily consisted of a $160,000 increase in various software and maintenance costs associated with the Bank’s core processing conversion.  In addition, our other operating expenses decreased by $46,000, or 2.3%, in fiscal 2010 compared to fiscal 2009 primarily due to a $153,000 decrease in new account opening costs associated with a high interest promotional checking account product offered during fiscal year 2009. During fiscal year 2010, the interest rate on this product was reduced to near market levels, resulting in a reduction in the number of new accounts opened, and the corresponding new account opening costs. This decrease was partially offset by an increase of $41,000 in stationery, printing and office supplies associated with the opening of the Concordville branch and $41,000 in regulatory assessments.
 
Income Tax Expense.  We recorded an income tax benefit of $1.9 million for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to income tax expense of $242,000 for the year ended September 30, 2009.  The income tax benefit recorded in fiscal 2010 was due primarily to the decrease in pre-tax income.  Our effective Federal tax rate was 37.7% for the year ended September 30, 2010 compared to 19.3% for the year ended September 30, 2009.  During fiscal 2010, we further reduced our effective tax rate primarily through increased tax-exempt BOLI income and contributions to organizations for which we received a credit for purposes of our Pennsylvania income taxes, including the Malvern Federal Charitable Foundation.
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
Our primary sources of funds are from deposits, FHLB borrowings, amortization of loans, loan prepayments and the maturity of loans, mortgage-backed securities and other investments, and other funds provided from operations. While scheduled payments from the amortization of loans and mortgage-backed securities and maturing investment securities are relatively predictable sources of funds, deposit flows and loan prepayments can be greatly influenced by general interest rates, economic conditions and competition. We also maintain excess funds in short-term, interest-bearing assets that provide additional liquidity.  At September 30, 2011, our cash and cash equivalents amounted to $33.5 million.  In addition, at such date our available for sale investment securities amounted to $74.4 million.
 
We use our liquidity to fund existing and future loan commitments, to fund maturing certificates of deposit and demand deposit withdrawals, to invest in other interest-earning assets, and to meet operating expenses.  At September 30, 2011, we had certificates of deposit maturing within the next 12 months amounting to $97.5 million. Based upon historical experience, we anticipate that a significant portion of the maturing certificates of deposit will be redeposited with us.  For the year ended September 30, 2011, the average balance of our outstanding FHLB advances was $49.9 million.  At September 30, 2011, we had $49.1 million in outstanding long-term FHLB advances and we had $313.0 million in potential FHLB advances available to us.  In addition, at September 30, 2011, we had a $50.0 million line of credit with the FHLB, of which none was outstanding.
 
In addition to cash flow from loan and securities payments and prepayments as well as from sales of available for sale securities, we have significant borrowing capacity available to fund liquidity needs.  In recent years we have utilized borrowings as a cost efficient addition to deposits as a source of funds.  Our borrowings consist primarily of advances from the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh, of which we are a member.  Under terms of the collateral agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank, we pledge residential mortgage loans and mortgage-backed securities as well as our stock in the Federal Home Loan Bank as collateral for such advances.
 
 
Payments Due Under Contractual Obligations
 
The following table presents information relating to the Company’s payments due under contractual obligations as of September 30, 2011.
 
   
Payments Due by Period
 
   
Less than
One Year
   
One to
Three
Years
   
Three to
Five
Years
   
More
than Five
Years
   
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Long-term debt obligations
  $ -     $ 1,098     $ -     $ 48,000     $ 49,098  
Certificates of deposit
    97,525       133,678       39,947       43,368       314,518  
Operating lease obligations
    279       558       451       4,763       6,051  
Total contractual obligations
  $ 97,804     $ 135,334     $ 40,398     $ 96,131     $ 369,667  
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
In the normal course of operations, the Company engages in a variety of financial transactions that, in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, are not recorded in its financial statements.  These transactions involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, interest rate, and liquidity risk.  Such transactions are used primarily to manage customers’ requests for funding and take the form of loan commitments, lines of credit and letters of credit.
 
The contractual amounts of commitments to extend credit represent the amounts of potential accounting loss should the contract be fully drawn upon, the customer defaults and the value of any existing collateral becomes worthless.  We use the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as we do for on-balance sheet instruments.  Financial instruments whose contract amounts represent credit risk at September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commitments to extend credit:(1)
           
Future loan commitments
  $ 7,309     $ 4,959  
Undisbursed construction loans
    7,698       34,840  
Undisbursed home equity lines of credit
    23,656       25,374  
Undisbursed Commercial lines of credit
    4,910       7,522  
Overdraft protection lines
    823       866  
Standby letters of credit
    3,998       3,809  
Total commitments
  $ 48,394     $ 77,370  
 

(1)
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments may require payment of a fee and generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses.
 
We anticipate that we will continue to have sufficient funds and alternative funding sources to meet our current commitments.
 
Impact of Inflation and Changing Prices
 
The financial statements, accompanying notes, and related financial data of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. presented herein have been prepared in accordance with GAAP, which require the measurement of financial position and operating results in terms of historical dollars without considering the changes in purchasing power of money over time due to inflation.  The impact of inflation is reflected in the increased cost of operations.  Most of our assets and liabilities are monetary in nature; therefore, the impact of interest rates has a greater impact on its performance than the effects of general levels of inflation.  Interest rates do not necessarily move in the same direction or to the same extent as the prices of goods and services.
 
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” The purpose of this amendment is to simplify how entities test goodwill for impairment. This amendment permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in Topic 350. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. These amendments are effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early application is permitted, including for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed as of a date before September 15, 2011, if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued.  The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have an impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition. The Bank elected not to early adopt this update.
 
In June 2011, the FASB issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income,” (“ASU 2011-05”) which amends current comprehensive income guidance.  This accounting update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity.  Instead, the Company must report comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income which contains two sections, net income and other comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements.  ASU 2011-05 will be effective for public companies during the interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 with early adoption permitted.  The adoption of ASU 2011-05 will not have an impact on the Company’s statements of operations, financial condition or cash flows as it only requires a change in the format of the current presentation.
 
In May 2011 the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  ASU 2011-04 represents the converged guidance of the FASB and the IASB (the “Boards”) on fair value measurements.  The collective efforts of the Boards and their staffs, reflected in ASU 2011-04, have resulted in common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements, including a consistent meaning of the term “fair value.” The Boards have concluded the common requirements will result in greater comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP and IFRS.  The amendments in this ASU are required to be applied prospectively, and are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2011-04 will have a significant impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition.
 
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-02, “A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring.”  The provisions of ASU No. 2011-02 provide additional guidance related to determining whether a creditor has granted a concession, include factors and examples for creditors to consider in evaluating whether a restructuring results in a delay in payment that is insignificant, prohibit creditors from using the borrower’s effective rate test to evaluate whether a concession has been granted to the borrower, and add factors for creditors to use in determining whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties.  A provision in ASU No. 2011-02 also ends the FASB’s deferral of the additional disclosures about troubled debt restructurings as required by ASU No. 2010-20.  The provisions of ASU No. 2011-02 are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011.  The adoption of ASU No. 2011-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition.
 
Item 7A.  Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures about Market Risk.
 
The information contained in the section captioned “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations – How We Manage Market Risk” in Item 7 hereof is incorporated herein by reference.
 
 
Item 8.  Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
 
To the Board of Directors and Shareholders of
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
We have audited the accompanying consolidated statements of financial condition of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and subsidiaries (the “Company”) as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in shareholders’ equity, and cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended September 30, 2011. The Company’s management is responsible for these consolidated financial statements. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
 
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audits to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the consolidated financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit also includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the consolidated financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
 
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years in the three year period ended September 30, 2011, in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America.
 
/s/ ParenteBeard LLC
 
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
December 20, 2011
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
September 30, 2011 and 2010
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Assets
           
Cash and due from depository institutions
  $ 13,490     $ 15,045  
Interest bearing deposits in depository institutions
    20,006       66,350  
Cash and Cash Equivalents
    33,496       81,395  
Investment securities available for sale, at fair value
    74,389       40,719  
Investment securities held to maturity (fair value of $4,024 and $4,925, respectively)
    3,797       4,716  
Restricted stock, at cost
    5,349       6,567  
Loans receivable, net of allowance for loan losses of $10,101 and $8,157, respectively
    506,019       547,323  
Other real estate owned
    8,321       5,315  
Accrued interest receivable
    1,897       2,113  
Property and equipment, net
    8,165       8,765  
Deferred income taxes, net
    7,465       4,462  
Bank-owned life insurance
    14,760       14,213  
Other assets
    2,910       4,918  
Total Assets
  $ 666,568     $ 720,506  
                 
Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
               
                 
Liabilities
               
Deposits:
               
Deposits-noninterest-bearing
  $ 19,833     $ 18,503  
Deposits-interest-bearing
    534,622       578,355  
Total Deposits
    554,455       596,858  
FHLB advances
    49,098       55,334  
Advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance
    651       585  
Accrued interest payable
    233       267  
Other liabilities
    1,847       1,255  
Total Liabilities
    606,284       654,299  
                 
Commitments and Contingencies
    -       -  
                 
Shareholders’ Equity
               
Preferred stock, $0.01 par value, 10,000,000 shares authorized, none issued
    -       -  
Common stock, $0.01 par value, 40,000,000 shares authorized, issued and outstanding: 6,102,500
    62       62  
Additional paid-in-capital
    25,889       25,912  
Retained earnings
    36,637       42,830  
Treasury stock-at cost, 50,000 shares
    (477 )     (477 )
Unearned Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) shares
    (2,178 )     (2,299 )
Accumulated other comprehensive income
    351       179  
Total Shareholders’ Equity
    60,284       66,207  
Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 666,568     $ 720,506  
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Years Ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Interest and Dividend Income
                 
  Loans, including fees
  $ 28,185     $ 32,085     $ 33,711  
  Investment securities, taxable
    1,487       990       848  
  Investment securities, tax-exempt
    23       35       77  
  Interest-bearing cash accounts
    31       38       65  
     Total Interest and Dividend Income
    29,726       33,148       34,701  
                         
Interest Expense
                       
  Deposits
    8,453       10,114       13,478  
  Short-term borrowings
    -       8       -  
  Long-term borrowings
    1,745       3,519       5,203  
     Total Interest Expense
    10,198       13,641       18,681  
                         
     Net Interest Income
    19,528       19,507       16,020  
                         
Provision for Loan Losses
    12,392       9,367       2,280  
                         
     Net Interest Income after Provision for Loan Losses
    7,136       10,140       13,740  
                         
Other Income
                       
  Service charges and other fees
    892       1,279       1,432  
  Rental income
    267       254       255  
  Gain (loss) on sale of investments, net
    -       (13 )     29  
  Gain on disposal of fixed assets
    -       -       8  
  Gain (loss) on sale of other real estate owned, net
    23       (142 )     (225 )
  Earnings on bank-owned life insurance
    547       563       514  
     Total Other Income
    1,729       1,941       2,013  
                         
Other Expense
                       
  Salaries and employee benefits
    6,397       6,396       6,444  
  Occupancy expense
    2,150       1,834       1,864  
  Federal deposit insurance premium
    1,141       1,391       770  
  Advertising
    737       736       674  
  Data processing
    1,132       1,464       1,212  
  Professional fees
    1,832       1,037       1,014  
  Other real estate owned expense
    3,209       2,302       532  
  Other operating expenses
    1,958       1,945       1,991  
     Total Other Expenses
    18,556       17,105       14,501  
                         
     Income (Loss) before income tax (benefit) expense
    (9,691 )     (5,024 )     1,252  
                         
Income tax (benefit) expense
    (3,579 )     (1,895 )     242  
                         
Net (Loss) Income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010  
                         
Basic (Loss) Earnings Per Share
  $ (1.04 )   $ (0.53 )   $ 0.17  
                         
Dividends Declared Per Share
  $ 0.03     $ 0.12     $ 0.14  
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Years Ended September 30, 2011, 2010, and 2009
 
   
Common
Stock
   
Additional
Paid-In
Capital
   
Retained
Earnings
   
Treasury
Stock
   
Unearned
ESOP Shares
   
Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
   
Total
Shareholders’
Equity
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Balance, October 1, 2008
  $ 62     $ 25,959     $ 45,663     $ -     $ (2,571 )   $ (278 )   $ 68,835  
                                                         
Comprehensive Income:
                                                       
                                                         
Net Income
    -       -       1,010       -       -       -       1,010  
Net change in unrealized loss on securities available for sale, net of  reclassification adjustment and tax effect
    -       -           -           -       -       299       299  
Total Comprehensive Income
    -       -       -       -       -       -       1,309  
Treasury stock purchased (2,000 shares)
    -       -       -       (19 )     -       -       (19 )
Cash dividends declared ($0.14 per share)
    -       -       (387 )     -       -       -       (387 )
Committed to be released ESOP shares (13,404 shares)
    -       (22     -       -       126       -       104  
Balance, September 30, 2009
    62       25,937       46,286       (19 )     (2,445 )     21       69,842  
                                                         
Comprehensive Loss:
                                                       
                                                         
Net Loss
    -       -       (3,129 )     -       -       -       (3,129 )
Net change in unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of  reclassification adjustment and tax effect
    -       -       -           -       -       158       158  
                                                         
Total Comprehensive Loss
    -       -       -       -       -       -       (2,971 )
Treasury stock purchased (48,000 shares)
    -       -       -       (458 )     -       -       (458 )
Cash dividends paid ($0.12 per share)
    -       -       (327 )     -       -       -       (327 )
Committed to be released ESOP shares (13,404 shares)
    -       (25     -       -       146       -       121  
Balance, September 30, 2010
    62       25,912       42,830       (477 )     (2,299 )     179       66,207  
                                                         
Comprehensive Loss:
                                                       
                                                         
Net Loss
    -       -       (6,112 )     -       -       -       (6,112 )
Net change in unrealized gain on securities available for sale, net of  taxes
    -       -       -         -       -       172       172  
Total Comprehensive Loss
     -       -       -       -       -       -       (5,940 )
Cash dividends paid ($0.03 per share)
    -       -       (81 )     -       -       -       (81 )
Committed to be released ESOP shares (13,404 shares)
    -       (23 )     -       -       121       -       98  
Balance, September 30,   2011
  $ 62     $ 25,889     $ 36,637     $ (477 )   $ (2,178 )   $ 351     $ 60,284  
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years Ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
   
2011
    2010     2009  
     
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities        
Net (loss) income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010  
Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:
                       
Depreciation expense
    826       803       922  
Provision for loan losses
    12,392       9,367       2,280  
Deferred income taxes benefit
    (3,091 )     (2,212 )     (260 )
ESOP expense
    98       121       104  
Amortization (accretion) of premiums and discounts on investments securities, net
    (61 )     (107 )     (98 )
Amortization of mortgage servicing rights
    6       158       142  
Net (gain) loss on sale of investment securities available for sale
    -       13       (29 )
Net gain on disposal of fixed assets
    -       -       (8 )
(Gain) loss on sale of other real estate owned
    (23 )     142       225  
Write down of other real estate owned
    2,455       2,122       216  
Decrease in accrued interest receivable
    216       113       227  
Decrease in accrued interest payable
    (34 )     (440 )     (187 )
(Decrease) increase in other liabilities
    592       (2,475 )     2,850  
Earnings on bank-owned life insurance
    (547 )     (563 )     (514 )
(Increase) decrease in other assets
    913       (1,210 )     (564 )
Decrease (increase) in prepaid FDIC assessment
    1,087       (2,089 )     (135 )
Amortization of loan origination fees and costs
    (896 )     (964 )     (1,033 )
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) by Operating Activities
    7,821       (350 )     5,148  
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
                 
Proceeds from maturities and principal collections:
                 
Investment securities held to maturity
    949       153       370  
Investment securities available for sale
    37,955       20,130       13,076  
Proceeds from sales, investment securities available for sale
    -       192       1,150  
Purchases of investment securities held to maturity
    -       -       (2,370 )
Purchases of investment securities available for sale
    (71,333 )     (33,636 )     (18,715 )
Loan purchases
    (32,368 )     (21,359 )     (60,315 )
Loan originations and principal collections, net
    49,718       55,987       31,191  
Proceeds from sale of other real estate owned
    7,022       1,506       538  
Purchase of other real estate owned
    -       -       (777 )
Purchases of bank-owned life insurance
    -       -       (5,000 )
Net decrease in restricted stock
    1,218       -       329  
Purchases of property and equipment
    (227 )     (1,185 )     (277 )
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Investing Activities
    (7,066 )     21,788       (40,800 )
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
                       
Net (decrease) increase in deposits
    (42,403 )     80,347       63,018  
Net decrease in short-term borrowings
    -       -       (8,500 )
Proceeds from long-term borrowings
    -       3,000       5,000  
Repayment of long-term borrowings
    (6,236 )     (47,287 )     (10,677 )
(Decrease) increase in advances from borrowers for taxes and insurance
    66       (643 )     (352 )
Cash dividends paid
    (81 )     (327 )     (415 )
Treasury stock purchased
    -       (458 )     (19 )
Net Cash (Used in) Provided by Financing Activities
    (48,654 )     34,632       48,055  
 
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    (47,899 )     56,070       12,403  
                         
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning
    81,395       25,325       12,922  
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Ending
  $ 33,496     $ 81,395     $ 25,325  
Supplementary Cash Flows Information
                       
Interest paid
  $ 10,232     $ 14,081     $ 18,869  
Income taxes paid
  $ 11     $ 1,485     $ 510  
Non-cash transfer of loans to other real estate owned
  $ 12,460     $ 3,210     $ 5,848  
 
 
See notes to consolidated financial statements.
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 1 – Organizational Structure and Nature of Operations
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) and its subsidiaries, Malvern Federal Holdings, Inc., a Delaware investment company, and Malvern Federal Savings Bank (the “Bank”) and the Bank’s subsidiaries, Strategic Asset Management Group, Inc. (“SAMG”) and Malvern Federal Investments, Inc., a Delaware investment company,  provide various banking services, primarily accepting deposits and originating residential and commercial mortgage loans, consumer loans and other loans through the Bank’s eight full-service branches in Chester and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania.  SAMG owns 50% of Malvern Insurance Associates, LLC.  Malvern Insurance Associates, LLC offers a full line of business and personal lines of insurance products.  As of September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, SAMG’s total assets were $42,000 and $35,000, respectively.  The net income of SAMG for the year ended September 30, 2011 was $8,000.  There was no income reported for SAMG for the year ended September 30, 2010.  The net loss of SAMG for the year ended September 30, 2009 was $17,000.  The Company is subject to competition from various other financial institutions and financial services companies.  The Company is also subject to the regulations of certain federal agencies and, therefore, undergoes periodic examinations by those regulatory agencies.
 
In 2008, Malvern Federal Savings Bank (“Malvern Federal Savings” or the “Bank”) completed its reorganization to the mutual holding company form of organization and formed Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. (the “Company”) to serve as the stock holding company for the Bank.  In connection with the reorganization, the Company sold 2,645,575 shares of its common stock to certain members of the Bank and the public at a purchase price of $10.00 per share.  In addition, the Company issued 3,383,875 shares, or 55% of the then outstanding shares, of its common stock to Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company, a federally chartered mutual holding company (the “Mutual Holding Company”), and contributed 123,050 shares (with a value of $1.2 million), or 2.0% of the then outstanding shares, to the Malvern Federal Charitable Foundation, a newly created Delaware charitable foundation.  In addition to the shares of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. which it owns, Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company was capitalized with $100,000 in cash.  The offering resulted in approximately $26.0 million in net proceeds.  An Employee Stock Ownership Plan (“ESOP”) was established which borrowed approximately $2.6 million from Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. to purchase 241,178 shares of common stock.  Principal and interest payments of the loan are being made quarterly over a term of 18 years at a fixed interest rate of 5.0%.
 
In accordance with the subsequent events topic of the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) Accounting Standards Codification (the “Codification” or the “ASC”), the Company evaluates events and transactions that occur after the statement of financial condition date for potential recognition and disclosure in the consolidated financial statements.  The effect of all subsequent events that provide additional evidence of conditions that existed at the balance sheet date are recognized in the audited consolidated financial statements as of September 30, 2011.
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
 
Basis of Presentation and Consolidation
 
The consolidated financial statements at and for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 include the accounts of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and its subsidiaries.  All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of income and expenses during the reporting period.  Actual results could differ from those estimates.  Material estimates that are particularly susceptible to significant change in the near term relate to the determination of the allowance for loan losses, the valuation of deferred tax assets, the evaluation of other-than-temporary impairment of investment securities and fair value measurements.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Significant Group Concentrations of Credit Risk
 
Most of the Company’s activities are with customers located within Chester and Delaware Counties, Pennsylvania.  Note 5 discusses the types of investment securities that the Company invests in.  Note 6 discusses the types of lending that the Company engages in.  The Company does not have any significant concentrations to any one industry or customer.  Although the Company has a diversified portfolio, its debtors ability to honor their contracts is influenced by, among other factors, the region’s economy.
 
Cash and Cash Equivalents
 
For purposes of reporting cash flows, cash and cash equivalents include cash on hand, amounts due from depository institutions and interest bearing deposits.
 
The Company maintains cash deposits in other depository institutions that occasionally exceed the amount of deposit insurance available.  Management periodically assesses the financial condition of these institutions and believes that the risk of any possible credit loss is minimal.
 
The Company is required to maintain average reserve balances in vault cash with the Federal Reserve Bank based upon outstanding balances of deposit transaction accounts.  Based upon the Company’s outstanding transaction deposit balances, the Bank maintained a deposit account with the Federal Reserve Bank in the amount of $5.0 million and $4.9 million at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
 
Investment Securities
 
Debt securities held to maturity are securities that the Company has the positive intent and the ability to hold to maturity; these securities are reported at amortized cost and adjusted for unamortized premiums and discounts.  Securities held for trading are securities that are bought and held principally for the purpose of selling in the near term; these securities are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses reported in current earnings.  At September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, the Company had no investment securities classified as trading.  Debt securities that will be held for indefinite periods of time and equity securities, including securities that may be sold in response to changes in market interest or prepayment rates, needs for liquidity and changes in the availability of and the yield of alternative investments are classified as available for sale.  Realized gains and losses are recorded on the trade date and are determined using the specific identification method. Securities held as available for sale are reported at fair value, with unrealized gains and losses, net of tax, reported as a component of accumulated other comprehensive income (“AOCI”). Management determines the appropriate classification of investment securities at the time of purchase.
 
Securities are evaluated on a quarterly basis, and more frequently when market conditions warrant such an evaluation, to determine whether declines in their value are other-than-temporary.  To determine whether a loss in value is other-than-temporary, management utilizes criteria such as the reasons underlying the decline, the magnitude and duration of the decline and whether or not management intends to sell or expects that it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the security prior to an anticipated recovery of the fair value.  The term “other-than-temporary” is not intended to indicate that the decline is permanent, but indicates that the prospects for a near-term recovery of value is not necessarily favorable, or that there is a lack of evidence to support a realizable value equal to or greater than the carrying value of the investment. Once a decline in value for a debt security is determined to be other-than-temporary, the other-than-temporary impairment is separated into (a) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to a decrease in cash flows expected to be collected from the debt security (the credit loss) and (b) the amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors.  The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to the credit loss is recognized in earnings. The amount of the total other-than-temporary impairment related to all other factors is recognized in other comprehensive income.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Loans Receivable
 
The Company, through the Bank, grants mortgage, commercial and consumer loans to customers.  A substantial portion of the loan portfolio is represented by residential and commercial mortgage loans secured by properties located throughout Chester County, Pennsylvania and surrounding areas.  The ability of the Company’s debtors to honor their contracts is dependent upon, among other factors, the real estate and general economic conditions in this area.
 
Loans receivable that management has the intent and ability to hold until maturity or payoff are stated at their outstanding unpaid principal balances, net of an allowance for loan losses and any deferred fees and costs.  Interest income is accrued on the unpaid principal balance.  Loan origination fees and costs are deferred and recognized as an adjustment of the yield (interest income) of the related loans using the interest method.  The Company is amortizing these amounts over the contractual lives of the loans.
 
The loans receivable portfolio is segmented into residential loans, construction and development loans, commercial loans and consumer loans.  The residential loan segment has one class, one- to four-family first lien residential mortgage loans. The construction and development loan segment consists of the following classes: residential and commercial and land loans. Residential construction loans are made for the acquisition of and/or construction on a lot or lots on which a residential dwelling is to be built. Commercial construction loans are made for the purpose of acquiring, developing and constructing a commercial structure.  The commercial loan segment consists of the following classes: commercial real estate loans, multi-family real estate loans, and other commercial loans, which are also generally known as commercial and industrial loans or commercial business loans. The consumer loan segment consists of the following classes: home equity lines of credit, second mortgage loans and other consumer loans, primarily unsecured consumer lines of credit.
 
For all classes of loans receivable, the accrual of interest is discontinued when the contractual payment of principal or interest has become 90 days past due or management has serious doubts about further collection of principal or interest, even though the loan is currently performing. A loan may remain on accrual status if it is in the process of collection and is either guaranteed or well secured. When a loan is placed on nonaccrual status, unpaid interest credited to income in the current year is reversed and unpaid interest accrued in prior years is charged against the allowance for loan losses. Interest received on nonaccrual loans, including impaired loans, generally is either applied against principal or reported as interest income, according to management’s judgment as to the collectability of principal. Generally, loans are restored to accrual status when the obligation is brought current, has performed in accordance with the contractual terms for a reasonable period of time (generally six months) and the ultimate collectability of the total contractual principal and interest is no longer in doubt.  The past due status of all classes of loans receivable is determined based on contractual due dates for loan payments.
 
In addition to originating loans, the Company purchases consumer and mortgage loans from brokers in our market area.  Such purchases are reviewed for compliance with our underwriting criteria before they are purchased, and are generally purchased without recourse to the seller.  Premiums and discounts on purchased loans are amortized as adjustments to interest income using the effective yield method.
 
Allowance for Loan Losses
 
The allowance for credit losses consists of the allowance for loan losses and the reserve for unfunded lending commitments. The allowance for loan losses represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in the loan portfolio as of the consolidated statement of financial condition date and is recorded as a reduction to loans. The reserve for unfunded lending commitments represents management’s estimate of losses inherent in its unfunded loan commitments and is recorded in other liabilities on the consolidated statement of financial condition. The allowance for loan losses (“ALLL”) is increased by the provision for loan losses and decreased by charge-offs, net of recoveries. Loans deemed to be uncollectible are charged against the allowance for loan losses, and subsequent recoveries, if any, are credited to the allowance. All, or part, of the principal balance of loans receivable are charged off to the allowance as soon as it is determined that the repayment of all, or part, of the principal balance is highly unlikely. Non-residential consumer loans are generally charged off no later than when they become 120 days past due on a contractual basis or earlier in the event of the borrower’s bankruptcy or if there is an amount deemed uncollectible. Because all identified losses are immediately charged off, no portion of the allowance for loan losses is restricted to any individual loan or groups of loans, and the entire allowance is available to absorb any and all loan losses.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
The allowance for credit losses is maintained at a level considered adequate to provide for losses that can be reasonably estimated. Management performs a quarterly evaluation of the adequacy of the allowance. The allowance is based on the Company’s past loan loss experience, known and inherent risks in the portfolio, adverse situations that may affect the borrower’s ability to repay, the estimated value of any underlying collateral, the composition of the loan portfolio, current economic conditions and other relevant factors. This evaluation is inherently subjective as it requires material estimates that may be susceptible to significant revision as more information becomes available.
 
The allowance consists of specific, general and unallocated components. The specific component relates to loans that are classified as impaired. For loans that are classified as impaired, an allowance is established when the discounted cash flows (or collateral value or observable market price) of the impaired loan is lower than the carrying value of that loan. The general component covers pools of loans by loan class that are not considered impaired.  These pools of loans are evaluated for loss exposure based upon historical loss rates for each of these classes of loans, as adjusted for qualitative factors.  These qualitative risk factors include:
 
1.
Lending policies and procedures, including underwriting standards and collection, charge-off, and recovery practices.
2.
National, regional, and local economic and business conditions as well as the condition of various market segments, including the value of underlying collateral for collateral dependent loans.
3.
The nature and volume of the loan portfolio and terms of loans.
4.
The experience, ability, and depth of lending management and staff.
5.
The volume and severity of past due, classified and nonaccrual loans as well as and other loan modifications.
6.
The quality of the Company’s loan review system, and the degree of oversight by the Company’s Board of Directors.
7.
The existence and effect of any concentrations of credit and changes in the level of such concentrations.
8.
The effect of external factors, such as competition and legal and regulatory requirements.
 
The qualitative factors are applied to the historical loss rates for each class of loan. In addition, while not reported as a separate factor, changes in the value of underlying collateral (for regional property values) for collateral dependent loans is considered and addressed within the economic trends factor.  A quarterly calculation is made adjusting the reserve allocation for each factor within a risk weighted range as it relates to each particular loan type, collateral type and risk rating within each segment.  Data is gathered and evaluated through internal, regulatory, and government sources quarterly for each factor.
 
An unallocated component is maintained to cover uncertainties that could affect management’s estimate of probable losses. The unallocated component of the allowance reflects the margin of imprecision inherent in the underlying assumptions used in the methodologies for estimating specific and general losses in the portfolio.
 
In addition, the allowance calculation methodology includes further segregation of loan classes into risk rating categories. The borrower’s overall financial condition, repayment sources, guarantors and value of collateral, if appropriate, are evaluated annually for commercial loans or when credit deficiencies arise, such as delinquent loan payments, for commercial and consumer loans. Credit quality risk ratings include categories of “pass,” “special mention,” “substandard” and “doubtful.” Assets classified as “Pass” are those protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or by the value of the underlying collateral. Assets which do not currently expose the insured institution to sufficient risk to warrant classification as substandard or doubtful but possess certain identified weaknesses are required to be designated “special mention.” If uncorrected, the potential weaknesses may result in deterioration of the repayment prospects.  An asset is considered “substandard” if it is inadequately protected by the current net worth and paying capacity of the obligor or of the collateral pledged, if any.   “Substandard” assets include those characterized by the “distinct possibility” that the insured institution will sustain “some loss” if the deficiencies are not corrected. Assets classified as “doubtful” have all of the weaknesses inherent in those classified “substandard” with the added characteristic that the weaknesses present make “collection or liquidation in full,” on the basis of currently existing facts, conditions, and values, “highly questionable and improbable.”
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Residential Lending.  Residential mortgage originations are secured primarily by properties located in the Company’s primary market area and surrounding areas. We currently originate fixed-rate, fully amortizing mortgage loans with maturities of 15 to 30 years.  We also offer adjustable rate mortgage (“ARM”) loans where the interest rate either adjusts on an annual basis or is fixed for the initial one, three or five years and then adjusts annually.  However, due to local market conditions, we have not originated a significant amount of ARM loans in recent years.
 
We underwrite one- to four-family residential mortgage loans with loan-to-value ratios of up to 95%, provided that the borrower obtains private mortgage insurance on loans that exceed 80% of the appraised value or sales price, whichever is less, of the secured property.  We also require that title insurance, hazard insurance and, if appropriate, flood insurance be maintained on all properties securing real estate loans.  We require that a licensed appraiser from our list of approved appraisers perform and submit to us an appraisal on all properties secured by a first mortgage on one- to four-family first mortgage loans.
 
In underwriting one- to four-family residential mortgage loans, the Company evaluates both the borrower’s ability to make monthly payments and the value of the property securing the loan.  Most properties securing real estate loans made by the Company are appraised by independent fee appraisers approved by the Board of Directors.  The Company generally requires borrowers to obtain an attorney’s title opinion or title insurance, and fire and property insurance (including flood insurance, if necessary) in an amount not less than the amount of the loan.  Real estate loans originated by the Company generally contain a “due on sale” clause allowing the Company to declare the unpaid principal balance due and payable upon the sale of the security property.  The Company has not engaged in sub-prime residential mortgage loan originations. Our single-family residential mortgage loans generally are underwritten on terms and documentation conforming to guidelines issued by Freddie Mac and Fannie Mae.
 
Construction and Development Loans. During fiscal 2010, the Company generally ceased originating any new construction and development loans. Previously, we originated construction loans for residential and, to a lesser extent, commercial uses within our market area. We generally limited construction loans to builders and developers with whom we had an established relationship, or who were otherwise known to officers of the Bank. Our construction and development loans currently in the portfolio typically have variable rates of interest tied to the prime rate which improves the interest rate sensitivity of our loan portfolio.
 
Construction and development loans generally are considered to involve a higher level of risk than one-to four-family residential lending, due to the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers and the effect of economic conditions on developers, builders and projects.  Additional risk is also associated with construction lending because of the inherent difficulty in estimating both a property’s value at completion and the estimated cost (including interest) to complete a project. The nature of these loans is such that they are more difficult to evaluate and monitor. In addition, speculative construction loans to a builder are not pre-sold and thus pose a greater potential risk than construction loans to individuals on their personal residences.  In order to mitigate some of the risks inherent to construction lending, we inspect properties under construction, review construction progress prior to advancing funds, work with builders with whom we have established relationships, require annual updating of tax returns and other financial data of developers and obtain personal guarantees from the principals.
 
Commercial Lending.  During fiscal 2010, the Company generally ceased originating new commercial or multi-family real estate mortgage loans and we are no longer purchasing whole loans or participation interests in commercial real estate or multi-family loans from other financial institutions. Commercial and multi-family real estate loans generally present a higher level of risk than loans secured by one- to four-family residences.  This greater risk is due to several factors, including the concentration of principal in a limited number of loans and borrowers, the effect of general economic conditions on income producing properties and the increased difficulty of evaluating and monitoring these types of loans.  Furthermore, the repayment of loans secured by commercial and multi-family real estate is typically dependent upon the successful operation of the related real estate project.  If the cash flow from the project is reduced (for example, if leases are not obtained or renewed, or a bankruptcy court modifies a lease term, or a major tenant is unable to fulfill its lease obligations), the borrower’s ability to repay the loan may be impaired.
  
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Most of the Company’s commercial business loans have been extended to finance local and regional businesses and include short-term loans to finance machinery and equipment purchases, inventory and accounts receivable.  The commercial business loans which we originated may be either a revolving line of credit or for a fixed term of generally 10 years or less. Interest rates are adjustable, indexed to a published prime rate of interest, or fixed. Generally, equipment, machinery, real property or other corporate assets secure such loans. Personal guarantees from the business principals are generally obtained as additional collateral.
 
Consumer Lending Activities. The Company currently originates most of its consumer loans in its primary market area and surrounding areas.  The Company originates consumer loans on both a direct and indirect basis. Consumer loans generally have higher interest rates and shorter terms than residential mortgage loans; however, they have additional credit risk due to the type of collateral securing the loan or in some case the absence of collateral.  As a result of the declines in the market value of real estate and the deterioration in the overall economy, we are continuing to evaluate and monitor the credit conditions of our consumer loan borrowers and the real estate values of the properties securing our second mortgage loans as part of our on-going efforts to assess the overall credit quality of the portfolio in connection with our review of the allowance for loan losses.
 
Consumer loans may entail greater credit risk than do residential mortgage loans, particularly in the case of consumer loans which are unsecured or are secured by rapidly depreciable assets, such as automobiles or recreational equipment.  In such cases, any repossessed collateral for a defaulted consumer loan may not provide an adequate source of repayment of the outstanding loan balance as a result of the greater likelihood of damage, loss or depreciation.  In addition, consumer loan collections are dependent on the borrower’s continuing financial stability, and thus are more likely to be affected by adverse personal circumstances.  Furthermore, the application of various federal and state laws, including bankruptcy and insolvency laws, may limit the amount which can be recovered on such loans.
 
Once all factor adjustments are applied, general reserve allocations for each segment are calculated, summarized and reported on the ALLL summary.  ALLL final schedules, calculations and the resulting evaluation process are reviewed quarterly by the Bank’s Asset Classification Committee and the Bank’s Board of Directors.
 
In addition, Federal bank regulatory agencies, as an integral part of their examination process, periodically review the Company’s allowance for loan losses and may require the Company to recognize additions to the allowance based on their judgments about information available to them at the time of their examination, which may not be currently available to management. Based on management’s comprehensive analysis of the loan portfolio, management believes the current level of the allowance for loan losses is adequate.
 
A loan is considered impaired when, based on current information and events, it is probable that the Company will be unable to collect the scheduled payments of principal or interest when due according to the contractual terms of the loan agreement.  Factors considered by management in determining impairment include payment status, collateral value and the probability of collecting scheduled principal and interest payments when due.  Loans that experience insignificant payment delays and payment shortfalls generally are not classified as impaired.  Management determines the significance of payment delays and payment shortfalls on a case-by-case basis, taking into consideration all of the circumstances surrounding the loan and the borrower, including the length of the delay, the reasons for the delay, the borrower’s prior payment record and the amount of the shortfall in relation to the principal and interest owed.
 
An allowance for loan losses is established for an impaired loan if its carrying value exceeds its estimated fair value.  The estimated fair values of substantially all of the Company’s impaired loans are measured based on the estimated fair value of the loan’s collateral.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
For commercial loans secured by real estate, estimated fair values are determined primarily through third-party appraisals. When a real estate secured loan becomes impaired, a decision is made regarding whether an updated appraisal of the real estate is necessary.  This decision is based on various considerations, including the age of the most recent appraisal, the loan-to-value ratio based on the original appraisal and the condition of the property.  Appraised values are discounted to arrive at the estimated selling price of the collateral, which is considered to be the estimated fair value.  The discounts also include estimated costs to sell the property.
 
For commercial and industrial loans secured by non-real estate collateral, such as accounts receivable, inventory and equipment, estimated fair values are determined based on the borrower’s financial statements, inventory reports, accounts receivable aging or equipment appraisals or invoices.  Indications of value from these sources are generally discounted based on the age of the financial information or the quality of the assets.
 
Loan Servicing
 
Servicing assets are recognized as separate assets when rights are acquired through purchase or through sale of financial assets.  For sales of mortgage loans, a portion of the cost of originating the loan is allocated to the servicing right based on relative fair value.  Fair value is based on market prices for comparable mortgage servicing contracts, when available, or alternatively is based on a valuation model that calculates the present value of estimated future net servicing income.  The valuation model incorporates assumptions that market participants would use in estimating future net servicing income, such as the cost to service, the discount rate, the custodial earnings rate, an inflation rate, ancillary income, prepayment speeds and default rates and losses.  Capitalized servicing rights are reported in other assets and are amortized into non-interest expense in proportion to, and over the period of, the estimated future net servicing income of the underlying financial assets.
 
Servicing assets are evaluated for impairment based upon the fair value of the rights as compared to amortized cost.  Impairment is determined by stratifying rights into tranches based on predominant risk characteristics, such as interest rate, loan type and investor type.  Impairment is recognized through a valuation allowance for an individual tranche, to the extent that fair value is less than the capitalized amount for the tranche.  If the Company later determines that all or a portion of the impairment no longer exists for a particular tranche, a reduction of the allowance may be recorded as an increase to income.
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings
 
Loans whose terms are modified are classified as troubled debt restructurings if the Company grants such borrowers concessions and it is deemed that those borrowers are experiencing financial difficulty.  Concessions granted under a troubled debt restructuring may be modified by means of extending the maturity date of the loan, reducing the interest rate on the loan to a rate which is below market, a combination of rate adjustments and maturity extensions, or by other means including covenant modifications, forbearances or other concessions. However, the Company generally only restructures loans by modifying the payment structure to interest only or by reducing the actual interest rate. We do not accrue interest on loans that were non-accrual prior to the troubled debt restructuring until they have performed in accordance with their restructured terms for a period of at least six months.  We continue to accrue interest on troubled debt restructurings which were performing in accordance with their terms prior to the restructure and continue to perform in accordance with their restructured terms.  Management evaluates the ALLL with respect to TDRs under the same policy and guidelines as all other performing loans are evaluated with respect to the ALLL.
 
Other Real Estate Owned
 
Assets acquired through, or in lieu of, loan foreclosure are held for sale and are initially recorded at fair value at the date of foreclosure, establishing a new cost basis.  Subsequent to foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the assets are carried at the lower of the previously established carrying amount or fair value less cost to sell.  Revenue and expenses from operations and changes in the valuation allowance are included in other expenses from other real estate owned.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Restricted Stock
 
Restricted stock represents required investments in the common stock of a correspondent bank and is carried at cost. As of September 30, 2011 and September 30, 2010, restricted stock consists solely of the common stock of the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (“FHLB”).
 
 Management’s evaluation and determination of whether these investments are impaired is based on their assessment of the ultimate recoverability of their cost rather than by recognizing temporary declines in value.  The determination of whether a decline affects the ultimate recoverability of an investment’s cost is influenced by criteria such as (1) the significance of the decline in net assets of the FHLB as compared to the capital stock amount for the FHLB and the length of time this situation has persisted, (2) commitments by the FHLB to make payments required by law or regulation and the  level of such payments in relation to the operating performance of the FHLB, and (3) the impact of legislative and regulatory changes on institutions and, accordingly, on the customer base of the FHLB.
 
Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment are carried at cost.  Depreciation is computed using the straight-line and accelerated methods over estimated useful lives ranging from 3 to 39 years beginning when assets are placed in service.  When assets are retired or otherwise disposed of, the cost and related accumulated depreciation are removed from the accounts and any gain or loss is reflected in income for the period.  The cost of maintenance and repairs is charged to income as incurred.
 
Transfers of Financial Assets
 
Transfers of financial assets are accounted for as sales when control over the assets has been surrendered.  Control over transferred assets is deemed to be surrendered when (1) the assets have been isolated from the Company, (2) the transferee obtains the right (free of conditions that constrain it from taking advantage of that right) to pledge or exchange the transferred assets, and (3) the Company does not maintain effective control over the transferred assets through an agreement to repurchase them before their maturity.
 
Bank-Owned Life Insurance
 
The Company invests in bank owned life insurance (“BOLI”) as a source of funding for employee benefit expenses.  BOLI involves the purchasing of life insurance by the Bank on a chosen group of employees.  The Bank is the owner and beneficiary of the policies.  This life insurance investment is carried at the cash surrender value of the underlying policies.  Earnings from the increase in cash surrender value of the policies are included in other income on the statement of income.
 
Employee Benefit Plans
 
The Bank’s 401(k) plan allows eligible participants to set aside a certain percentage of their salaries before taxes.  The Company may elect to match employee contributions up to a specified percentage of their respective salaries in an amount determined annually by the Board of Directors.  The Company’s matching contribution related to the plan resulted in expenses of $54,000, $116,000, and $166,000, for fiscal 2011, 2010, and 2009, respectively.  There were no bonus matching contributions for fiscal years 2011 and 2010.
 
The Company also maintains a Supplemental Executive and a Director Retirement Plan (the “Plans”).  The accrued amount for the Plans included in other liabilities was $1.0 million and $893,000 at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  Distributions made for the fiscal year 2011 and 2010 were $29,000 and $25,000, respectively.  The expense associated with the Plans for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010, and 2009 was $172,000, $167,000, and $148,000, respectively.


Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Advertising Costs
 
The Company follows the policy of charging the costs of advertising to expense as incurred.
 
Income Taxes
 
Deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to temporary differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax basis.  Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled.  The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.  These calculations are based on many complex factors including estimates of the timing of reversals of temporary differences, the interpretation of federal income tax laws and a determination of the differences between the tax and the financial reporting basis of assets and liabilities.  Actual results could differ significantly from the estimates and interpretations used in determining the current and deferred income tax assets and liabilities.
 
A valuation allowance is required to be recognized if it is “more likely than not” that a portion of the deferred tax assets will not be realized.  The Company’s policy is to evaluate the deferred tax asset on a quarterly basis and record a valuation allowance for our deferred tax asset if we do not have sufficient positive evidence indicating that it is more likely than not that some or all of the deferred tax asset will be realized.
 
Commitments and Contingencies
 
In the ordinary course of business, the Company has entered into off-balance sheet financial instruments consisting of commitments to extend credit and standby letters of credit.  Such financial instruments are recorded in the statement of financial condition when they are funded.
 
Segment Information
 
The Company has one reportable segment, “Community Banking.”  All of the Company’s activities are interrelated, and each activity is dependent and assessed based on how each of the activities of the Company supports the others.  For example, lending is dependent upon the ability of the Company to fund itself with deposits and other borrowings and manage interest rate and credit risk.  Accordingly, all significant operating decisions are based upon analysis of the Company as one segment or unit.
 
Comprehensive Income
 
Accounting principles generally require that recognized revenue, expenses, gains and losses be included in net income.  Although certain changes in assets and liabilities, such as unrealized gains and losses on available for sale investment securities, are reported as a separate component of the shareholders’ equity section of the statement of financial condition, such items, along with net income, are components of comprehensive income.
 
The components of other comprehensive income and related tax effects are as follows for the year ended September 30:
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Unrealized holding gains on available for sale securities
  $ 260     $ 226     $ 513  
Reclassification adjustment for (gains) losses included in
  operations
    -       13       (29 )
   Net Unrealized Gains
    260       239       484  
Income tax  effect
    88       81       185  
   Net of Tax Amount
  $ 172     $ 158     $ 299  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 2 – Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)
 
Reclassifications
 
Certain reclassifications have been made to the previous years’ financial statements to conform to the current year’s presentation.  These reclassifications had no effect on the Company’s results of operations.
 
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
 
In September 2011, the FASB issued ASU 2011-08, “Goodwill and Other (Topic 350) Testing Goodwill for Impairment.” The purpose of this amendment is to simplify how entities test goodwill for impairment. This amendment permits an entity to first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is more likely than not that the fair value of a reporting unit is less than its carrying amount as a basis for determining whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test described in Topic 350. The more-likely-than-not threshold is defined as having a likelihood of more than 50 percent. These amendments are effective for interim and annual goodwill impairment tests performed for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2011. Early application is permitted, including for annual and interim goodwill impairment tests performed as of a date before September 15, 2011, if an entity’s financial statements for the most recent annual or interim period have not yet been issued.  The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2011-08 will have an impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition. The Bank elected not to early adopt this update.
 
In June 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) No. 2011-05, “Comprehensive Income (ASC Topic 220): Presentation of Comprehensive Income,” (“ASU 2011-05”) which amends current comprehensive income guidance.  This accounting update eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of shareholders’ equity.  Instead, the Company must report comprehensive income in either a single continuous statement of comprehensive income which contains two sections, net income and other comprehensive income, or in two separate but consecutive statements.  ASU 2011-05 will be effective for public companies during the interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011 with early adoption permitted.  The adoption of ASU 2011-05 will not have an impact on the Company’s statements of operations, financial condition or cash flows as it only requires a change in the format of the current presentation.
 
In May 2011 the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-04, “Fair Value Measurements (Topic 820): Amendments to Achieve Common Fair Value Measurement and Disclosure Requirements in US GAAP and International Financial Reporting Standards (“IFRS”).  ASU 2011-04 represents the converged guidance of the FASB and the IASB (the “Boards”) on fair value measurements.  The collective efforts of the Boards and their staffs, reflected in ASU 2011-04, have resulted in common requirements for measuring fair value and for disclosing information about fair value measurements, including a consistent meaning of the term “fair value.” The Boards have concluded the common requirements will result in greater comparability of fair value measurements presented and disclosed in financial statements prepared in accordance with GAAP and IFRS.  The amendments in this ASU are required to be applied prospectively, and are effective for interim and annual periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  The Company does not expect that the adoption of ASU 2011-04 will have a significant impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition.
 
In April 2011, the FASB issued ASU No. 2011-02, “A Creditor’s Determination of Whether a Restructuring is a Troubled Debt Restructuring.”  The provisions of ASU No. 2011-02 provide additional guidance related to determining whether a creditor has granted a concession, include factors and examples for creditors to consider in evaluating whether a restructuring results in a delay in payment that is insignificant, prohibit creditors from using the borrower’s effective rate test to evaluate whether a concession has been granted to the borrower, and add factors for creditors to use in determining whether a borrower is experiencing financial difficulties.  A provision in ASU No. 2011-02 also ends the FASB’s deferral of the additional disclosures about troubled debt restructurings as required by ASU No. 2010-20.  The provisions of ASU No. 2011-02 are effective for interim and annual periods beginning on or after June 15, 2011.  The adoption of ASU No. 2011-02 did not have a material impact on the Company’s statements of operations and financial condition.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 3 – Earnings Per Share
 
Basic earnings per common share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding reduced by unearned ESOP shares.  Diluted earnings per share is computed based on the weighted average number of shares outstanding and common stock equivalents (“CSEs”) that would arise from the exercise of dilutive securities reduced by unearned ESOP shares.  As of September 30, 2011 and 2010 and for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company had not issued and did not have any outstanding CSEs and at the present time, the Company’s capital structure has no potential dilutive securities.
 
The following table sets forth the composition of the weighted average shares (denominator) used in the earnings per share computations.
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands, except per share data)
 
Net (Loss) Income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010  
                         
Weighted average shares outstanding
    6,102,500       6,107,495       6,152,418  
Average unearned ESOP shares
    (203,184 )     (216,590 )     (229,997 )
Weighted average shares outstanding – basic
    5,899,316       5,890,905       5,922,421  
                         
Earnings (Loss) per share - basic
  $ (1.04 )   $ (0.53 )   $ 0.17  
 
Note 4 – Employee Stock Ownership Plan
 
The Company established an employee stock ownership plan (“ESOP”) for substantially all of its full-time employees. Certain senior officers of the Bank have been designated as Trustees of the ESOP.  Shares of the Company’s common stock purchased by the ESOP are held until released for allocation to participants.  Shares released are allocated to each eligible participant based on the ratio of each such participant’s base compensation to the total base compensation of all eligible plan participants. As the unearned shares are committed to be released and allocated among participants, the Company recognizes compensation expense equal to the fair value of the ESOP shares during the periods in which they become committed to be released.  To the extent that the fair value of the ESOP shares released differs from the cost of such shares, the difference is charged or credited to additional paid-in capital.  During the period from May 20, 2008 to September 30, 2008, the ESOP purchased 241,178 shares of the Company’s common stock for approximately $2.6 million, an average price of $10.86 per share, which was funded by a loan from Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.  The ESOP loan is being repaid principally from the Bank’s contributions to the ESOP.  The loan, which bears an interest rate of 5%, is being repaid in quarterly installments through 2026.  Shares are released to participants proportionately as the loan is repaid. During the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, there were 13,404, 13,404, and 13,404 shares, respectively, committed to be released.  At September 30, 2011, there were 196,500 unallocated shares held by the ESOP which had an aggregate fair value of approximately $1.3 million.

 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
 
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 5 - Investment Securities
 
At September 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company’s mortgage-backed securities consisted solely of securities backed by residential mortgage loans.  The Company held no mortgage-backed securities backed by commercial mortgage loans at either date.
 
Investment securities available for sale at September 30, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:
 
   
2011
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
U.S. government obligations
  $ 4,998     $ 12     $ -     $ 5,010  
U.S. government agencies
    23,874       98       (26 )     23,946  
FHLB notes
    4,498       5       (7 )     4,496  
State and municipal obligations
    952       31       (20 )     963  
Single issuer trust preferred security
    1,000       -       (210 )     790  
Corporate debt securities
    2,185       29       -       2,214  
      37,507       175       (263 )     37,419  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
   FNMA:
                               
      Adjustable-rate
    2,500       135       -       2,635  
      Fixed-rate
    897       57       -       954  
   FHLMC:
                               
      Adjustable-rate
    643       21       -       664  
      Fixed-rate
    325       27       -       352  
   GNMA, adjustable-rate
    147       4       -       151  
   CMO, fixed-rate
    31,838       425       (49 )     32,214  
      36,350       669       (49 )     36,970  
    $ 73,857     $ 844     $ (312 )   $ 74,389  
 

Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 5 - Investment Securities (Continued)
 
   
2010
 
   
Amortized
Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
U.S. government obligations
  $ 4,997     $ -     $ -     $ 4,997  
U.S. government agencies
    12,706       41       (2 )     12,745  
FHLB notes
    2,999       10       -       3,009  
State and municipal obligations
    1,199       26       (18 )     1,207  
Single issuer trust preferred security
    1,000       -       (241 )     759  
Corporate debt securities
    1,451       25       (1 )     1,475  
      24,352       102       (262 )     24,192  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities:
                               
   FNMA:
                               
      Adjustable-rate
    3,329       159       -       3,488  
      Fixed-rate
    1,479       60       -       1,539  
   FHLMC:
                               
      Adjustable-rate
    849       24       -       873  
      Fixed-rate
    475       37       -       512  
   GNMA, adjustable-rate
    165       4       -       169  
   CMO, fixed-rate
    9,798       179       (31 )     9,946  
      16,095       463       (31 )     16,527  
    $ 40,447     $ 565     $ (293 )   $ 40,719  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 5 - Investment Securities (Continued)
 
There were no sales of investments during fiscal 2011.  Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale during fiscal 2010 were $192,000.  Gross losses of $13,000 were realized on these sales.  Proceeds from sales of securities available for sale during fiscal 2009 were $1.2 million.  Gross gains of $29,000 were realized on these sales.
 
Investment securities held to maturity at September 30, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:
 
   
2011
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
                       
  GNMA, adjustable-rate
  $ 231     $ 9     $ -     $ 240  
  GNMA, fixed-rate
    1       -       -       1  
  FNMA, fixed-rate
    3,565       218       -       3,783  
    $ 3,797     $ 227     $ -     $ 4,024  
 
   
2010
 
   
Amortized Cost
   
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
   
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
   
Fair
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Mortgage-backed securities:
                       
  GNMA, adjustable-rate
  $ 265     $ 9     $ -     $ 274  
  GNMA, fixed-rate
    1       -       -       1  
  FNMA, fixed-rate
    4,450       200       -       4,650  
    $ 4,716     $ 209     $ -     $ 4,925  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 5 - Investment Securities (Continued)
 
The following tables summarize the aggregate investments at September 30, 2011 and 2010 that were in an unrealized loss position.
 
   
2011
 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
More than 12 Months
   
Total
 
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Investment Securities
                                   
  Available for Sale:
                                   
    U.S. government agencies
  $ 6,971     $ (26 )   $ -     $ -     $ 6,971     $ (26 )
    FHLB notes
    994       (5 )     997       (2 )     1,991       (7 )
    State and municipal obligations
    20       (20 )     -       -       20       (20 )
    Single issuer trust preferred
      security
    -       -       790       (210 )     790       (210 )
    Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
      CMO, fixed-rate
    6,077       (49 )     -       -       6,077       (49 )
    $ 14,062     $ (100 )   $ 1,787     $ (212 )   $ 15,849     $ (312 )
 
   
2010
 
   
Less than 12 Months
   
More than 12 Months
   
Total
 
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
   
Fair
   
Unrealized
 
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
   
Value
   
Losses
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Investment Securities
                                   
  Available for Sale:
                                   
    U.S. government agencies
  $ 1,996     $ (2 )   $ -     $ -     $ 1,996     $ (2 )
    State and municipal obligations
    -       -       27       (18 )     27       (18 )
    Single issuer trust preferred
      security
    -       -       759       (241 )     759       (241 )
    Corporate debt security
    499       (1 )     -       -       499       (1 )
    Mortgage-backed securities:
                                               
      CMO, fixed-rate
    967       (31 )     -       -       967       (31 )
    $ 3,462     $ (34 )   $ 786     $ (259 )   $ 4,248     $ (293 )
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 5 - Investment Securities (Continued)
 
The Company had no securities classified as held to maturity which were in an unrealized loss position at September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
As of September 30, 2011, the estimated fair value of the securities disclosed above was primarily dependent upon the movement in market interest rates particularly given the negligible inherent credit risk associated with these securities. These investment securities are comprised of securities that are rated investment grade by at least one bond credit rating service. Although the fair value will fluctuate as the market interest rates move, management believes that these fair values will recover as the underlying portfolios mature and are reinvested in market rate yielding investments. As of September 30, 2011, the Company held six U.S. government agency securities, one tax-free municipal, two FHLB notes, five mortgage-backed securities and one single issuer trust preferred security, all of which were in an unrealized loss position.  The Company does not intend to sell and it is not more likely than not that it will be required to sell these securities until such time as the value recovers or the securities mature. Management does not believe any individual unrealized loss as of September 30, 2011 represents other-than-temporary impairment.
 
At September 30, 2011, the gross unrealized loss of the single issuer trust preferred security improved by $31,000 from an unrealized loss at September 30, 2010 of $241,000 to an unrealized loss of $210,000 as of September 30, 2011. The historic changes in the economy and interest rates have caused the pricing of agency securities, mortgage-backed securities, and trust preferred securities to widen dramatically over U.S. Treasury securities into fiscal September 2011, but slight signs of improvement have recently occurred that have slightly stabilized the market.  Management will continue to monitor the performance of this security and the markets to determine the true economic value of this security.
 
At September 30, 2011 and 2010 the Company had no securities pledged to secure public deposits.
 
The amortized cost and fair value of debt securities by contractual maturity at September 30, 2011 follows:
 
   
Available for Sale
   
Held to Maturity
 
   
Amortized
   
Fair
   
Amortized
   
Fair
 
   
Cost
   
Value
   
Cost
   
Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Within 1 year
  $ 23,316     $ 23,161     $ -     $ -  
Over 1 year through 5 years
    13,197       13,286       -       -  
After 5 years through 10 years
    (5 )     (25 )     -       -  
Over 10 years
    999       997       -       -  
      37,507       37,419       -       -  
Mortgage-backed securities
    36,350       36,970       3,797       4,024  
    $ 73,857     $ 74,389     $ 3,797     $ 4,024  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses
 
Loans receivable consisted of the following at September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential mortgage
  $ 229,330     $ 230,966  
Construction and Development:
               
  Residential and commercial
    26,005       30,429  
  Land
    2,722       2,989  
    Total Construction and Development
    28,727       33,418  
Commercial:
               
  Commercial real estate
    131,225       143,095  
  Multi-family
    5,507       6,493  
  Other
    10,992       11,398  
    Total Commercial
    147,724       160,986  
Consumer:
               
  Home equity lines of credit
    20,735       19,927  
  Second mortgages
    85,881       105,825  
  Other
    788       1,086  
    Total Consumer
    107,404       126,838  
                 
  Total loans
    513,185       552,208  
                 
Deferred loan cost, net
    2,935       3,272  
Allowance for loan losses
    (10,101 )     (8,157 )
                 
Total loans receivable, net
  $ 506,019     $ 547,323  
 
A summary of activity in the allowance for loan loss follows:
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Beginning balance
  $ 8,157     $ 5,718     $ 5,505  
Provision for loan losses
    12,392       9,367       2,280  
Charge-offs
    (10,550 )     (6,933 )     (2,097 )
Recoveries
    102       5       30  
Balance at end of year
  $ 10,101     $ 8,157     $ 5,718  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
The following table summarizes the primary classes of the allowance for loan losses, segregated into the amount required for loans individually evaluated for impairment and the amount required for loans collectively evaluated for impairment as of and for the year ended September 30, 2011.  
         
Construction and Development
   
Commercial
   
Consumer
             
   
Residential Mortgage
   
Residential and Commercial
   
Land
   
Commercial Real
Estate
   
Multi-family
   
Other
   
Home Equity Lines of Credit
   
Second Mortgages
   
Other
   
Unallocated
   
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Allowance for loan losses:
                                                                 
Beginning balance
  $ 1,555     $ 689     $ 63     $ 2,741     $ 191     $ 303     $ 284     $ 2,264     $ 22     $ 45     $ 8,157  
Charge-offs
    (2,478 )     (1,307 )     -       (2,460 )     (164 )     (278 )     (166 )     (3,691 )     (6 )     -       (10,550 )
Recoveries
    1       -       -       1       1       5       3       82       9       -       102  
Provision
    2,380       2,245       (14 )     3,894        21       287        99       3,499       (9 )     (10 )     12,392  
Ending Balance
  $ 1,458     $ 1,627     $ 49     $ 4,176     $ 49     $ 317     $ 220     $ 2,154     $ 16     $ 35     $ 10,101  
                                                                                         
Ending balance:
   individually
   evaluated
   for impairment
  $ 296     $ 870     $ -     $ 751     $ -     $ 20     $ 61     $ 356     $ -     $ -     $ 2,354  
Ending balance:
   collectively
   evaluated for
   impairment
  $ 1,162     $ 757     $ 49     $ 3,425     $ 49     $ 297     $ 159     $ 1,798     $ 16     $ 35     $ 7,747  
                                                                                         
Loans receivable:
                                                                                       
Ending balance
  $ 229,330     $ 26,005     $ 2,722     $ 131,225     $ 5,507     $ 10,992     $ 20,735     $ 85,881     $ 788             $ 513,185  
Ending balance:
   individually
   evaluated for
   impairment
  $ 1,651     $ 5,201     $ -     $ 6,996     $ -     $ 195     $ 60     $ 757     $ -             $ 14,860  
Ending balance:
   collectively
   evaluated for
   impairment
  $ 227,679     $ 20,804     $ 2,722     $ 124,229     $ 5,507     $ 10,797     $ 20,675     $ 85,124     $ 788             $ 498,325  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
The following table presents impaired loans by class, segregated by those for which a specific allowance was required and those for which a specific allowance was not necessary as of September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
   
Impaired Loans With
Specific Allowance
   
Impaired
Loans
With No
Specific Allowance
   
Total Impaired Loans
 
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Related
Allowance
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Recorded
Investment
   
Unpaid
Principal
Balance
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2011:
                             
  Residential mortgage
  $ 1,627     $ 296     $ 24     $ 1,651     $ 1,651  
  Construction and Development:
                                       
     Residential and commercial
    2,033       870       3,168       5,201       5,201  
  Commercial:
                                       
     Commercial real estate
    5,005       751       1,991       6,996       6,996  
     Other
    20       20       175       195       195  
  Consumer:
                                       
     Home equity lines of credit
    60       61       -       60       60  
     Second mortgages
    440       356       317       757       757  
        Total impaired loans
  $ 9,185     $ 2,354     $ 5,675     $ 14,860     $ 14,860  
                                         
September 30, 2010:
                                       
  Residential mortgage
  $ 2,356     $ 865     $ -     $ 2,356     $ 2,356  
  Construction and Development:
                                       
     Residential and commercial
    1,393       111       -       1,393       1,393  
  Commercial:
                                       
     Commercial real estate
    6,392       650       1,213       7,605       7,605  
     Multi-family
    1,093       164       -       1,093       1,093  
  Consumer:
                                       
     Home equity lines of credit
    189       136       -       189       189  
     Second mortgages
    2,391       1,141       1,010       3,401       3,401  
        Total impaired loans
  $ 13,814     $ 3,067     $ 2,223     $ 16,037     $ 16,037  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
The following table presents the average recorded investment in impaired loans and related interest income recognized during the year ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
   
Average
Impaired
Loans
   
Interest Income Recognized on Impaired Loans
   
Cash Basis Collection on Impaired Loans
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Year Ended September 30, 2011:
                 
  Residential mortgage
  $ 1,978     $ 8     $ 126  
  Construction and development:
                       
     Residential and commercial
    2,386       136       1,805  
  Commercial:
                       
     Commercial real estate
    8,736       369       451  
     Multi-family
    138       -       -  
     Other
    32       7       7  
  Consumer:
                       
     Home equity lines of credit
    102       4       13  
     Second mortgages
    1,009       25       42  
        Total
  $ 14,381     $ 549     $ 2,444  
                         
Year Ended September 30, 2010:
                       
  Residential mortgage
  $ 1,673     $ 22     $ 83  
  Construction and development:
                       
     Residential and commercial
    3,963       -       286  
  Commercial:
                       
     Commercial real estate
    4,954       265       257  
     Multi-family
    1,085       32       41  
     Other
    419       -       -  
  Consumer:
                       
     Home equity lines of credit
    238       1       1  
     Second mortgage
    1,891       42       47  
     Second mortgages
    1       -       -  
        Total
  $ 14,224     $ 362     $ 715  
Year Ended September 30, 2009:
                 
  Residential mortgage
  $ 3,789     $ 234     $ 217  
  Construction and development:
                       
     Residential and commercial
    7,199       231       527  
  Commercial:
                       
     Commercial real estate
    785       56       6  
     Other
    36       2       3  
  Consumer:
                       
     Home equity lines of credit
    407       19       10  
     Second mortgages
    2,069       156       97  
 Second mortgages      1        -        -  
        Total
  $ 14,286     $ 698     $ 860  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by loans considered to be rated as pass and the categories of special mention, substandard and doubtful within the Company’s internal risk rating system as of September 30, 2011.
 
   
Pass
   
Special
Mention
   
Substandard
   
Doubtful
   
Total
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                               
Residential mortgage
  $ 225,498     $ 197     $ 3,635     $ -     $ 229,330  
Construction and Development:
                                       
   Residential and commercial
    15,514       2,579       7,042       870       26,005  
   Land
    662       900       1,160       -       2,722  
Commercial:
                                       
   Commercial real estate
    108,267       6,645       16,088       225       131,225  
   Multi-family
    4,910       -       597       -       5,507  
   Other
    9,190       1,004       798       -       10,992  
Consumer:
                                       
   Home equity lines of credit
    20,621       16       98       -       20,735  
   Second mortgages
    82,425       1,335       2,121       -       85,881  
   Other
    779       9       -       -       788  
   Total
  $ 467,866     $ 12,685     $ 31,539     $ 1,095     $ 513,185  
 
The following table presents loans that are no longer accruing interest by portfolio class.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Non-accrual loans:
           
  Residential mortgage
  $ 2,866     $ 8,354  
  Construction and Development:
               
    Residential and commercial
    6,617       1,393  
  Commercial:
               
    Commercial real estate
    1,765       4,476  
    Multi-family
    -       1,093  
    Other
    229       -  
  Consumer:
               
    Home equity lines of credit
    61       457  
    Second mortgages
    1,377       4,085  
    Other
    -       3  
      Total non-accrual loans
  $ 12,915     $ 19,861  
 
Under the Bank’s loan policy, once a loan has been placed on non-accrual status, we do not resume interest accruals until the loan has been brought current and has maintained a current payment status for six consecutive months.  Interest income that would have been recognized on nonaccrual loans had they been current in accordance with their original terms was $1.3 million, $1.4 million and $698,000 for fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.  There were no loans past due 90 days or more and still accruing interest at September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
Management further monitors the performance and credit quality of the loan portfolio by analyzing the age of the portfolio as determined by whether a loan payment is “current,” that is, it is received from a borrower by the scheduled due date, or the length of time a scheduled payment is past due. The following table presents the classes of the loan portfolio summarized by the aging categories as of September 30, 2011and 2010.
 
   
Current
   
30-59
Days
Past Due
   
60-89
Days
Past Due
   
Greater
Than 90
Days Past
Due
   
Total
Past Due
   
Total Loans Receivable
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
September 30, 2011:
                                   
  Residential mortgage
  $ 225,705     $ 341     $ 418     $ 2,866     $ 3,625     $ 229,330  
  Construction and Development:
                                               
      Residential and commercial
    19,388       -       -       6,617       6,617       26,005  
      Land
    2,722       -       -       -       -       2,722  
  Commercial:
                                               
      Commercial real estate
    129,265       -       195       1,765       1,960       131,225  
      Multi-family
    5,507       -       -       -       -       5,507  
      Other
    10,741       22       -       229       251       10,992  
  Consumer:
                                               
      Home equity lines of credit
    20,658       -       16       61       77       20,735  
      Second mortgages
    82,803       1,074       627       1,377       3,078       85,881  
      Other
    772       -       16       -       16       788  
   Total
  $ 497,561     $ 1,437     $ 1,272     $ 12,915     $ 15,624     $ 513,185  
                                                 
September 30, 2010:
                                               
  Residential mortgage
  $ 220,934     $ 1,004     $ 674     $ 8,354     $ 10,032     $ 230,966  
  Construction and Development:
                                               
      Residential and commercial
    29,036       -       -       1,393       1,393       30,429  
      Land
    2,989       -       -       -       -       2,989  
  Commercial:
                                               
      Commercial real estate
    137,843       776       -       4,476       5,252       143,095  
      Multi-family
    5,400       -       -       1,093       1,093       6,493  
      Other
    11,189       -       209       -       209       11,398  
  Consumer:
                                               
      Home equity lines of credit
    19,433       37       -       457       494       19,927  
      Second mortgages
    100,132       1,122       486       4,085       5,693       105,825  
      Other
    1,080       2       1       3       6       1,086  
   Total
  $ 528,036     $ 2,941     $ 1,370     $ 19,861     $ 24,172     $ 552,208  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
As a result of adopting the amendments in ASU No. 2011-02 in the fourth quarter of fiscal 2011, the Company reassessed all restructured loans that occurred on or after October 1, 2010 and for which the borrower was determined to be troubled, for identification as troubled debt restructurings (“TDRs”). Upon identifying those receivables as TDRs, the Company identified them as impaired under the guidance in Section 310-10-35 of the Accounting Standards Codification. The amendments in ASU No. 2011-02 require prospective application of the impairment measurement guidance in Section 450-20 for those receivables newly identified as impaired.
 
TDRs may be modified by means of extended maturity at below market adjusted interest rates, a combination of rate and maturity, or by other means including covenant modifications, forbearance and other concessions. However, the Company generally only restructures loans by modifying the payment structure to interest only or by reducing the actual interest rate. Once a loan becomes a TDR, it will continue to be reported as a TDR during the term of the restructure.
 
The Company had $10.3 million and $12.0 million of TDRs at September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.  Eleven loans deemed TDRs with an aggregate balance of $7.4 million at September 30, 2011 were classified as impaired; however, they were performing prior to the restructure and continued to perform under their restructured terms as of September 30, 2011.  All of such loans have been classified as TDRs since we modified the payment terms and in some cases interest rate from the original agreements and allowed the borrowers, who were experiencing financial difficulty, to make interest only payments for a period of time in order to relieve some of their overall cash flow burden.  Some loan modifications classified as TDRs may not ultimately result in the full collection of principal and interest, as modified, and result in potential incremental losses. These potential incremental losses have been factored into our overall estimate of the allowance for loan losses. The level of any defaults will likely be affected by future economic conditions.  A default on a troubled debt restructured loan for purposes of this disclosure occurs when the borrower is 90 days past due or a foreclosure or repossession of the applicable collateral has occurred. No defaults on troubled debt restructured loans occurred during the year ended September 30, 2011 on loans modified as a TDR within the previous 12 months. The following table shows information on the troubled debt restructurings by loan portfolio as of September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
   
September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
Number
of
Contracts
   
Pre-Modifications
Outstanding
Recorded
Investments
   
Post-Modifications Outstanding Recorded Investments
   
Number
of
Contracts
   
Pre-Modifications
Outstanding
Recorded
Investments
   
Post-Modifications Outstanding Recorded Investments
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Troubled Debt Restructurings:
                                   
   Residential mortgage
    4     $ 1,061     $ 1,049       16     $ 2,279     $ 2,277  
   Construction and Development:
                                               
      Land loans
    2       1,169       1,160       2       1,170       1,170  
   Commercial:
                                               
      Commercial real estate
    7       7,986       7,919       5       7,742       7,742  
      Multi-family
    -       -       -       1       612       612  
      Other
    1       175       175       1       175       175  
   Consumer:
                                               
      Home equity lines of credit
    1       37       37       -       -       -  
       Total troubled debt restructurings
    15     $ 10,428     $ 10,340       25     $ 11,978     $ 11,976  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 6 - Loans Receivable and Related Allowance for Loan Losses (Continued)
 
No additional funds are committed to be advanced in connection with impaired loans.
 
The following table sets forth the aggregate dollar amount of loans to principal officers, directors and their affiliates in the normal course of business of the Company for the year ended September 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 1,160  
New loans
    -  
Repayments
    (543 )
Balance at end of year
  $ 617  
 
At September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, the Company was servicing loans for the benefit of others in the amounts of $23.1 million, $29.9 million and $37.4 million, respectively.  A summary of mortgage servicing rights included in other assets and the activity therein follows for the years ended September 30:
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balance at beginning of year
  $ 134     $ 292     $ 434  
Amortization
    (6 )     (158 )     (83 )
Addition
    -       -       (59 )
Balance at end of year
  $ 128     $ 134     $ 292  
 
For sales prior to 2010, the fair value of servicing rights was determined using a base discount rate of 9.50% and prepayment speeds ranging from 5.00% to 10.50%, depending upon the stratification of the specific right, and a weighted average default rate of 1.92%.   There were no loan sales during fiscal 2011 and 2010.
 
No valuation allowance on servicing rights has been recorded at September 30, 2011, 2010, or 2009.
 
Note 7 - Property and Equipment
 
Property and equipment, net consisted of the following at September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
Estimated Useful
Life (years)
   
2011
   
2010
 
         
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Land
    -     $ 711     $ 711  
Building and improvements
    10-39       11,289       12,272  
Construction in process
    -       5       23  
Furniture, fixtures and equipment
    3-7       3,659       6,650  
              15,664       19,656  
Accumulated depreciation
            (7,499 )     (10,891 )
            $ 8,165     $ 8,765  
 
Depreciation expense was approximately $826,000, $803,000 and $922,000 for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 8 - Deposits
 
Deposits classified by interest rates with percentages to total deposits at September 30, 2011 and 2010 consisted of the following:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Balances by interest rate:
                       
Tiered passbooks (0.05% to 0.15%)
  $ 26,710       4.82 %   $ 25,479       4.27 %
Regular passbooks (0.05% to 0.10%)
    18,357       3.31       16,906       2.83  
Money market accounts (0.20% to 0.65%)
    86,315       15.57       80,980       13.57  
Checking and NOW accounts (0.05% to 0.50%)
    88,722       16.00       83,365       13.97  
Non-Interest bearing demand
    19,833       3.58       18,503       3.10  
      239,937       43.28       225,233       37.74  
                                 
Certificate accounts:
                               
0% to 0.99%
    39,591       7.14       24,241       4.06  
1% to 1.99%
    93,216       16.81       129,999       21.78  
2% to 2.99%
    130,983       23.62       119,666       20.05  
3% to 3.99%
    41,656       7.51       52,865       8.86  
4% to 4.99%
    7,934       1.43       43,187       7.23  
5% to 5.99%
    1,138       0.21       1,667       0.28  
      314,518       56.72       371,625       62.26  
                                 
Total
  $ 554,455       100.00 %   $ 596,858       100.00 %
 
The total amount of certificates of deposit greater than $100,000 at September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $135.6 million and $160.7 million, respectively.  Currently, amounts above $250,000 are not insured by the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (“FDIC”).
 
Interest expense on deposits consisted of the following for the years ended September 30:
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Savings accounts
  $ 78     $ 110     $ 136  
Checking and NOW accounts
    519       845       1,321  
Money market accounts
    915       648       960  
Certificates of deposit
    6,941       8,511       11,061  
Total deposits
  $ 8,453     $ 10,114     $ 13,478  
 
The following is a schedule of certificates of deposit maturities as of September 30, 2011 (dollars in thousands):
 
2012
  $ 97,525  
2013
    102,380  
2014
    31,298  
2015
    27,524  
2016
    12,423  
Thereafter
    43,368  
    $ 314,518  
 
Deposits from related parties held by the Company at September 30, 2011 and 2010 amounted to $390,000 and $2.4 million, respectively.

 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 9 - Borrowings
 
Under terms of its collateral agreement with the Federal Home Loan Bank of Pittsburgh (“FHLB”), the Company maintains otherwise unencumbered qualifying assets in an amount at least equal to its borrowings.
 
Under an agreement with the FHLB, the Company has a line of credit available in the amount of $50.0 million of which none was outstanding at September 30, 2011 and 2010.  The interest rate on the line of credit at September 30, 2011 and 2010 was 0.65% and 0.70%, respectively.  The line of credit is to mature February 28, 2012.
 
The summary of long-term borrowings as of September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 
   
Weighted Average Rate
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Due by September 30:
                 
2011
    - %   $ -     $ 5,237  
2012
    -       -       -  
2013
    1.43       1,098       2,097  
2014
    -       -       -  
2015
    -       -       -  
2016
    -       -       -  
Thereafter
    3.56       48,000       48,000  
Total FHLB Advances
    3.52 %   $ 49,098     $ 55,334  
 
At September 30, 2011, the Company had $49.1 million in outstanding long-term FHLB advances and $313.0 million in potential FHLB advances available to us, which is based on the amount of FHLB stock held or levels of other assets, including U.S. government securities, and certain mortgage loans which are available for collateral.
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements
 
The Company follows FASB ASC Topic 820 “Fair Value Measurements,” to record fair value adjustments to certain assets and to determine fair value disclosures for the Company’s financial instruments. Investment and mortgage-backed securities available for sale are recorded at fair value on a recurring basis. Additionally, from time to time, the Company may be required to record at fair value other assets on a nonrecurring basis, such as impaired loans, real estate owned and certain other assets. These nonrecurring fair value adjustments typically involve application of lower-of-cost-or-market accounting or write-downs of individual assets.
 
The Company groups its assets at fair value in three levels, based on the markets in which the assets are traded and the reliability of the assumptions used to determine fair value. These levels are:
 
Level 1—Valuation is based upon quoted prices for identical instruments traded in active markets.
 
Level 2—
Valuation is based upon quoted prices for similar instruments in active markets, quoted prices for identical or similar instruments in markets that are not active, and model-based valuation techniques for which all significant assumptions are observable in the market.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
Level 3—
Valuation is generated from model-based techniques that use significant assumptions not observable in the market.  These unobservable assumptions reflect the Company’s own estimates of assumptions that market participants would use in pricing the asset.
 
The Company bases its fair values on the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in an orderly transaction between market participants at the measurement date. It is our policy to maximize the use of observable inputs and minimize the use of unobservable inputs when developing fair value measurements, in accordance with the fair value hierarchy.
 
Fair value measurements for assets where there exists limited or no observable market data and, therefore, are based primarily upon the Company’s or other third-party’s estimates, are often calculated based on the characteristics of the asset, the economic and competitive environment and other factors. Therefore, the results cannot be determined with precision and may not be realized in an actual sale or immediate settlement of the asset. Additionally, there may be inherent weaknesses in any calculation technique, and changes in the underlying assumptions used, including discount rates and estimates of future cash flows, could significantly affect the results of current or future valuations.
 
FASB ASC Topic 825 “Financial Instruments” provides an option to elect fair value as an alternative measurement for selected financial assets and financial liabilities not previously recorded at fair value.  The fair value of a financial instrument is the current amount that would be exchanged between willing parties, other than in a forced liquidation.
 
The tables below present the balances of assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis at September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
September 30, 2011
 
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Investment securities available for sale:
                       
  Debt securities:
                       
     U.S. government obligations
  $ 5,010     $ 5,010     $ -     $ -  
     U.S. government agencies
    23,946       -       23,946       -  
     FHLB notes
    4,496       -       4,496       -  
     State and municipal obligations
    963       -       963       -  
     Single issuer trust preferred security
    790       -       790       -  
     Corporate debt securities
    2,214       -       2,214       -  
Total investment securities available for sale
    37,419       5,010       32,409       -  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale:
                               
  FNMA:
                               
     Adjustable-rate
    2,635       -       2,635       -  
     Fixed-rate
    954       -       954       -  
  FHLMC:
                               
     Adjustable-rate
    664       -       664       -  
     Fixed-rate
    352       -       352       -  
  GNMA, adjustable-rate
    151       -       151       -  
  CMO, fixed-rate-fate
    32,214       -       32,214       -  
Total mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    36,970       -       36,970       -  
                                 
Total
  $ 74,389     $ 5,010     $ 69,370     $ -  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
   
September 30, 2010
 
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Investment securities available for sale:
                       
  Debt securities:
                       
     U.S. government obligations
  $ 4,997     $ 4,997     $ -     $ -  
     U.S. government agencies
    12,745       -       12,745       -  
     FHLB notes
    3,009       -       3,009       -  
     State and municipal obligations
    1,207       -       1,207       -  
     Single issuer trust preferred security
    759       -       759       -  
     Corporate debt securities
    1,475       -       1,475       -  
Total investment securities available for sale
    24,192       4,997       19,195       -  
                                 
Mortgage-backed securities available for sale:
                               
  FNMA:
                               
     Adjustable-rate
    3,488       -       3,488       -  
     Fixed-rate
    1,539       -       1,539       -  
  FHLMC:
                               
     Adjustable-rate
    873       -       873       -  
     Fixed-rate
    512       -       512       -  
  GNMA, adjustable-rate
    169       -       169       -  
  CMO, fixed-rate
    9,946       -       9,946       -  
Total mortgage-backed securities available for sale
    16,527       -       16,527       -  
                                 
Total
  $ 40,719     $ 4,997     $ 35,722     $ -  
 
For assets measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis in fiscal 2011 and fiscal 2010 that were still held at the end of the period, the following table provides the level of valuation assumptions used to determine each adjustment and the carrying value of the related individual assets or portfolios at September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
September 30, 2011
 
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Other real estate owned
  $ 3,382     $ -     $ -     $ 3,382  
Impaired loans
    6,831       -       -       6,831  
                                 
Total
  $ 10,213     $ -     $ -     $ 10,213  
 
   
September 30, 2010
 
   
Total
   
Level 1
   
Level 2
   
Level 3
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Other real estate owned
  $ 4,716     $ -     $ -     $ 4,716  
Impaired loans
    10,747       -       -       10,747  
                                 
Total
  $ 15,463     $ -     $ -     $ 15,463  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
The table below presents a summary of activity in our other real estate owned during the year ended September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
         
Year Ended September 30, 2011
 
   
Balance as of
September 30, 2010
   
Additions
   
Sales, net
   
Write-downs
   
Balance as of
September 30, 2011
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential mortgage
  $ 1,538     $ 4,894     $ 2,182     $ 378     $ 3,872  
Construction and Development:
                                       
  Residential and commercial
    1,085       -       1,045       40       -  
Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    2,602       6,468       3,023       1,632       4,415  
  Multi-family
    70       1,064       729       405       -  
  Other
    20       34       20       -       34  
Total
  $ 5,315     $ 12,460     $ 6,999     $ 2,455     $ 8,321  
 
         
Year Ended September 30, 2010
 
   
Balance as of
September 30, 2009
   
Additions
   
Sales, net
   
Write-downs
   
Balance as of
September 30, 2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Residential mortgage
  $ 1,567     $ 1,398     $ 775     $ 652     $ 1,538  
Construction and Development:
                                       
  Residential and commercial
    197       1,320       196       236       1,085  
Commercial:
                                       
  Commercial real estate
    4,006       345       592       1,157       2,602  
  Multi-family
    -       147       -       77       70  
  Other
    20       -       -       -       20  
Consumer:
                                       
  Second mortgages
    85       -       85       -       -  
Total
  $ 5,875     $ 3,210     $ 1,648     $ 2,122     $ 5,315  
 
The following disclosure of the estimated fair value of financial instruments is made in accordance with the requirements of FASB ASC 825.  The estimated fair value amounts have been determined by the Company using available market information and appropriate valuation methods.  However, considerable judgment is necessarily required to interpret market data to develop the estimates of fair value.  Accordingly, the estimates presented herein are not necessarily indicative of the amounts the Company would realize in a current market exchange.  The use of different market assumptions and/or estimation methodologies may have a material effect on the estimated fair value amounts.  FASB ASC 825 excludes certain financial instruments and all non-financial instruments from its disclosure requirements.  Accordingly, the aggregate fair value amounts presented may not necessarily represent the underlying fair value of the Company.
 
The fair value estimates presented herein are based on pertinent information available to management as of September 30, 2011 and 2010.  Although management is not aware of any factors that would significantly affect the estimated fair value amounts, such amounts have not been comprehensively revalued for purposes of these financial statements since September 30, 2011 and 2010 and, therefore, current estimates of fair value may differ significantly from the amounts presented herein.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
 
 
The following assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of the Company’s financial instruments:
 
Cash and Cash EquivalentsThese assets are carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.
 
Investment Securities—Investment and mortgage-backed securities available for sale (carried at fair value) and held to maturity (carried at amortized cost) are measured at fair value on a recurring basis. Fair value measurements for these securities are typically obtained from independent pricing services that we have engaged for this purpose. When available, we, or our independent pricing service, use quoted market prices to measure fair value. If market prices are not available, fair value measurement is based upon models that incorporate available trade, bid and other market information and for structured securities, cash flow and, when available, loan performance data. Because many fixed income securities do not trade on a daily basis, our independent pricing service’s applications apply available information through processes such as benchmark curves, benchmarking of like securities, sector groupings and matrix pricing to prepare evaluations. For each asset class, pricing applications and models are based on information from market sources and integrate relevant credit information. All of our securities available for sale are valued using either of the foregoing methodologies to determine fair value adjustments recorded to our financial statements. The Company had no Level 1 or Level 3 securities as of September 30, 2011 or September 30, 2010.
 
Loans Receivable—We do not record loans at fair value on a recurring basis. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for loans are primarily for estimating fair value for FASB ASC 825 disclosure purposes. However, from time to time, we record nonrecurring fair value adjustments to loans to reflect partial write-downs for impairment or the full charge-off of the loan carrying value. The valuation of impaired loans is discussed below. The fair value estimate for FASB ASC 825 purposes differentiates loans based on their financial characteristics, such as product classification, loan category, pricing features and remaining maturity. Prepayment and credit loss estimates are evaluated by loan type and rate. The fair value of loans is estimated by discounting contractual cash flows using discount rates based on current industry pricing, adjusted for prepayment and credit loss estimates.
 
Impaired Loans—Impaired loans are evaluated and valued at the time the loan is identified as impaired, at the lower of cost or fair value.  Fair value is measured based on the value of the collateral securing these loans and is classified at Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy.  Collateral may be real estate and/or business assets including equipment, inventory and/or accounts receivable and is determined based on appraisals by qualified licensed appraisers hired by the Company.  Appraised and reported values may be discounted based on management’s historical knowledge, changes in market conditions from the time of valuation, and/or management’s expertise and knowledge of the client’s business.  Impaired loans are reviewed and evaluated on a monthly basis for additional impairment and adjusted accordingly, based on the same factors identified above.
 
Accrued Interest ReceivableThis asset is carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.
 
Restricted StockAlthough restricted stock is an equity interest in the FHLB, it is carried at cost because it does not have a readily determinable fair value as its ownership is restricted and it lacks a market. The estimated fair value approximates the carrying amount.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
Other Real Estate Owned— Other real estate owned includes foreclosed properties securing commercial, residential and construction loans. Real estate properties acquired through foreclosure are initially recorded at the fair value of the property at the date of foreclosure. After foreclosure, valuations are periodically performed by management and the real estate is carried at the lower of cost or fair value less estimated costs to sell. Fair value is generally based upon independent market prices or appraised value of the collateral. Our appraisals are typically performed by independent third party appraisers. For appraisals of commercial and construction properties, comparable properties within the area may not be available. In such circumstances, our appraisers will rely on certain judgments in determining how a specific property compares in value to other properties that are not identical in design or in geographic area. Our current portfolio of other real estate owned is comprised of such properties and, accordingly, we classify other real estate owned as Level 3 on a non-recurring basis.
 
DepositsDeposit liabilities are carried at cost. As such, valuation techniques discussed herein for deposits are primarily for estimating fair value for FASB ASC 825 disclosure purposes. The fair value of deposits is discounted based on rates available for borrowings of similar maturities. A decay rate is estimated for non-time deposits. The discount rate for non-time deposits is adjusted for servicing costs based on industry estimates.
 
Long-Term BorrowingsAdvances from the FHLB are carried at amortized cost. However, we are required to estimate the fair value of long-term debt under FASB ASC 825. The fair value is based on the contractual cash flows discounted using rates currently offered for new notes with similar remaining maturities.
 
Accrued Interest PayableThis liability is carried at historical cost. The carrying amount is a reasonable estimate of fair value because of the relatively short time between the origination of the instrument and its expected realization.
 
Commitments to Extend Credit and Letters of CreditThe majority of the Company’s commitments to extend credit and letters of credit carry current market interest rates if converted to loans. Because commitments to extend credit and letters of credit are generally unassignable by either the Bank or the borrower, they only have value to the Company and the borrower. The estimated fair value approximates the recorded deferred fee amounts, which are not significant.
 
Mortgage Servicing Rights—The fair value of mortgage servicing rights is based on observable market prices when available or the present value of expected future cash flows when not available. Assumptions, such as loan default rates, costs to service, and prepayment speeds significantly affect the estimate of future cash flows. Mortgage servicing rights are carried at the lower of cost or fair value.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 10 - Fair Value Measurements (Continued)
 
The carrying amount and estimated fair value of the Company’s financial instruments as of September 30, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
   
Carrying
Amount
   
Estimated
Fair Value
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Financial assets:
                       
  Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 33,496     $ 33,496     $ 81,395     $ 81,395  
  Investment securities available for sale
    74,389       74,389       40,719       40,719  
  Investment securities held to maturity
    3,797       4,024       4,716       4,925  
  Loans receivable, net
    506,019       527,628       547,323       564,936  
  Accrued interest receivable
    1,897       1,897       2,113       2,113  
  Restricted stock
    5,349       5,349       6,567       6,567  
  Mortgage servicing rights
    128       128       134       134  
                                 
Financial liabilities:
                               
  Savings accounts
    45,067       45,067       42,385       42,385  
  Checking and NOW accounts
    108,555       108,555       101,868       101,868  
  Money market accounts
    86,315       86,315       80,980       80,980  
  Certificates of deposit
    314,518       323,634       371,625       372,388  
  FHLB advances
    49,098       53,643       55,334       58,208  
  Accrued interest payable
    233       233       267       267  
 
Note 11 - Income Taxes
 
Each quarter, the Company evaluates the realizability of its deferred tax assets (“DTA”).  As of September 30, 2011, the Company evaluated the negative and positive evidence factors bearing on whether it was more likely than not that the Company would realize the deferred tax asset, which factors included a tax basis loss in the most recent fiscal year, the uncertainty of short-term future earnings, and prudent, feasible and permissible tax planning strategies.  The Company accounts for income taxes using the asset and liability approach which recognizes the recognition of deferred tax assets and liabilities for the expected future tax consequences of temporary differences between the carrying amounts and tax basis of assets and liabilities.  This method also requires the recognition of future tax benefits, such as net operating loss carryforwards and other tax credits.  At September 30, 2011, our available net operating tax losses were approximately $7.9 million, which resulted in a deferred tax asset of $2.7 million.  These losses expire in September 30, 2031.
 
Valuation allowances are provided to reduce deferred tax assets to an amount that is more likely than not to be realized.  The company evaluates the likelihood of realizing our deferred tax asset by estimating sources of future taxable income and the impact of tax planning strategies.  The Company has considered future market growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income and the mix or earnings in the jurisdictions in which we operate and prudent, feasible and permissible tax planning strategies in determining the realizability of deferred tax assets.  If we were to determine that we would not be able to realize a portion of our net deferred tax asset in the future for which there is no valuation allowance, an adjustment to the net deferred tax asset would be charged to earnings in the period such determination was made.  Conversely, if we were to make a determination that it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets for which we had established a valuation allowance would be realized, the related valuation allowance would be reduced and a benefit to earnings would be recorded.   After weighing the various factors, management concluded that a valuation allowance was not necessary as of September 30, 2011.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 11 – Income Taxes (Continued)
 
Deferred income taxes at September 30, 2011 and 2010 were as follows:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Deferred Tax Assets:
           
  Allowance for loan losses
  $ 3,434     $ 2,773  
  Nonaccrual interest
    431       498  
  Write-down of real estate owned
    298       780  
  AMT credit carryover
    84       61  
  Low-income housing tax credit carryover
    191       93  
  Supplement Employer Retirement Plan
    352       303  
  Charitable contributions
    247       227  
  State net operating loss
    296       296  
  Net operating loss
    2,702       -  
  Other
    137       99  
     Total Deferred Tax Assets
    8,172       5,130  
     Valuation allowance for state net operating loss
    (296 )     (296 )
     Total Deferred Tax Assets, Net of Valuation Allowance
  $ 7,876     $ 4,834  
                 
Deferred Tax Liabilities:
               
  Unrealized gain on investments available for sale
    (180 )     (92 )
  Depreciation
    (28 )     (96 )
  Mortgage servicing rights
    (43 )     (45 )
  Other
    (160 )     (139 )
     Total Deferred Tax Liabilities
    (411 )     (372 )
                 
Deferred Tax Assets, Net
  $ 7,465     $ 4,462  
 
Of these DTA, the carryforward periods for certain tax attributes are as follows:
 
 
Gross operating loss carryforwards of $7.9 million (net DTA of $2.7 million) to expire in the fiscal year ending September 30, 2031;
 
 
State operating loss carryforwards of $296,000 to expire in part during the fiscal years ending September 30, 2013 and 2014;
 
 
Low income housing credit carryforwards of $191,000 to expire in the fiscal years ending September 30, 2030 and 2031;
 
 
Minimum tax credit carryforward has no expiration date; and
 
 
Gross charitable contributions carryforwards of $715,000 for the fiscal year ended 2008 (net DTA of $243,000) to expire in the fiscal year ending September 30, 2013 and gross charitable contributions carryforwards of $10,000 for the fiscal year ended 2010 (net DTA of $4,000) to expire in the fiscal year ending September 30, 2015.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 11 – Income Taxes (Continued)
 
Prior to 2007, for federal income tax purposes, in accordance with Internal Revenue Code IRC Section 475, the Company recognized the change in unrealized gains (losses) on investment securities available for sale through current taxable income.  In 2007, the Company did not elect IRC Section 475.  The mark-to-market adjustment recorded at September 30, 2006 was recognized over four years in accordance with the IRC Code and was fully recognized at September 30, 2010.
 
Income tax (benefit) expense for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 was comprised of the following:
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Federal:
                 
  Current
  $ (488 )   $ 301     $ 443  
  Deferred
    (3,091 )     (2,212 )     (260 )
      (3,579 )     (1,911 )     183  
State, current
    -       16       59  
    $ (3,579 )   $ (1,895 )   $ 242  
 
The following is a reconciliation between federal income tax at the statutory rate of 34% and the actual income tax expense (benefit) recorded on income (loss) before income taxes for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009:
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
                   
At federal statutory rate
  $ (3,295 )   $ (1,708 )   $ 426  
Adjustments resulting from:
                       
  State tax, net of federal benefit
    -       11       39  
  Tax-exempt interest
    (8 )     (12 )     (26 )
  Low-income housing credit
    (41 )     (41 )     (41 )
  Earnings on bank-owned life insurance
    (186 )     (192 )     (175 )
  Other
    (49 )     47       19  
    $ (3,579 )   $ (1,895 )   $ 242  
 
It is the Company’s policy to provide for uncertain tax positions and the related interest and penalties based upon management’s assessment of whether a tax benefit is more like than not to be sustained upon examination by tax authorities.  As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, there were no material uncertain tax positions related to federal and state income tax matters.  The Company is currently open to audit under the statute of limitation by the Internal Revenue Service and state taxing authorities for the years ended September 30, 2008 to September 30, 2011.
 
The Company’s effective tax rate was 36.9%, 37.7%, and 19.3% in fiscal 2011, 2010 and 2009, respectively.
 
The Small Business Job Protection Act of 1996 provides for the repeal of the tax bad debt deduction computed under the percentage-of-taxable-income method.  Upon repeal, the Company was required to recapture into income, over a six-year period, the portion of its tax bad debt reserves that exceeds its base year reserves (i.e., tax reserves for tax years beginning before 1988).  The base year tax reserves, which may be subject to recapture if the Company ceases to qualify as a bank for federal income tax purposes, are restricted with respect to certain distributions and have been treated as a permanent tax difference.  The Company’s total tax bad debt reserves at September 30, 2011 and 2010 were approximately $1.6 million, of which $1.6 million represented the base year amount, and zero was subject to recapture.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 12 - Leases
 
Pursuant to the terms of non-cancelable operating lease agreements expiring in March 2015 and September 2030, pertaining to Company property, future minimum rent commitments are (Dollars in thousands):
 
Years ending September 30:
     
2012
  $ 279  
2013
    279  
2014
    279  
2015
    237  
2016
    214  
Thereafter
    4,763  
    $ 6,051  
 
The Company receives rents from the lease of office and residential space owned by the Company.  Future minimum rental commitments under these leases are (Dollars in thousands):
 
Years ending September 30:
     
2012
  $ 278  
2013
    214  
2014
    170  
2015
    1  
2016
    -  
    $ 663  
 
Note 13 - Commitments and Contingencies
 
The Company is a party to financial instruments with off-balance sheet risk in the normal course of business to meet the financing needs of its customers.  These financial instruments include commitments to extend credit, unused lines of credit and standby letters of credit.  Such commitments involve, to varying degrees, elements of credit, and interest rate risk in excess of the amount recognized in the statements of financial condition.
 
The Company’s exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by the other party to the financial instrument for commitments to extend credit is represented by the contractual amount of those instruments.  The Company uses the same credit policies in making commitments and conditional obligations as it does for on-balance sheet instruments.
 
Letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company guaranteeing payments of drafts in accordance with the terms of the letter of credit agreements.  Standby letters of credit are conditional commitments issued by the Company to guarantee the performance of a customer to a third party.  Collateral may be required to support letters of credit based upon management’s evaluation of the creditworthiness of each customer.  The credit risk involved in issuing letters of credit is substantially the same as that involved in extending loan facilities to customers.  Most letters of credit expire within one year.  At September 30, 2011 and 2011, the uncollateralized portion of the letters of credit extended by the Company was approximately $4.0 million and $3.8 million, respectively.  The current amount of the liability for guarantees under letters of credit was not material as of September 30, 2011 or 2010.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 13 – Commitments and Contingencies (Continued)
 
At September 30, 2011 and 2010, the following financial instruments were outstanding whose contract amounts represent credit risk:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Commitments to extend credit:
           
  Future loan commitments
  $ 7,309     $ 4,959  
  Undisbursed construction loans
    7,698       34,840  
  Undisbursed home equity lines of credit
    23,656       25,374  
  Undisbursed commercial lines of credit
    4,910       7,522  
  Overdraft protection lines
    823       866  
Standby letters of credit
    3,998       3,809  
Total Commitments
  $ 48,394     $ 77,370  
 
Commitments to grant loans at fixed rates at September 30, 2011 totaled $7.3 million, with such commitments being for loans with interest rates that ranged from 3.25% to 6.25%.  Commitments to grant loans at variable rates at September 30, 2011 totaled $41.1 million, with such commitments being for loans with initial interest rates that ranged from 3.51% to 8.44%.
 
Commitments to extend credit are agreements to lend to a customer as long as there is no violation of any condition established in the contract.  Commitments generally have fixed expiration dates or other termination clauses and may require payment of a fee.  The Company evaluates each customer’s credit worthiness on a case-by-case basis.  The amount of collateral obtained, if deemed necessary by the Company upon extension of credit, is based on management’s credit evaluation. Collateral held varies but generally includes personal or commercial real estate.
 
Unfunded commitments under commercial lines of credit are collateralized except for the overdraft protection lines of credit and commercial unsecured lines of credit.  The amount of collateral obtained is based on management’s credit evaluation, and generally includes personal or commercial real estate.
 
The Company has employment contract with a member of executive management that in the event of a change in control of the Company, as defined, the Company’s liability would amount to approximately $611,000.
 
Various legal claims arise from time to time in the normal course of business which, in the opinion of management, will have no material effect on the Company’s consolidated financial statements.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 14 - Regulatory Matters
 
The Bank is subject to various regulatory capital requirements administered by the federal banking agencies.  Failure to meet minimum capital requirements can initiate certain mandatory and possibly additional discretionary actions by regulators that, if undertaken, could have a direct material effect on the Bank’s financial statements.  Under capital adequacy guidelines and the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action, the Bank must meet specific capital guidelines that involve quantitative measures of the Bank’s assets, liabilities and certain off-balance sheet items as calculated under regulatory accounting practices.  The Bank’s capital amounts and classifications are also subject to qualitative judgments by the regulators about components, risk-weightings and other factors.
 
Quantitative measures established by regulation to ensure capital adequacy require the Bank to maintain minimum amounts and ratios (set forth in the table below) of tangible and core capital (as defined in the regulations) to total adjusted tangible assets (as defined) and of risk-based capital (as defined) to risk-weighted assets (as defined).
 
Management believes, as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, that the Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which it was subject.
 
As of September 30, 2011 and 2010, the most recent notification from the regulators categorized the Bank as well-capitalized under the regulatory framework for prompt corrective action.  To be categorized as well-capitalized, the Bank must maintain minimum tangible, core, and risk-based ratios as set forth in the table.  There are no conditions or events since that notification that management believes have changed the Bank’s category.
 
Until recently, the Bank, the Company and the Mutual Holding Company were regulated by the Office of Thrift Supervision (the “OTS”). As a result of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act, the OTS was eliminated and, as of July 21, 2011, the regulatory oversight functions and authority of the OTS related to the Bank were transferred to the Office of the Comptroller of the Currency (the “OCC”) and the regulatory oversight functions and authority of the OTS related to the Holding Company and Mutual Holding Company, which  are savings and loan holding companies, were transferred to the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System (the “Federal Reserve Board” or the “FRB”).
 
In October 2010, the Bank and the Company and the Mutual Holding Company entered into Supervisory Agreements (the “Agreement”) with the OTS (now, the OCC) that required compliance with certain items within specified timeframes as outlined in the Agreements.  With the exception of certain deviations, which we do not believe were significant, to the provisions regarding commercial loan originations, the Company and the Bank have operated in compliance with the Supervisory Agreements in all material respects.
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 14 - Regulatory Matters (Continued)
 
The Bank’s actual capital amounts and ratios are also presented in the table:
 
     
Actual
   
For Capital Adequacy
Purposes
   
To be Well Capitalized
Under Prompt
Corrective Action
Provisions
 
    Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio     Amount     Ratio  
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
As of September 30, 2011:
                                   
  Tangible Capital (to tangible assets)
  $ 49,681       7.54 %  
$>  9,878
      1.50 %   $ -       N/A  
  Core Capital (to adjusted tangible
    assets)
    49,681       7.54    
>26,342
      4.00    
 >32,928
      5.00 %
  Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted
    assets)
    49,681       10.76    
>18,476
      4.00    
>27,714
      6.00  
  Total risk-based Capital (to risk-
    weighted assets)
    55,493       12.01    
>36,952
      8.00    
>46,190
      10.00  
                                                 
As of September 30, 2010:
                                               
  Tangible Capital (to tangible assets)
  $ 59,026       8.24 %  
$>10,739
      1.50 %   $ -       N/A  
  Core Capital (to adjusted tangible
    assets)
    59,026       8.24    
>28,637
      4.00    
>35,796
      5.00 %
  Tier 1 Capital (to risk-weighted
    assets)
    59,026       11.83    
>19,962
      4.00    
>29,944
      6.00  
  Total risk-based Capital (to risk-
    weighted assets)
    64,116       12.85    
>39,925
      8.00    
>49,906
      10.00  
 
The following table presents a reconciliation of the Bank’s equity determined using accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America (“US GAAP”) and its regulatory capital amounts as of September 30, 2011 and 2010:
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
             
Bank GAAP equity
  $ 53,321     $ 59,129  
Disallowed portion of deferred tax asset
    (3,350 )     -  
Net unrealized (loss) gain on securities available for sale, net of income taxes
    (290 )     (103 )
   Tangible Capital, Core Capital and Tier 1 Capital
    49,681       59,026  
Allowance for loan losses (excluding specific reserves of $1,259* and $3,067 for 2011 and 2010, respectively), (also excluding 1.25% of risk-weighted assets of $3,031 and $0 for 2011 and 2010, respectively)
    5,812       5,090  
Total Risk-Based Capital
  $ 55,493     $ 64,116  
 

* Specific reserves based on regulatory specifications

 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 15 – Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only
 
Condensed Statements of Financial Condition
September 30, 2011 and 2010
 
   
2011
   
2010
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Assets
           
      Cash and Cash Equivalents
  $ 1,799     $ 550  
      Investment in subsidiaries
    53,321       59,129  
      Investment securities available for sale
    2,640       3,782  
      Loans receivable, net
    2,315       2,420  
      Deferred income taxes, net
    212       188  
      Other assets
    559       185  
            Total Assets
  $ 60,846     $ 66,254  
                 
Liabilities
               
      Accounts payable
  $ 562     $ 47  
                 
Shareholders’ Equity
    60,284       66,207  
            Total Liabilities and Shareholders’ Equity
  $ 60,846     $ 66,254  
 
Condensed Statements of Operations
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Income
                 
  Interest income
  $ 210     $ 257     $ 294  
    Total Interest Income
    210       257       294  
                         
Gain on sale of investment securities
    -       -       2  
                         
Expense
                       
  Other operating expenses
    58       58       36  
    Total Other Expenses
    58       58       36  
                         
Gain before Equity in Undistributed Net (Loss) Income of Subsidiaries and Income Tax (Expense) Benefit
    152       199       260  
                         
Equity in Undistributed Net (Loss) Income of Subsidiaries
    (6,094 )     (3,341 )     852  
                         
Income tax (expense) benefit
    170       (13 )     (102 )
                         
Net (Loss) Income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010  
 
 
Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Subsidiaries
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009
 
Note 15 – Condensed Financial Information - Parent Company Only (continued)
 
 
Condensed Statements of Cash Flows
 
   
Year Ended September 30,
 
   
2011
   
2010
   
2009
 
   
(Dollars in thousands)
 
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
                 
   Net (loss) income
  $ (6,112 )   $ (3,129 )   $ 1,010  
   Undistributed net loss (income) of subsidiaries
    6,094       3,341       (852 )
   Deferred income taxes, net
    (30 )     9       144  
   ESOP shares committed to be released
    98       121       104  
   Amortization of discounts on investment securities
    (4 )     (1 )     (4 )
   Net gain on sale of investment securities
    -       -       (2 )
   Increase (decrease) in other liabilities
    14       (36 )     83  
   Other assets
    40       (14 )     (314 )
Net Cash Provided by Operating Activities
    100       291       169  
                         
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
                       
   Proceeds from maturities and principal collection on
      investments available for sale, net
    742       475       483  
   Purchases of investment securities
    (3,290 )     (2,207 )     (243 )
   Calls, sales of investment securities
    3,673       1,300       508  
   Loan originations and principal collections, net
    105       100       95  
Net Cash Provided by (Used in) Investing Activities
    1,230       (332 )     843  
                         
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
                       
   Treasury stock repurchase
    -       (458 )     (19 )
   Cash dividends paid
    (81 )     (327 )     (415 )
Net Cash (Used in) Financing Activities
    (81 )     (785 )     (434 )
                         
Net Increase (Decrease) in Cash and Cash Equivalents
    1,249       (826 )     578  
                         
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Beginning
    550       1,376       798  
                         
Cash and Cash Equivalents - Ending
  $ 1,799     $ 550     $ 1,376  
 
 
Item 9.  Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure.
 
Not Applicable.
 
Item 9A.  Controls and Procedures.
 
Our management evaluated, with the participation of our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) as of September 30, 2011.  Based on such evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in the reports that we file or submit under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and regulations and are operating in an effective manner.
 
No change in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15(d)-15(f) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) occurred during the fourth fiscal quarter of 2011 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
 
Management’s Annual Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting
 
Management of the Company is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Securities and Exchange Act of 1934 Rules 13(a)-15(f).  The Company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. An adequate system of internal control encompasses the processes and procedures that have been established by management to, among other things:
 
 
Maintain records that accurately reflect the Company’s transactions;
 
 
Prepare financial statements and footnote disclosures in accordance with GAAP that can be relied upon by external users;
 
 
Prevent and detect unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Company’s assets that could have a material effect of the financial statements.
 
Management, including the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of the Company’s controls over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”).  Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal Control – Integrated Framework, management concluded that the Company’s internal control over financial reporting was effective as of September 30, 2011.
 
Item 9B.  Other Information.
 
Not applicable.
 
 
PART III
 
Item 10.  Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance.
 
The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the information contained in the sections captioned “Information with Respect to Nominees for Director, Continuing Directors and Executive Officers” and “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock by Certain Beneficial Owners and Management – Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in the Company’s definitive  proxy statement for the 2012 Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held in February 2012 (the “Proxy Statement”).
 
The Company has adopted a Code of Conduct and Ethics that applies to its principal executive officer and principal financial officer, as well as other officers and employees of the Company and the Bank. A copy of the Code of Ethics is available on the Company’s website at www.malvernfederal.com.
 
Item 11.  Executive Compensation.
 
The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the information contained in the sections captioned “Management Compensation” in the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 12.  Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Shareholder Matters.
 
The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the information contained in the section captioned “Beneficial Ownership of Common Stock by Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” in the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 13.  Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence.
 
The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the information contained in the sections captioned “Management Compensation – Related Party Transactions” and “Information with Respect to Nominees for Director, Continuing Directors and Executive Officers” in the Proxy Statement.
 
Item 14.  Principal Accounting Fees and Services.
 
The information required herein is incorporated by reference from the information contained in the section captioned “Ratification of Appointment of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm (Proposal Two) – Audit Fees” in the Proxy Statement.
 
PART IV
 
Item 15. Exhibits and Financial Statement Schedules.
 
(a)(1)          The following financial statements are incorporated by reference from Item 8 hereof:
 
Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
Consolidated Statements of Financial Condition
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
 
     (2)          All schedules are omitted because they are not required or applicable, or the required information is shown in the consolidated financial statements or the notes thereto.

 
(3)           Exhibits
 
The following exhibits are filed as part of this Form 10-K and this list includes the Exhibit Index.
 
No.
 
Description
 
Location
  3.1
 
Charter of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.
 
(1)
  3.2
 
Bylaws of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.
 
(2)
  3.3
 
Amendment to the Bylaws of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.
 
(3)
  4.0
 
Form of Stock Certificate of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc.
 
(1)
10.1
 
Amended and Restated Director Retirement Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Bank and F. Claire Hughes, Jr.*
 
(4)
10.2
 
Amended and Restated Director Retirement Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Bank and Joseph E. Palmer, Jr.*
 
(4)
10.3
 
Amended and Restated Director Retirement Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Banks and John B. Yerkes, Jr.*
 
(4)
10.4
 
Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Bank and Ronald Anderson*
 
(4)
10.5
 
Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Bank and Dennis Boyle*
 
(4)
10.6
 
Amended and Restated Supplemental Executive Retirement Plan Agreement between Malvern Federal Savings Bank and William E. Hughes, Jr.*
 
(4)
10.7
 
Employment Agreement Among Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc., Malvern Federal Savings Bank and Ronald Anderson*
 
(5)
10.8
 
Supervisory Agreement by and through the Board of Directors of Malvern Federal Savings Bank and the Office of Thrift Supervision, dated October 19, 2010
 
(6)
10.9
 
Supervisory Agreement by and through the Boards of Directors of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. and Malvern Federal Mutual Holding Company and the Office of Thrift Supervision, dated October 19, 2010
 
 
(6)
23.0
 
Consent of ParenteBeard LLC
 
Filed herewith
31.1
 
Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification of the Chief Executive Officer
 
Filed herewith
31.2
 
Rule 13(a)-14(a) Certification of the Chief Financial Officer
 
Filed herewith
32.0
 
Section 1350 Certification
 
Filed herewith
       101.INS
 
XBRL Instance Document. ** ***
 
 
       101.SCH
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document.**
 
 
       101.CAL
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document.**
 
 
       101.LAB
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document.**
 
 
       101.PRE
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document.**
 
 
       101.DEF
 
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definitions Linkbase Document.**
 
 
 

*
**
Denotes a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement.
These interactive data files are being furnished as part of this Current Report, and, in accordance with Rule 402 of Regulation S-T, shall not be deemed filed for purposes of Section 11 or 12 of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or Section 18 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or otherwise subject to liability under those sections.
***
Attached as Exhibit 101 to this report are the following documents formatted in XBRL (Extensible Business Reporting Language): (i) the Consolidated Statement of Financial Condition at September 30, 2011 and 2010, (ii) the Consolidated Statement of Operations for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, (iii) the Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009, (iv) the Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows for the years ended September 30, 2011, 2010 and 2009 and (v) the Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements, tagged as blocks of text.
 
(1)
Incorporated by reference from the like-numbered exhibit included in Malvern Federal Bancorp’s registration statement on Form S-1, filed December 19, 2007 (SEC File No. 333-148169).
 
 
(2)
Incorporated by reference from the like-numbered exhibit included in the Pre-Effective Amendment No. 1 to Malvern Federal Bancorp’s registration statement on Form S-1, filed January 31, 2008 (SEC File No. 333-148169).
 
(3)
Incorporated by reference from the exhibit 3.1 included in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K of Malvern Federal Bancorp, Inc. dated as of November 16, 2010 and filed November 19, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-34051).
 
(4)
Incorporated by reference from the exhibit included in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated as of December 16, 2008 and filed December 16, 2008 (SEC File No. 001-34051).
 
(5)
Incorporated by reference from the exhibit included in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated as of August 5, 2008 and filed August 11, 2008 (SEC File No. 001-34051).
 
(6)
Incorporated by reference from the exhibits, Exhibit 10.1 and Exhibit 10.2, respectively, included in the Company’s Current Report on Form 8-K, dated as of November 16, 2010 and filed November 19, 2010 (SEC File No. 001-34051).
 
 
     (b)
Exhibits
 
 
 
The exhibits listed under (a)(3) of this Item 15 are filed herewith.
 
 
     (c)
Reference is made to (a)(2) of this Item 15.
 
 
SIGNATURES
 
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
  MALVERN FEDERAL BANCORP, INC.  
       
December 20, 2011       
By:   
/s/ Ronald Anderson
    Ronald Anderson  
    President and Chief Executive Officer  
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated.
 
 
Name
 
Title
 
Date
         
/s/ Ronald Anderson    Director, President and Chief   Executive Officer   (principal executive officer)  
December 20, 2011
Ronald Anderson
 
         
/s/ F. Claire Hughes, Jr.   
Chairman of the Board
 
December 20, 2011
F. Claire Hughes, Jr.
 
 
 
 
 
/s/ John B. Yerkes, Jr. 
 
 
Vice Chairman of the Board
 
 
December 20, 2011
John B. Yerkes, Jr.
       
 
/s/ Joseph E. Palmer, Jr. 
 
 
Director
 
 
December 20, 2011
Joseph E. Palmer, Jr.
       
 
/s/ Kristin S. Camp 
 
 
Director
 
 
December 20, 2011
Kristin S. Camp        
 
/s/ George E. Steinmetz 
 
 
Director
 
 
December 20, 2011
George E. Steinmetz        
 
/s/ Therese Woodman 
 
 
Director
 
 
December 20, 2011
Therese Woodman        
 
/s/ Stephen P. Scartozzi
 
 
Director
 
 
December 20, 2011
Stephen P. Scartozzi        
 
/s/ Dennis Boyle 
 
 
Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer (principal financial and accounting officer)
 
 
December 20, 2011
Dennis Boyle      
 
 
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